2/25/15 Materials Needed: Binder, Pencil LS-7,8 Homework: #68 DO NOW: Which of the following best describes the number of chromosomes in a normal human liver cell? A. 23 pairs of chromosomes B. 46 different types of chromosomes C. 46 male chromosomes and 46 female chromosomes D. 23 original chromosomes and 23 duplicated chromosomes Agenda: 1. Do Now (5) 2. Experiment (10) 1. Send your 3. Dismiss (3) materials manager up with the homework. Objectives 2. Write down the Scientists homework will in be able your to agenda. describe the 3. basic Do the rules DO and NOW. procedures of 6th 4. grade If you science. finish early, thumbs up.
Today s Agenda Objectives Chromosomes Reading Activity Chromosome Presentations Homework: #68 BYL
Objectives Scientists will be able to explain the structure and function of chromosomes as well as the correct number in a typical cell. Writing and speaking: Students will recall details about chromosomes and its structure.
What are we doing? We are learning about chromosomes. Why are we doing it? We are learning about chromosomes so that we may begin to understand how traits are inherited. How do I know you ve got it? When you can describe the structure, function, and correct number of chromosomes, you ve got it!
Vocabulary: Don t get confused! Genes: specific sections of DNA that code for proteins Chromosomes: units of genetic information; DNA strands wrapped tightly around proteins. Homologous Chromosomes: Pairs of similar chromosomes Chromatids: duplicated (copied) chromosomes
Chromosomes The cell s nucleus contains chromosomes Chromosomes are made up of protein and DNA The chromosome holds the DNA in a tightly packed shape place in the nucleus
The DNA is very long and would not fit into the nucleus if they were not tightly packed. There are many parts of chromosome that contain no genes Almost all of your human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes in each cell (for a total of 46). The reason they are in pairs is that one set came from your mom and the other from your dad. The exception is that the human sex cells (eggs and sperm) only carry 1 copy of each chromosome (for a total of 23).
What are genes? A gene is a section of DNA Each one codes for a specific protein by specifying the order in which amino acids must be joined together Humans have about 30,000 genes. Do you think humans have more genes than any other organism?
Bill Nye - Genes
New Vocabulary: Allele Repeat after me: allele Dictionary Definition: one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome. Our definition: One form of a gene from either the mother or the father, represented by a letter. Other forms: alleles, allelic
New Vocabulary: Genotype Repeat after me: genotype Dictionary Definition: The genetic makeup, as distinguished from the physical appearance, of an organism or a group of organisms. Our definition: The combination of alleles gathered from all of the chromosomes inherited from mom and dad. Other forms: genotypes, genotypic
New Vocabulary: Phenotype Repeat after me: phenotype Dictionary Definition: the observable properties of an organism that are produced by the interaction of the genotype and the environment Our definition: The physical characteristics of an organism produced from the inherited genes. Other forms: phenotypic, phenotypes
Chromosomes and Traits! This activity will take the rest of today and tomorrow! Can I have a volunteer to read the text at the top of page 2? We will be creating a baby dragon based on possible inherited traits from its mother and father. Let s move through this together. How to get the A+: The expectations are on your worksheet. Volume level 1!
Lay out your strips like this.
HW: #68 Answer the multiple choice question below and then explain why you chose it and what evidence you used to get to that answer. You also need to provide your reasoning. You must use complete sentences. Use transition words to start out your reasoning (As a result, in conclusion, therefore). New requirement: You must ANNOTATE the question (underline the important parts, circle what you don t know, write it in your own words).
Let s prove what we ve learned! BYL The diagram shows the X chromosomes in a female fruit fly and the X and Y chromosomes in a male fruit fly. The two fruit flies are crossed with each other. The female offspring of the fruit flies will receive which pair of chromosomes? Explain your answer with a complete sentence!! Stack, pack, and leave no tracks.
Scientist of the Day