Joint EASE/EERA recommendations for a European Energy Storage Technology Development Roadmap towards 2030 EnergiForsk2013 Ingeniørhuset 20.06.2013 Presented by Allan Schrøder Pedersen Head of Research Programme Technical University of Denmark EASE & EERA member
European Association for Storage of Energy» About EASE The European Association for Storage of Energy (EASE) is the voice of the energy storage community, actively promoting the use of energy storage in Europe and worldwide.» EASE views and approach EASE supports all energy storage technologies and believes that storage needs to be addressed agnostically. Innovation and demonstration are required for energy storage to become a success. Consequently, the EU and Member States need to further support R,D&D of energy storage. A business case for energy storage is needed. For that reason the barriers in the existing system should be tackled. EASE is producing recommendations to enable the creation of a fair revenue stream. EASE believes the market will define the appropriate and adequate technology. Legislation should not be the one picking the winners.
EASE members
European Energy Research Alliance» About EERA European Commission has developed the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET-Plan). EERA is one major tool to support SET-plan implementation. EERA promotes cooperation of Energy Research Organisations Accelerate development of new energy technologies Improve coordination and cooperation Respect of National and Community objectives Concentrate national efforts while maintaining comprehensive programme at European level Long term relationship EERA includes 13 Joint Programmes including a JP on Energy Storage» EERA Joint Programme on Energy Storage Organised in 6 sub-programmes: (1) Electrochemical Storage; (2) Chemical Storage; (3) Thermal Storage; (4) Mechanical Storage (5) Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage & (6) Techno- Economics.
EERA members Current status 2013 36 participants 30 full participants 6 associated participants from 15 EU member states Resources committed More than 400 PY/Y
Mission & Objectives
Mission and objectives Recommendations for R&D actions in the timeframe of Horizon2020 Point out European needs and define technology areas for R&D Set up milestones Recommendations on strategic stakes for optimising European R&D efforts Identify critical energy storage technologies and/or technology gaps that must be filled to meet technology performance targets Identify ways to leverage R&D investments through coordination of research activities Identify regulatory hurdles and market failures preventing the creation of business cases for energy storage. solarenergyfactsblog.com
Methodology
Methodology Energy storage will be required in the sustainable energy system of Europe - this is widely supported Quantitative modelling of a complete renewable European society points the same way We have aimed to point out the energy storage technologies, which we believe hold the largest potential for economic and technical development Attention to European competences in industry and research as well as knowledge and assessments of the future requirements in Europe Close collaboration between EASE and EERA JP ES Excellent input from stakeholders Source: Prof. Martin Greiner and co-workers, Aarhus University
Promising technologies for next decades Overall selection criteria: Present state of European competences in Industry and Research Potential for development to market-based deployment Assessment of future requirements in Europe within different segments such as generation, transmission, distribution Time horizon of 10-20 years Present industrial maturity Potential market status for the technologies after appropriate development Social acceptability
How energy storage supports present political goals
How can energy storage support present political goals? By facilitating integration of renewables in the energy system Balancing Demand & Supply Managing Transmission & Distribution grids Promoting demand side management Contributing to competitive and secure electricity supply Allowing fossil-free transport
Conclusions from existing projections All flexibility sources will be needed: Dispatchable power plants; Demand-side response/management via a smart grid; Interconnection with adjacent markets; Energy storage. Source: Energy Technology Perspectives 2012 Pathways to a Clean Energy System, Report IEA, 2012.
Future applications & potentials in Europe
Services of Electrical Energy Storage Technical / Functionalities: The ability to time-shift electrical energy (both: seasonal / daily) The ability to inject energy to the electrical grid (act as a generator) The ability to extract energy from the electrical grid (act as a demand) Contribute to the overall socio-economic targets: Security of the power supply of the Electrical System Security of power quality Cost minimisation: direct & environmental costs (more energy from renewables, hence reduction of fossil-fuels)
Electrical Energy Storage applications
Where will the needs for energy storage emerge? Energy Storage can be integrated at different levels of the Electrical System: Generation level: Arbitrage, capacity firming, curtailment reduction Transmission level: frequency and voltage control, investment deferral, curtailment reduction, black starting Distribution level: voltage control, capacity support, curtailment reduction Customer level: peak shaving, time of use cost management, off-grid supply TRANSPORT Competitors: demand side adaptation, transmission, installed capacity How do we provide regulation power in the fossil-free electricity system Activation of power reserves and frequency of power system as a function of time when a large power plant is disconnected from the power system (Holttinen, VTT PUBLICATIONS 554)
Technologies addressed in Roadmap 1. Chemical Energy Storage 2. Electrochemical Energy Storage Batteries Electrochemical capacitors (supercapacitors) 3. Mechanical Energy Storage Compressed Air Energy Storage Flywheel energy storage Pumped Hydro Energy Storage 4. Thermal Energy Storage 5. Electrical Energy Storage Multi-Functionality Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Numbers as used in the report (Not a ranking order)
Multiplicity of applications imply diversity of ES technologies
Technologies & Competences in focus
e.g. Chemical energy storage What is Chemical energy storage? Short description of technologies and processes What is the maturity of the technology? E.g.: Mature/demo/pilot/R&D What are the applications? Based on pre-established applications along the electricity value chain What are the SET Plan targets for that technology towards 2030 and beyond? List of priorities analysed according to state-of-the-art, target 2020-2030 and ultimate goal
e.g. Chemical energy storage What are the gaps between targets and present performance? List of gaps What are the research needs for improving the technology? E.g.: material research, demo What are the resources and infrastructure necessary? E.g. financing, public acceptance, skilled manpower
Market & Policy issues 2
Market and policy issues Energy storage has a systemic nature Aggregation of different applications for the same storage device A legal framework for energy storage at EU level must be established bearing in mind that the completion of the European single market for energy is crucial Energy storage constitutes a special and important asset of the complete energy value chain. Grid fees, taxes and similar should not be allowed to hinder or discriminate the integration of energy storage Market based storage solutions should be preferred whenever possible (grid safety, however, must always take precedence) Vattenfall 1060 MW PHS plant in Goldisthal, Germany
Recommendations & proposed Timeline 2
Recommendations In a timeframe of 2 years Small to medium scale demonstration and pilot programs focusing on grid integration. Examples: chemical storage, grid scale battery storage, new advancements of Pumped Hydro Storage. Small (to medium) scale grid-connected battery storage experiments in different voltage levels in the grid Perform large scale underground heat storage studies by modelling
Recommendations In a timeframe of 2 years Pilot projects for thermal management and industrial waste heat storage Initiate durable coordinated research effort among companies and research laboratories across Europe Encourage modelling efforts for energy storage technologies Support underlying materials and equipment research
Recommendations In a timeframe of 2-5 years Design of market terms for integrating energy storage in the electricity market Arrange and organise market incentives for integration of energy storage technologies in the electricity grid Initiate heat storage experiments (including underground technology) to obtain practical experience for different storage configurations
Recommendations In a timeframe of 2-5 years Initiate medium to large scale underground heat storage experiments to obtain practical experience with storage properties in different geological formations. Evaluate interaction of gas and electricity grids to the benefit of least cost and least CO 2 emissions from both segments Continue basic materials research initiated in the first 2 years period
Recommendations In a timeframe of 5-10 years Large-scale demonstration projects based on the gained experience from first phase projects and including results obtained from materials research and modelling efforts over the (then) past 10 years period. Continue basic materials research and evaluation of new ideas. Communication and interaction of different storage assets in the grid for supplying ancillary services and load shifting Fabricius and Andersen, Aktuel Naturvidenskab, 2, 2011
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