China in 2012: Opportunities and Challenges Matthew Quigley Senior International Trade Specialist Regional Director s Office for East Asia & the Pacific
My interest in China First went to China in 1997 to Hubei Lived in China for 4 years Analyzed Chinese companies production data in Import Administration Counseled Companies on technical matters in the China Business Information Center Currently work at the Office of the Regional Director for East Asia and Pacific Assigned to Beijing beginning Feb 2013
CHINA NOW - STRENGTH Historical GDP Growth: Average 9% per annum for over 30 years (i.e. doubling in size every 8 years) Economic Size: World s 2 rd largest economy Consumes 33 50% of world s coal, cement, steel, iron ore US. #3 Foreign Export Market 2011 Although Trade Deficit in goods is $295 B 2011 U.S. Exports goods to China is $105 B U.S. s fasting growing export market up 30% in 2010 and 13% in 2011 Source is BEA for trade data
U.S. Goods Exports to China ($B) Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis
U.S. Services Exports to China ($M) Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis
Top U.S. Exports to China, 2011 1 Crop Production $14.7 billion 2 Computers and Electronics $13.7 billion 3 Chemicals $13.6 billion 4 Transportation Equipment $13.2 billion 5 Waste and Scrap $11.5 billion
-Top Origins for Foreign Students in the United States -BEA estimates that Chinese students alone account for $5 billion in the U.S. economy 2011/12 School Year is 764,495 200,000 180,000 160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 China India South Korea Saudi Arabia Canada Taiwan Japan Vietnam Mexico Turkey Source for number of students: Institute for International Education Source for economic activity is BEA and NAFSA
Contact Information for Education in China My experience this summer Shanghai Dave.averne@trade.gov and wenjuan.zhan@trade.gov Beijing Mark.Lewis@trade.gov Guangzhou Teri.Tyminski@trade.gov
Alaska s Top Goods Exports to China (NAICS) 2012 through September 2011 Alaska Exports to China 921,751,229 1,476,880,762 114 Fish, Fresh/chilled/frozen & Other Marine Products 676,681,046 882,186,088 212 Minerals & Ores 177,696,496 518,224,594 113 Forestry Products, Nesoi 61,122,138 57,313,081 211 Oil & Gas 11,978,327 311 Food & Kindred Products 4,694,887 2,456,388 335 Electrical Equipment, Appliances & Components 31,625 955,341 325 Chemicals 187,532 874,777 334 Computer & Electronic Products 716,321 814,342 910 Waste And Scrap 17,591 798,600 333 Machinery, Except Electrical 134,183 464,005 336 Transportation Equipment 318,381 395,054 321 Wood Products 203,311 339 Miscellaneous Manufactured Commodities 50,000 101,532 331 Primary Metal Mfg 36,110
Commerce Fisheries Program in NE Asia Tom Asakawa NOAA in Tokyo Supports shows across NE Asia Tomohiro.Asakawa@trade.gov Shows he supports Seoul Seafood Show on April 18-20 in Seoul, Korea One week before a big seafood show in Europe Food Taipei in Taipei, Taiwan on June 26-29
Urbanization 2001 36.7% 2015 49.9% How did we get here? Migration 2000-2025 400 M from country to city Newly Emerging Markets Top 14 = 50% US exports Middle Class Surge (Income $4,800-$12,000) 2009 5% of population 2020 40% of population
Countries with highest GDP and trends Source EIU Data Tool
CHINA NOW - CHALLENGES Education State schools-no funding for migrant students 77M students of migrant workers 58M in countryside 19M in city
Great Leap Forward 1958-1961 Old China Famine Killed 30 million the greatest in human history Cultural Revolution 1966-1976 Self Criticisms Closing of schools Deng Xiaoping 1978 Reform and Opening Policy 235 million left poverty since The refrain when I first went to China, it was like
New China 20-year olds have known nothing but upward mobility Luxury goods hot from caviar to Harley-Davidson to Louis Vuitton Western brands sell Hypermarkets and retail chains booming along with new construction Information is available web sites, Weibo, journals, personal interaction
12TH FIVE YEAR PLAN Restructure Economy From Fixed Asset Investment to => Consumption Basic Manufacturing Up Value Chain Promote Domestic Market Growth Promote Social Equality Income Imbalance Poor Regions Economic Growth Protect Environment Lower Emissions per Unit GDP More Renewable/Non-Fossil Fuel Energy
Practical Tips Understand the Market View China as many different markets Consider Regulations and Standards Visit often mind the shop Protect Your Interests Due diligence Register IP Seek legal counsel Exit strategy Realistic Expectations Avoid Chinaforia Overnight success is uncommon If it sounds too good.
YOUR GLOBAL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT TEAM 19 Cities 5 CS Offices > 100 Staff 14 Second Tier Cities
Due Diligence Services www.export.gov/china/contactus International Company Profile (ICP) $600: A comprehensive report on a company, its verifiable registration and structure, as well as known shareholders and banking relationships. (Normal: 20 business days; Express: 10 business days) Perhaps it is too simple, but You should also ask for references, Ask about prior international transactions, Use Google check Hoovers, KOMPASS, or D&B A simple conversation with an expert is invaluable
Protecting your Intellectual Property Are you anxious? Concern yourself with the details Talk to experts Dept of Commerce Experts In DC What can $2,000 do for me Raquel Cohen and Janice Wingo In Shanghai Jared Ragland USPTO Attaché
Territoriality Registrations of patents, trademarks, and copyrights are good only in the country in which they are registered. Rights stop at the border. This means that these rights must be secured on a country-bycountry basis. U.S: First to USE / INVENT until 2011 (n.b. AIA) China: First to FILE U.S. Patents and Trademarks: www.uspto.gov U.S. Copyrights: www.copyright.gov Chinese Patents: http://www.sipo.gov.cn Chinese Trademarks: http://sbj.saic.gov.cn Chinese Copyrights: http://www.ncac.gov.cn 21
Protecting your IP Trademarks Registration Tips for Protecting Your Trademarks Do a trademark search Have the trademark registered in the local language, for example, Chinese characters and English Secure other rights such as domain names and company names Hire a local Law Firm to assist you in filing the trademark applications
USG Help for IPR Rights Holders What we can do: Help companies navigate through a country s legal system. Provide list of attorneys and/or consulting firms. Monitor and inquire about case status. What We Can t Do: Provide legal advice. Advocate on behalf of a company where the company has not pursued legal action. Try to influence the result of a case under adjudication.
USG Resources Available to Assist U.S. Companies www.stopfakes.gov Central resource for USG IPR assistance and tools 1 (866) 999-HALT Multi-agency effort involving: Department of Commerce Department of Justice Department of Homeland Security 24
IPR Webinar Series Enforcement https://downloads.mymeetings.com/netreplay/2011/november/pw8853000/ PW8853000.wmv USER NAME: PW8853000 Trademark PASSWORD: LEADER https://downloads.mymeetings.com/netreplay/2011/march/pw2899974/pw2 899974.wmv Patent USER NAME: PW2899974 PASSWORD: LEADER https://downloads.mymeetings.com/netreplay/2011/august/pw5223765/pw5 223765.wmv USER NAME: PW5223765 Alibaba/Taobao PASSWORD: LEADER https://downloads.mymeetings.com/netreplay/2012/january/pw2361367/pw 2361367.wmv USER NAME: PW2361367 PASSWORD: LEADER
U.S. Embassy, Beijing, China: IPR Information Toolkit http://beijing.usembassy-china.org.cn/ipr.html 26
SME China IPR Advisory Program The U.S. Department of Commerce, in cooperation with the American Bar Association, the National Association of Manufacturers, and the American Chamber of Commerce in China, have established a China Intellectual Property Rights Advisory Program. Through this program, American small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can request a free, one-hour consultation with a volunteer attorney experienced in both IPR issues and the Chinese market to learn how to protect and enforce intellectual property rights (IPR) To request a free consultation with a volunteer attorney or obtain additional information regarding this program, please visit the American Bar Association website at http://www.abanet.org/intlaw/intlproj/iprprogram.html.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement National IPR Coordination Center http://www.ice.gov/iprcenter/ Customs/Border-control authorities Develop and maintain recordation system Copyrights, Trademarks, Other IP rights Investigate complaints from private sector/rights holders Track importers activities Track other shipments of same products / from same ports Track Infringement to Its Source 28
U.S. Customs and Border Protection e-recordation website for recording registered trademarks and copyrights https://apps.cbp.gov/e-recordations/ 29
Cultural Matters Business Cards Decisions with limited information Business Relationships Invites to the home
Contact Info Matthew Quigley International Trade Specialist 202.482.8006 matthew.quigley@trade.gov