Fundamental Beliefs in the Divine Glossary of Terms Ahl al-sunnah wal-jam ah: People of the Sunnah and Community Akbar: Major Akhirah: Hereafter Al-Akhir: The Last Al-Awwal: The First Al-Hashr: The Gathering Place Al-Haqqah: The Real Event Al-Lawh al-mahfuz: The Preserved Tablet Al-Sa ah: The Hour Al-Waqi ah: The Inevitable Event Amanah: Trustworthiness Aqidah: Islamic Theology Aql: Reason; Intelligence Arsh; Throne Asghar: Minor Awliya: Friends of Allah Most High Ayat al-kursi: The Verse of the Throne Baqa : Endless Eternality Barakah: Blessing Barzakh: Intermediate Realm Basar: Seeing 1
Dajjal: Antichrist Deen: Religion Fasiq: Disobedient; Sinner Fatanah: Intelligence Fatwa: Legal ruling issued by a Jurist Fiqh: Islamic Jurisprudence Ghayb: Unseen Ghina: Self-subsistence; enriched Hadith Qudsi: Words of Allah Most High that are narrated by the Prophet (Allah bless him and grant him peace) Hadith: Statements of the Prophet (Allah bless him and grant him peace), his actions, and his consent Hayat: Life Ibadah: Worship Iblis: Satan Ihsan: Spiritual excellence; to Worship Allah Most High as if you see Him, knowing that even if you do not see Him, He sees you Ijma : Consensus Ijtihad: the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the legal sources, the Qur'an and the Sunnah Ikhlas: Sincerity ilm: Knowledge Iman: True Faith Injil: Bible; Revelation sent to Prophet Isa (peace be upon him) Irada: Will Irhas: An extraordinary event that happens prior to the claim of prophethood. Isal al-thawab: Sending reward to the dead Islam: Submission; to surrender and submit to the Commands of Allah Most High Isnad: Train of transmission of a tradition Isra: Night Journey Istidraj: An extraordinary event that happens to a blasphemous and sinful person. 2
Kafir: Disbeliever Kalam: Speech Karamat: Miracle of Divine favour Khabar Wahid: Transmission by lone narrators Khutbah: A talk or sermon delivered in mosques before the Friday prayer, or at other special occasions. Kufr: Disbelief Madhab: School of Sacred Law. There are four major schools of law within mainstream, Sunni Islam (Hanafi, Shafi, Maliki and Hanbali) Maqdur: Object of Power Masmu at: Everything that can be heard Mi raj: Ascension Mubsarat: Everything that can be seen Mu jizat: Inimitable Miracle Mu min: Believer Mukhalafatun lil-hawadith: His Absolute differentiation from that which is created Mumkin or Ja iz al-wujud: Contingently or Possibly Existent Munafiq: Hypocrite Mushrik: Someone who attributes partners to Allah Mustahil or Mumtani al-wujud: Impossible Being Nabi: Prophet Nifaq: Hypocrisy Nubuwwat: Functions of Prophethood Qada : His Foreknowledge of events prior to their occurrence Qadar: His bringing into Existence those events in accordance with how He knows them to be Qalam: the Pen Qidam: Beginningless Eternality Qiyam bi-nafsih: His Subsistence by Himself Qudrah: Power; Ability 3
Rasul: Messenger Rida: Contentment; Pleasure Risalah: Message Riya : Ostentation Ruh: Spirit Sahabah: Companions of the Prophet (saw) Sama : Hearing Shafa ah: Intercession Shari ah: Sacred Law based on the Qur an and Sunnah and the traditions of the Holy Prophet (Allah bless him and grant him peace) Shirk: Polytheism Shirk al-aghrad: Shirk of motivation Shirk al-asbab: Shirk of means Shirk al-istiqlal: Shirk of the establishment of independent deities Shirk al-tab id: Shirk of composition Shirk al-taqlid: Shirk of blind-following Shirk al-taqrib: Shirk of agents or intermediaries Sifat: Attributes Sirat: Bridge Suhuf: Scriptures Sunnah: the Practice of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and grant him peace) Tabi in: Followers Tabligh: Propogation Tahajjud: Voluntary prayer at night, between Isha and Fajr prayers Takhsis: Specification Taqdir: Decree Tartib: Order Tawakkul: Absolute trust in Allah Most High Tawfiq: Divine Guidance Tawhid: Divine Oneness 4
Tawrah: Torah; Revelation sent to Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) Ulama: Scholars Ummah: The whole community of Muslims Usul al-fiqh: the Principles of Jurisprudence Wahdaniyyah: Oneness Wahid: One Wahy: Revelation Wajib: Necessary Wajib al-wujud: Necessarily Existent Wujud: Existence Yawm: Day Yawm al-ba th: The day of Resurrection Yawm al-deen: The day of Recompense Yawm al-hisab: The day of Reckoning Zabur: Psalms; Revelation sent to Prophet Dawud (peace be upon him) Zulm: Oppression 5