koniec wykładu IV
MIB-2 mib-2 (1) [1.3.6.1.2.1] system (1) interfaces (2) at (3) ip (4) icmp (5) tcp (6) udp (7) egp (8) transmission (10) snmp (11) tcpinerrs OBJECT- TYPE SYNTAX Counter ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION ::= { tcp 14 } 1.3.6.1.2.1.6.14.0 S1 S2 S3 LA1 LA2 LA3 LP1 RA1 RP1 LP2 RA2 RP2 LP3 RA3 RP3 1.3.6.1.2.1.6.13.1.2.LA2.LP2.RA2.RP2 tcprtoalgorithm (1) tcpretransseg (12) tcpconntable (13) tcpconnentry (1) tcpconnstate (1) tcpconnlocaladdress (2) tcpconnlocalport(3) tcpconnremaddress (4) tcpconnremport (5) tcpinerrs (14) tcpoutrsts (15) tcpconntable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF TcpConnEntry ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION ::= { tcp 13 } tcpconnentry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX TcpConnEntry ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION INDEX { tcpconnlocaladdress, tcpconnlocalport, tcpconnremaddress, tcpconnremport } ::= { tcpconntable 1 }...
SNMP SMI Structure of Management Information
SMI - normalizacja SMIv1 Structure and identification of management information for TCP/IP-based internets RFC 1065 1988, RFC 1155 1990 Concise MIB definitions RFC 1212 1991 Convention for defining traps for use with the SNMP RFC 1215 1991 SMIv2 Structure of Management Information for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2) RFC 1442 1993, RFC 1902 1996, RFC 2578 1999 Textual Conventions for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2) RFC 1443 1993, RFC 1903 1996, RFC 2579-1999
SMI typy podstawowe Application-wide INTEGER (-2147483648..2147483647) OCTET STRING(size(0..65535)) OBJECT IDENTIFIER Defined types Integer32 ::= INTEGER (-2147483648..2147483647) IpAddress ::= OCTET STRING (SIZE (4)) Counter32 ::= INTEGER (0..4294967295) Gauge32 ::= INTEGER (0..4294967295) Unsigned32 ::= INTEGER (0..4294967295) TimeTicks ::= INTEGER (0..4294967295) Opaque ::= OCTET STRING Counter64 ::= INTEGER (0..18446744073709551615)
SMIv2 struktura definicji MIB metka modułu (Module Identity) LAST-UPDATED UtcTime ORGANIZATION text CONTACT text DESCRIPTION text Revisions odwołania do zewnętrznych modułów (IMPORTS) definicje typów (Textual Conventions) definicje obiektów (Object Type) definicje meldunków (Notification Type)
RFC 2578 - TEXTUAL-CONVENTION InstancePointer ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION STATUS obsolete DESCRIPTION "A pointer to either a specific instance of a MIB object or a conceptual row of a MIB table in the managed device. In the latter case, by convention, it is the name of the particular instance of the first accessible columnar object in the conceptual row. The two uses of this textual convention are replaced by VariablePointer and RowPointer, respectively." SYNTAX OBJECT IDENTIFIER VariablePointer ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A pointer to a specific object instance. For example, syscontact.0 or ifinoctets.3." SYNTAX OBJECT IDENTIFIER
OBJECT-TYPE - sysuptime mib-2 (1) [1.3.6.1.2.1] system (1) interfaces (2) at (3) ip (4) icmp (5) tcp (6) udp (7) egp (8) transmission (10) snmp (11) 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3 sysuptime OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Time-Ticks ACCESS read-only STATUS current (dawnej mandatory) DESCRIPTION Time since the network management portion of the system was last re-initialised. ::= {system 3}
OBJECT-TYPE ipnettomediatable (1) mib-2 (1) [1.3.6.1.2.1] system (1) interfaces (2) at (3) ip (4) icmp (5) tcp (6) udp (7) egp (8) transmission (10) snmp (11) ipnettomediatable (22) ipnettomediaentry (1) ipnettomediaifindex (1) ipnettomediaphysaddress (2) ipnettomedianetaddress (3) ipnettomediatype (4) ipnettomediatable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF IpNetToMediaEntry ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current (dawnej mandatory) DESCRIPTION "The IP Address Translation table used for mapping from IP addresses to physical addresses." ::= { ip 22 }
NOTIFICATION-TYPE 1.3.6. internet (1) mgmt( 2) mib-2 (1) snmpv2(6) snmpmodules (3) snmpmib(1) linkup NOTIFICATION-TYPE OBJECTS { ifindex } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A linkup trap signifies that the SNMPv2 entity, acting in an agent role, recognizes that one of the communication links represented in its configuration has come up." ::= { snmptraps 4 } snmpmibobjects(1) snmptraps(5) linkup(4) 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.4
MPLS Multi-protocol Label Switching
wybrane (z ponad 100) dokumenty RFC MPLS RFC3031 Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture January 2001 RFC3032 MPLS Label Stack Encoding January 2001 sygnalizacja VPN RFC3209 RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP Tunnels December 2001 RFC5036 LDP Specification L. Andersson October 2012 RFC3214 LSP Modification Using CR-LDP January 2002 RFC3107 Carrying Label Information in BGP-4 May 2001 RFC4364 BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) February 2006 RFC4365 Applicability Statement for BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) February 2006 RFC2917 A Core MPLS IP VPN Architecture September 2000
IP forwarding -- FIB longest match prefix out prefix out 47.1 1 47.2 2 47.3 3 1 IP 47.1.1.1 3 prefix out 47.1 1 47.2 2 47.3 3 1 47.1 IP 47.1.1.1 47.3 47.1 1 47.2 2 47.3 3 3 IP 47.1.1.1 1 3 2 2 47.2 IP 47.1.1.1 2 IP IP IP
mpls forwarding prefix out prefix FEC 47.1 A 47.2 B FEC A B out 1 1 label 100 200 47.3 IP 47.1.1.1 3 2 in 3 3 100 2 1 label 100 200 3 out 1 2 label x 400 1 2 2 x 1 in 3 label x 3 47.1 1 47.2 2 47.3 3 1 2 47.1 IP 47.1.1.1 47.2 IP IP IP MPLS MPLS MPLS
etykieta MPLS Ethernet, PPP ramka warstwy 2 payload L 1 L N pakiet IP label exp s TTL label [20] exp [3] - experimental (DSCPs różne opcje kodowania) s [1] - bottom of the stack TTL [8] - Time To Live
label merging (ii) 6 17 15 17 15 13
tunele MPLS (i) P 1 PE 2 P 2 PE 1 PE 3 P 3 router wewnętrzny musi utrzymywać FT entry dla każdego wirtualnego łącza (ścieżki MPLS) - słaba skalowalność jak ograniczyć liczbę wierszy? umieścić łącza w tunelach
tunele MPLS (ii) CE B1 CE B2 6 PE A 17 12 P 15 12 PE B CE A2 13 17 22 15 22 CE A1
konfigurowanie LSP via SNMP NMS NMS 47.1 (MIB) 47.3 2 47.2 A
koniec wykładu V