Advanced Polyalphaolefins SpectraSyn Ultra
What is SpectraSyn Ultra PAO? An unique molecular structure which results in improved high viscosity, high VI PAO basestocks Provide more stable viscosity / film thickness vs. temperature profile, excellent shear stability, and lower traction Opportunities for Improved equipment protection at: High load H3C CH H2 C CH H2 C CH H2 C CH H2 C High temperature Low temperature H 2C CH 2 Reduced energy consumption from: Viscous churning CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 Internal traction 2
SpectraSyn Ultra Product Line SpectraSyn Ultra 150 300 1000 Kinematic Viscosity @100 C, mm 2 /s (cst) 150 300 1,000 Kinematic Viscosity @40 C, mm 2 /s (cst) 1,500 3,100 10,000 Viscosity Index 218 241 307 Brookfield Viscosity @25 C, mpa-s (cp) 2,900 6,200 24,000 Pour Point, C -33-27 -18 Surface Tension@24 C, mn/m 30.7 30.4 30.2 Specific Gravity @15.6/15.6 C 0.850 0.852 0.855 Flash Point, Open Cup, C >265 >265 >265 Total Acid Number, mg KOH/g <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 Wide Wide range range of of viscosities with with high high VI VI and and improved pour pour point. point. 3
Improved Industrial Viscosity Grade Blends Available 250-20 Viscosity Index 200 150 100 50 Pour Point, Deg C -30-40 -50-60 0 10 100 1000 10000 Kinematic Viscosity @ 40C, cst - Conventional PAO Blend -70 10 100 1000 10000 Kinematic Viscosity @ 40C, cst - SpectraSyn Ultra Blend SpectraSyn Ultra Blends Offer a Wide Viscosity / Temperature Profile Viscosity ranges from ISO VG 32 - ISO VG 1500 High Viscosity Indices, 160 220 Very low pour points, -35 to -60ºC, when blended with low viscosity PAO 4
SpectraSyn Ultra TM PAO s Can Provide Shear Stable ISO 22 Hydraulic Fluid with VI Greater than 200 250 Viscosity Index 200 150 100 50 Mineral Oil 4 cst PAO 100 cst PAO Blend SpectraSyn Ultra 150 Blend SpectraSyn Ultra 300 Blend SpectraSyn Ultra 1000 Blend SpectraSyn Ultra can provide very high VI / low viscosity lubricants by blending with SpectraSyn 2 PAO. 5
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication (EHL) Regime EHL occurs in rolling bearings, gears, and cams, where small contacts lead to very high local pressures (>1 GPa). Such high pressures cause the contacts to flatten elastically. In addition, lubricant viscosity increases exponentially with pressure and this allows a thin film (~1 µm) of lubricant to protect the surfaces. Under very thin EHL film conditions, the unique molecular structure of SpectraSyn Ultra provides a film thickness boost which reduces metal-to-metal contact and protects against wear. 6
SpectraSyn Ultra Improves EHL Film Thickness 1000 ISO VG 22 Synthetic Oil Lubricant film thickness as measured in a point contact (ball on disk) test rig demonstrates the benefits of SpectraSynTM Ultra Film Thickness (nm) 100 10 ISO VG 22 with 2% SpectraSyn TM Ultra 150 ISO VG 22 with 0% Spectrasyn TM Ultra 150 Theoretical film thickness 1 0.01 0.10 1.00 10.0 Speed (m/sec) SpectraSyn Ultra TM formulations provide additional film thickness thereby reducing friction, heat, and wear. Significance of enhanced EHL film thickness; Delays transition to boundary lubrication in valve train contacts Protects against wear by reducing local surface contact May also reduce boundary friction and 7 increase valve train efficiency
SpectraSyn Ultra Benefits Passenger Car Lubricants Cam Lobe Wear, µm Synthetic 0W30 Sequence VE Wear Test 500 415 400 300 189 200 100 28 18 0 Max Average 0% SpectraSyn Ultra 150 2% SpectraSyn Ultra 150 Sequence VE Wear Test 288 hour gasoline engine test involving 72 cycles Simulates moderate-temperature taxicab service, delivery service, and job commuting service Fuel-injected Ford 2.3 liter gasoline engine with overhead camshaft, slider follower design Engine oil category specifications for this test include: API SG, SH, SI ILSAC GF-1, GF-2, GF-3 MIL-L-21260D, MIL-L-46167B SpectraSyn Ultra reduces wear by over 75% in key engine test. 8
SpectraSyn Ultra Benefits Heavy Duty Engine Lubricants Roller Follower Wear Test Roller Follower Wear (mils) 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 Group I Group II Max Test Limit 0% SpectraSyn Ultra Tests Tests indicate indicate 20-30% 20-30% wear wear reduction reductionin in heavy heavy duty duty engines engines from from using using SpectraSyn SpectraSyn Ultra Ultra 150 150 with with Group Group I I and and Group Group II II formulations. formulations. This Roller follower wear test is the GM 6.5L engine test and is part of: API CG-4, API CH-4, API CI-4 specifications 8% SpectraSyn Ultra 150 9
SpectraSyn Ultra PAOs have lower traction Maximum Shear Stress (psi) 20000 15000 10000 5000 Lower Traction 0 100000 150000 200000 250000 Maximum Contact Stress (psi) Scuffing Hypothesis: Scuffing occurs when Frictional Power Intensity (FPI) exceeds critical limit. FPI = (Traction)*(Power)*(V 2 -V 1 ) 2*A*λ 10 Note: Maximum shear stress is the maximum traction force divided by the contact area Mineral Oil Conventional PAO SpectraSyn Ultra PAO SpectraSyn Ultra - low traction may increase allowable gear loading / reduce scuffing & improve gear durability
SpectraSyn Ultra PAO can increase HTHSR Viscosity 0% SpectraSyn Ultra 3.5 % SpectraSyn Ultra 150 added 2% - 5% SpectraSyn Ultra 150 HTHSR Viscosity, cp 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 5% 2% 2.8 10W30 Group III 5W30 Group III % Viscosity Increase 12.6% 4.7% SpectraSyn Ultra PAO can increase High Temperature High Shear Retention (HTHSR) viscosity while maintaining nearly constant kinematic viscosity and CCS Increases hydrodynamic bearing lubricant film thickness under load Reduces wear 11
SpectraSyn Ultra based Hi VI ISO VG 220 Gear Oil High VI Good Shear Stability 210 100 200 190 180 170 160 150 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 SpectraSyn Ultra high VI industrial gear oils provide more consistent viscosity over wide range of temperatures with good shear stability. 12 Viscosity Index KRL % Viscosity Retained after 20 hours SpectraSyn Ultra 150 SpectraSyn Ultra 300 PIB PMMA SpectraSyn Ultra 150 SpectraSyn Ultra 300 PIB PMMA
SpectraSyn Ultra based Hi VI ISO VG 220 Gear Oil 300000 Excellent Low Temperature Viscosity -20 Outstanding Pour Point B ro o k field V isc o sity @ -40 C, cp 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 SpectraSyn Ultra 150 SpectraSyn Ultra 300 PIB PMMA Pour Point, C -23-26 -29-32 -35-38 -41-44 -47 SpectraSyn Ultra 150 SpectraSyn Ultra 300 PIB PMMA 0-50 SpectraSyn Ultra provides significant low temperature advantages compared to alternative high viscosity modifiers. 13
SpectraSyn Ultra PAOs Have Low Surface Tension 34.0 Surface Tension, mn/m 33.0 32.0 31.0 30.0 29.0 28.0 PAO PIB SpectraSyn Ultra 27.0 1 10 100 1000 10000 Kinematic Viscosity @100 C, cst Low surface tension of SpectraSyn Ultra results in less foaming. 14
SpectraSyn Ultra Provides Good Air Release Air Release Screener Test Results of ISO VG 220 Blends (PAO6 base) 30 25 20 15 10 5 Air Release, minutes 0 SpectraSyn 40 SpectraSyn 100 SpectraSyn Ultra 150 SpectraSyn Ultra 300 SpectraSyn Ultra 1000 15
SpectraSyn Ultra Has Lower Foaming Tendency 40 Mixmaster Foam Test Results at Room Temperature (No defoamant) 35 30 % Volume Increase SpectraSyn Ultra 150 25 20 15 10 5 0-5 Bright Stock 40 cst PAO 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Time After Mixing, min. Foaming is an undesirable characteristic of lubricants. Excessive foaming can lead to lubricant escaping from reservoir. 16
SpectraSyn Ultra Maintains Low Foam Capabilities Over Time 60 Mixmaster Foam Test Results for ISO VG 460 SpectraSyn with Defoamant, Aged (50h) % Volume Increase 40 20 0 SpectraSyn Ultra with Defoamant, Aged (90h) 0 20 40 60 80 100 Time After Mixing, min. Aged lubricants continue to have lower foaming tendency when formulated with SpectraSyn Ultra. 17
Key Benefits of SpectraSyn Ultra High VI PAO Wide Viscosity Range Blends Possible ISO VG 32 to ISO VG 1500 Low Pour Point Blends -60º C to -35º C High Viscosity Index 160-220 VI basestocks Improves high temperature film thickness Excellent Shear Stability 95% viscosity retention @ 20 hour TRB (ISO VG 220) Excellent Low Temperature Fluidity Brookfield Viscosities < 100,000 cp @ -40º C (ISO VG 220) Reduces low temperature viscous drag losses Low Traction ~ 30% lower traction at high contact stress than conventional PAO May help reduce - Scuffing - Micro-pitting - Load dependent losses SpectraSyn Ultra High VI PAO - Synthetic lubricant basestocks for the next generation industrial lubricants 18
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