Cr-Mn Austenitic Stainless Steels

REDEFINING VALUES IN STAINLESS STEEL Cr-Mn Austenitic Stainless Steels Cost Effective Alternative to 18/8 Type AISI-304

C M Y K The Group The Jindal Group, over the last three decades, has emerged as one of India s most dynamic business groups. Founded by Mr. O. P. Jindal, the Group today is a multi-billion, multi-location, multinational and multi-product steel conglomerate. From mining of iron ore, the Group produces various products in steel and stainless steel, including cold rolled sheets / coils, galvanized sheets / coils, hot rolled plates, hot rolled coils, submerged arc-welded pipes, hot rolled plates, billets, rails, seamless tubes, sponge iron, ferro alloys and other value added products. It has also diversified in areas such as industrial gases, power generation and maritime infrastructure. The Group s strength lies in its constituent companies, each one of which is committed to consolidate its core strength and excel in their respective areas of operation. The Group comprises of Jindal Stainless Ltd., Austenitic Creations Ltd., Jindal Architecture Ltd., Jindal Stainless Steelway Ltd., PT Jindal Stainless Indonesia, Jindal Saw Ltd., Jindal United Steel Inc. (USA), Saw Pipes Inc. (USA), JSW Steel Ltd., Jindal Thermal Power Company Ltd., South West Port Ltd., Jindal Praxair Oxygen Company Pvt. Ltd., Southern Iron & Steel Company Ltd. and Jindal Steel & Power Ltd. The Jindal Group has manufacturing units across India, US, Indonesia and marketing offices across the globe. The Group today has become a global player, with its products accessing even the remotest global markets. It s turnover in 2005 was more than $4 billion with over $1 billion in exports. The Group is committed to maintain world-class quality standards, efficient delivery schedules, competitive pricing and excellent after sales service. The Group s relentless quest for excellence has reaped rich benefits and it is today reckoned as one of the world s most admired and respected groups within the steel fraternity.

The Group echoes values pertinent to a progressive state, promoting and practicing actions beyond mere statutory compliance. As part of sharing social responsibility, the thrust areas have been: Environment Protection & Management, promoting Healthcare & Education, Women s Upliftment, Rural Development and Village Adoption. The Group is committed towards the development of its people and the communities in which it operates. The technology-driven Group employs over 20,000 people across the globe and aspires to create benchmarks for the industry world over. The Group s philosophy on corporate governance envisages the alignment of the highest levels of transparency, accountability and equity, in all facets of its operations and in all its interactions with its stakeholders including shareholders, employees and government. The Group believes that all its operations and actions must serve the underlying goal of enhancing overall shareholders value, over a sustained period of time. Growth has been a way of life for the Jindal Group and its motto all along has been Growth with a social conscience. The Group is expanding, integrating, amalgamating and growing. 3

C M Y K Jindal Stainless Jindal Stainless Ltd., (JSL) is the flagship company of the Jindal Group. Started in 1970, Jindal Stainless, is India s largest integrated manufacturer of international-quality stainless steel flat products in Austenitic, Ferritic, and Martensitic grades with a strong export market, while catering to over 40% of the Indian market. The success story of Jindal Stainless is crafted by its fully integrated operations, with backward integration starting from mining, melting, casting, hot rolling to cold rolling. The product range includes stainless steel slabs and blooms, hot rolled coils, plates and cold rolled coils/sheets. Jindal Stainless has always been committed to innovation and progression, research and development. Its innovations are admired beyond the geographical boundaries of the country and recognized globally. The Company s achievements narrate a story of determination to succeed and a passion to lead. Hisar plant (Haryana, India) The plant at Hisar has an annual melting and hot rolling capacity of 600,000 MT and is ISO: 9001, ISO: 14001 & OHSAS 18001 certified, indicating the commitment to quality, safety, health and environment. The plant also houses an exclusive complex for manufacturing stainless steel cold rolled coils, precision strips and coin blanking. As part of expansion plan, the plant capacity is further being expanded to 720,000 MT.

Ferro Chrome Operations Vizag plant (Andhra Pradesh, India) The Ferro alloys plant at Vizag has an installed capacity of 40,000 MT per annum to produce high carbon ferro chrome. Orissa plant (Orissa, India) In the 1st phase of operation, 2x60 MVA ferro chrome furnaces have already been installed and are operational. Greenfield Project (Orissa, India) The Company is also in process of setting up of a 1.6 million tons integrated stainless steel plant in Orissa, which would be the largest single location fully integrated stainless steel plant in the world. PT Jindal Stainless (Indonesia) The acquisition of 60,000 MT stainless steel cold rolling plant from Maspion Stainless has enhanced the global presence for the Company and has also helped to cater to South East Asian markets. Jindal Stainless Steelway Ltd. A joint initiative with Steelway s.r.l. of Italy, the service center provides customised products and distribution services in stainless steel to meet specific requirements of slitting / CTL / blanks, for the customers in the consumer durable, automotive segments and also supplies to other OEM s. The stateof-the art facility near Gurgaon, Haryana, India, houses high-end precision slitting, cut to length, blanking and polishing lines. Jindal Architecture Ltd. (arc) To expand the horizon of applications of stainless steel, arc provides practical and aesthetical solutions in design, fabrication and installation services related to stainless steel products in architecture, building and construction segments. Austenitic Creations Pvt Ltd. (artd inox) Placing stainless steel in a fashionable way, artd inox offers a range of exquisite lifestyle products in stainless steel, which are contemporary in design, blended with elegance and style. 5

C M Y K 200 series A cost-effective quality solution with grades which exhibit good strength, corrosion resistance and formability. J-series Stainless Steels have been developed as a cost-effective alternative to 18/8 type (304) grade for certain applications. These grades contains Chromium (15.5%-19%), Nickel(1.0%- 5.0%) along with appropriate combination of Manganese, Copper and Nitrogen. Jindal Stainless is the largest producer of Chrome - Manganese stainless steel in the world. It supplies grades JSL AUS (201 Modified), J201 (UNS S20100), J4 (S20430 Modified) -and J204Cu (UNS S20430). All these grades have austenitic structure in annealed condition at ambient temperature, provide higher strength, excellent formability, weldability and good corrosion resistance similar to 18/8 (304) stainless steel in a variety of mild corrosive media. Addition of Copper enhances drawability, formability, reduces work hardening rate and also increases corrosion resistance in certain environment.

Merits of 200 series, JSL grades Performance 304 301 J201 JSL AUS J204Cu J4 (UNS S30400) (UNS S30100) (UNS S20100) (201 Modified) (UNS S20430) (S20430 Modified) Strength Good Slightly Better Slightly Better Slightly Better Slightly Better Slightly Better Formability Slightly Better Good Good Slightly Better Slightly Better Good Weldability Slightly Better Slightly Better Good Slightly Better Good Good Corrosion Crevice Slightly Better Good Good Good Good Good Pitting Slightly Better Good Good Good Good Good 7

JSL AUS (201 Modified) Versatile alternative for multiple applications Jindal Stainless Steel type JSL AUS (201 Modified) is a Chrome-Manganese-Nickel (min. 4% Nickel) Austenitic Stainless Steel grade. Modest amount of Nitrogen added to this steel results in higher annealed strength than AISI-304. However, Copper addition reduces work hardening rate to facilitate cold working/forming. The alloy is non-magnetic in annealed condition and like AISI-304 becomes mildly magnetic after cold working. Cold forming characteristics are superior to AISI-201 and the chemistry is so optimised as to achieve drawability similar to AISI-304. JSL AUS is being used for many applications where type AISI-304 was traditionally chosen. JSL AUS is relatively economical compared to AISI-304, having formability and weldability comparable to AISI-304. The mechanical properties vary considerably depending upon the amount of cold work introduced. The strength of JSL AUS is slightly higher than conventional austenitic steel (such as type 304). Considering its lower cost JSL AUS can replace conventional AISI-304 in a wide range of applications. Fabrication Welding Type JSL AUS can be welded by all conventional methods applied to 304 type of austenitic stainless steel. Filler wires or electrodes of the conventional Chromium-Nickel 300 series can be used. Its susceptibility to intergranular corrosion in weld heataffected zone is analogous to AISI-304. Cold Forming C M Y K JSL AUS is very tough, ductile and readily amenable to deep drawing, bending, stretch forming and spinning.

Typical applications for JSL AUS (201 Modified) Catering and Food Processing Extra deep drawn utensils, Pressure cookers, Cook line, Hot food wells, Beverage dispensers. Consumer Durables Spin driers of Washing machines and Dish washers. Architecture Building and Construction Kitchen sinks, Elevators, Escalators, Door and window frames, Column claddings, Telephone booths, Steel furniture. Transport Automotive trim, Wheel caps, Wiper arms, Rims, Auto accessories, Truck parts, Cargo container, Bus bodies, Truck trailers and Rail cars. Industry Beer, Wine, Beverage and Dairy equipment, Food processing and Packing equipments. 9

C M Y K J201 (UNS S20100) An effective alternative Jindal Stainless Steel type J201 (UNS S20100) is a Chrome-Manganese-Nickel austenitic stainless steel similar in properties to AISI-301. J201 in annealed condition is having fully austenitic structure. J201 can be cold worked to its strength for applications where strength to weight factors are a consideration. The combination of high Manganese and Nitrogen and sufficient Nickel gives this alloy a superior combination of strength and toughness at ambient and cryogenic temperatures. J201 possesses good resistance to oxidation and is comparable to AISI- 301 up to 800º C. AISI-304 and JSL AUS would be expected to perform better in more severe deep drawing application, while J201 material will perform adequately in most deep drawing applications but J201 perform better than AISI-304 in more severe stretch forming applications. J201 is being used for many applications where type AISI-301 and 304 were traditionally chosen. J201 is relatively economical compared to AISI-301 and 304, having formability and weldability comparable to AISI-301. J201 is resistant to a wide variety of mild to moderately corrosive media. Fabrication Welding J201 can be welded by all type of conventional methods applied to 18/8 steels. Filler wires or electrodes of the conventional Chromium-Nickel 300 series can be used. Its susceptibility to intergranular corrosion in weld heat-affected zone is analogous to AISI-304. Cold Forming J201 is very tough, ductile and readily amenable to deep drawing, bending, stretch forming and spinning.

Typical applications for J201 (UNS S20100) Catering and Food Processing Extra deep drawn utensils, Pressure cookers, Cook line, Hot food wells, Beverage dispensers and Icemakers. Consumer Durables Spinning basket of Washing machines and Dish washers. Architecture Building and Construction Kitchen sinks, Elevators, Escalators, Door and window frames, Column claddings, Telephone booths, Steel furniture, Structural members, Thermal window spacers, Handrails, Structural support framework, Internal panels & roofing, Framework. Transport Automotive trim, Wheel caps, Wiper arms, Rims, Auto accessories, Truck parts, Cargo container, Bus bodies, Truck trailers, siding and roofing of Rail cars. Industry Beer, Wine, Beverage and dairy equipment, Food processing and packing equipments, Hose clamps and Piston rings. 11

C M Y K J4 (S20430 Modified) Efficient and affordable option Jindal Stainless J4 (S20430 Modified) Grade is a Chromium-Manganese austenitic stainless steel with moderate amount of Copper, Nickel and Nitrogen. Balancing of the alloying elements (austenitizers versus ferritizers) produces an austenitic structure in annealed condition even at sub zero temperatures. Manganese and Nitrogen additions render this grade more economical while endowing it with good strength and high formability making it highly suitable for a wide variety of consumer and structural applications. Significant cost saving can be achieved by switching products made from Chromium-Nickel grade 304 to J4. On account of its higher strength, it also provides some advantages over 304 grade in certain applications. Presence of Copper in this steel reduces work hardening rate and improves drawability. Nitrogen improves resistance to pitting corrosion. The alloy is non-magnetic in annealed condition like 304. Thus J4 can display a wide range of mechanical strength depending on the degree of cold working, which is essential for certain structural applications. Type J4 can be used both in fully annealed condition and in temper rolled as well as cold rolled condition. Fabrication Welding Type J4 can be welded by all conventional methods applied to 18/8 type of austenitic stainless steel. Filler wire or electrodes of the conventional Chromium-Nickel 300 series stainless steel can be used. Cold Forming Tough and ductile and readily amenable to drawing, bending, stretch forming and spinning.

Typical applications for J4 (S20430 Modified) Catering Shallow/medium drawn utensils, Tableware, Cutlery, Stands for water filters, In-house water tanks and Dog pots. Consumer Durables Steel furniture, Fruit stands, Flower vases, Decorative pipes and tubes, Gas stoves and Gift items. Architecture Building and Construction In-house panels, Handrails and structural support framework, Door knobs, Hinges and Dust bin. Transport Roll formed sections and Conveyors. Industrial Material handling equipment. 13

C M Y K J204Cu (UNS S20430) Widening application J204Cu (UNS S20430) is a Chrome-Manganese stainless steel belonging to 200 series of austenite stainless steel family with moderate amounts of Nickel, Copper and Nitrogen. Addition of Copper to austenitic stainless steel increases stacking fault energy, reduces work hardening rate and enhances formability. It improves corrosion resistance in certain media and stress corrosion cracking resistance. Nitrogen increases strength and pitting resistance of stainless steels. Manganese as austenite former replaces a part of Nickel and has beneficial effect on weldability. Consequently, J204Cu has a higher annealed strength, similar corrosion resistance in a variety of mild corrosive media and similar formability and weldability in comparison with 304. It can replace Type 304 in numerous applications where higher strength and lower cost is required. Fabrication Welding Type J204Cu can be welded by all conventional methods applied to 18/8 type of austenitic stainless steel. Filler wire or electrodes of the conventional Chromium-Nickel 300 series stainless steel can be used. Resistance to intergranular corrosion can be restored by post weld annealing treatment. Cold Forming J204Cu can readily be cold rolled, cold drawn and formed in similar manner as Type 304. J204Cu can take upto 80% cold reduction without intermediate annealing. It is less magnetic than 304 on cold working.

Typical applications for J204Cu (UNS S20430) Catering and Food Processing Deep drawn utensils, Cookware, Industrial kitchen equipment, Flasks, Milk cans, Ice and water dispensers, Water filters. Consumer Durables Toasters, Microwave ovens, Thermo wares, Baking ovens. Architecture Building and Construction Handrails for staircase, Elevators, Escalators, Internal panels, Springs, Door window frames, Thermal window spacers. Transport Structural material for vehicles. Industry Tobacco processing industry. 15

C M Y K Chemistry GRADE Elements %C %Mn %S %P %Si %Cr %Ni %N %Cu Fe AISI 304 (UNS S30400) AISI 301 (UNS S30100) Min. - - - - - 18 8 - - Balance Max. 0.08 2 0.03 0.045 0.75 20 10.5 0.1 - Balance Min. - - - - - 16 6 - - Balance Max. 0.15 2 0.03 0.045 1 18 8 0.1 - Balance J201 (UNS S20100) JSLAUS (201 Modified) Min. - 5.5 - - - 16 3.5 - - Balance Max. 0.08 7.5 0.005 0.06 0.75 18 5.5 0.15 - Balance Min. - 6 - - - 16 4-1.5 Balance Max. 0.08 8 0.005 0.06 0.75 18 6 0.1 2 Balance J204Cu (UNS S20430) J4 (S20430 Modified) Min. - 6.5 - - - 16 1.5 0.1 2 Balance Max. 0.1 9 0.005 0.06 0.75 17.5 3.5 0.2 4 Balance Min. - 8.5 - - - 15.5 1-1.5 Balance Max. 0.1 10 0.005 0.06 0.75 16.5 2 0.2 2 Balance Jindal Stainless Steels are refined by AOD/VOD process to achieve very low sulphur levels and high degree of cleanliness to exhibit superior corrosion resistance.

Mechanical properties GRADE UTS (Mpa) YS (Mpa) % Elongation Hardness Erichsen (HRB) Cupping Value AISI 304 (UNS S30400) AISI 301 (UNS S30100) Co. Std 515 min. 205 min. 40 min. 92max - Typical 620 260 56 83 12.8 Co. Std 515 min. 205 min. 40 min. 95 max. - Typical 800 285 50 88 12.3 J201 (UNS S20100) JSLAUS (201 Modified) Co. Std 515 min. 260 min. 40 min. 95 max. - Typical 730 370 55 93 12.3 Co. Std 620 min. 265 min. 40 min. 95 max. - Typical 690 310 56 89 12.8 J204Cu (UNS S20430) J4 (S20430 Modified) Co. Std 650 min. 310 min. 40 min. 100 max. - Typical 795 415 52 96 12.1 Co. Std 650 min. 325 min. 40 min. 100 max. - Typical 830 430 48 98 12.3 17

C M Y K Corrosion in various food application media Corrosion tests have been conducted in NaCl solution and organic acids present in food media. Sodium chloride solution was selected as one of the media as chloride ion is notorious for its ability to penetrate passive films and cause pitting. Sodium chloride is also a common ingredient in food preparations. The extreme situation in the case of brackish waters is the composition of sea water which carries 3% NaCl. Hence, this concentration of NaCl was taken up as a suitable medium for immersion test. Acetic acid is present in vinegar and it is common to use vinegar in kitchen. When milk deteriorates, lactic acid is produced. Hence, a mixture of lactic acid and acetic acid was chosen as the second medium. 10,000 parts per million (1%) of the organic acids is a very large concentration not met with in sour milk or vinegar. Hence, this high concentration taken as the limit was used for the tests with this acid mixture. Citric acid is commonly present in fruit juices and tartaric acid is an ingredient in tamarind extracts. Here again, the concentration of 10,000 PPM of a mixture of the two acids was chosen to get accelerated results.

Test Media 304 301 J201 JSL AUS J4 J204Cu (UNS (UNS (UNS (201 (S20430 (UNS S30400) S30100) S20100) Modified) Modified) S20430) 3% NaCl for 720 hrs at RT (25º C) A A A A A A 3% NaCl for 100 hrs at Boiling Temp. A A A A A A 0.5% Citric + 0.5 % Tartaric for 720 hrs at RT A A A A A A 0.5% Citric + 0.5 % Tartaric for 100 hrs Boiling A A A A A A 0.5% Acetic + 0.5% Lactic for 720 hrs at RT A A A A A A 0.5% Acetic + 0.5 % Lactic for 100 hrs at Boiling Temp A A A A A A A < 0.1 mmperyr B 0.1-1 mmperyr C 1-3 mmperyr D 3-10 mmperyr E > 10 mmperyr Intergranular corrosion test as per ASTM A 262- practice E Test Media 304 301 J201 JSL AUS J4 J204Cu (UNS (UNS (UNS (201 (S20430 (UNS S30400) S30100) S20100) Modified) Modified) S20430) Cu-CuSo 4 +16% H 2 So 4 Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Note: Grades JSL AUS (201 Modified), J201 (UNS S20100), J204Cu (UNS S20430) & J4 (S20430 Modified) however should not be used for external applications in coastal areas with medium to heavy rainfall. These grades are not recommended for handling/storage of acids and other highly corrosive industrial chemicals. 19

C M Y K Manufacturing range Product Thickness Width Length Surface Finish Edge (mm) (mm) (mm) Slab 160/200 600-1270 15000 As Cast & Ground - (max) Bloom 160x160/ 200x200-10000 As Cast & Ground - (max) Hot Rolled 4.0-50.0 1250 7000 Hot Rolled (Black) / Sheared / Sheet / Plate (max) (max) No. 1 (HR Annealed Plasma / Mill & Pickled) Hot Rolled Coil 2.8-6.5 1250 Coil Hot Rolled (Black) / Trim / Mill (max) No. 1 (HR Annealed & Pickled) Cold Rolled Coil 0.4-2.0 1000(max) Coil / Sheet (CR Annealed and Pickled Trim / Mill / 0.5-4.0 1250 (max) 2D/2B/No.3/No.4) Slitted Cold Rolled 0.05-0.5 600 (max) Coil 2B Trim / Mill / Precision Slitted Strips Dimensions can also be customised to meet specific requirements. These values are subject to change without prior notice.

Surface finishes Surface Definition Applications Finishes No. 1 Hot rolled, annealed, shot blasted Pipes, Tubing, General Fabrication and pickled. No. 2D Cold rolled annealed and pickled. Sinks, Automotive trims, Heat exchanger No. 2B Cold rolled, annealed, pickled Food industry, Cookware, Medical equipment, and skin passed. Construction material, White goods, Rail car, Trailer bodies No. 3 Cold rolled, annealed, pickled Kitchen equipments, Restaurants, Building and polished with 100 to 120 grit. construction, Medical equipment No. 4 Cold rolled, annealed pickled Restaurants, Kitchen utensils, Building construction, and polished with 150 to 180 grit. Medical equipment Scotch Very fine hairline finish generated Architectural purposes, Railway cabins, Elevator Brite by polishing with rolls made out interiors, Panelling, Kitchen appliances of scotch brite material. NOTICE: Information in this document is only for explanation of general characteristics and properties of JSL products, not for guarantee of the material. We have made all efforts to ensure accuracy of the information printed in this brochure, the use of information is at reader s risk and no warranty is implied or expressed by JSL with respect to the use of information contained herein. Technical information in this brochure is subject to change by environment condition and the purpose of use. 21

C M Y K Offices in India Chennai 4C, Century Plaza, 560-562 Anna Salai, Teynampet, Chennai - 600 018 Tel: +91 44 24313935 Fax: +91 44 24329146 e-mail: info.chennai@jindalsteel.com Delhi Jindal Centre, 12 Bhikaiji Cama Place, New Delhi - 110066 Tel: +91 11 26188340-50, 26188360-80 Fax: +91 11 26101562 / 41659169 e-mail: info@jindalsteel.com Gurgaon Plot No. 64, IInd Floor, Phase-IV, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon -122016 Tel: +91 124 5127700 Fax: +91 124 5127777 e-mail: info.gurgaon@jindalsteel.com Hyderabad Technopolis, 302/B, Begumpet, 1-10-74/B, Hyderabad-500016 Tel: +91 40 55209201, 55278326 Fax: +91 40 55209202 e-mail: info.hyderabad@jindalsteel.com Kolkata 41, Shakespeare Sarani, 3A, Duckback House, Kolkata - 700017 Tel: +91 33 22473616, 22477398, 22477721 Fax: +91 33 22476203 e-mail: info.kolkata@jindalsteel.com Mumbai 25C, Parmanandwari, Opp. Bank of Baroda, 11/43, Thakurdwar Road, Mumbai - 400002 Tel: +91 22 22092962 / 64 / 56304713 / 56307088 Fax: +91 22 56304715 e-mail: info.mumbai@jindalsteel.com Vadodara Ist Floor, BBC Towers, Sayajigunj, Vadodara - 390 005 Tel: +91 265 2225004/5 Fax: +91 265 2362162 e-mail: info.vadodara@jindalsteel.com

Global offices China (Guangzhou) Unit 1107, Zhengsheng Building, No. 5-9, Tien He Bei Road, Guangzhou, Pc: 510075, P. R. China Tel: +86 20 87558862 / 87558855 Fax: +86 20 87558856 e-mail: info.china@jindalsteel.com China (Wuxi) 2E, Hua Guang Building, 333, Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China, Pc: 214001 Tel: +86 510 2732291 Fax: +86 510 2737423 e-mail: info.china@jindalsteel.com Indonesia Indonesia Kawasan Industry Maspion, Maspion Unit-V Desa, Sukomylyo-Manyar, Gresik 61151, Jawa Timur-Indonesia Tel: +62 31 3959565 Fax: +62 31 3959566 e-mail: info.indonesia@jindalsteel.com Russia Kazanskaya, 46/12, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia Tel: +7 812 3123626 e-mail: info.russia@jindalsteel.com USA 4320, Winfield Road, Suite 200, Warrenville, IL, 60555 USA Tel: +1 630 8368764 Fax: +1 630 8368762 e-mail: info.usa@jindalsteel.com Vietnam 157A, Nguyen Van Thu St., Dist. 1, HCM City, Vietnam Tel: +84 8 8233 021 Fax: +84 8 8238 945 e-mail: info.vietnam@jindalsteel.com 23

C M Y K Jindal Stainless Ltd., Jindal Centre, 12 Bhikaiji Cama Place, New Delhi - 110066, Tel: +91 11 26188340-50, 26188360-80 Fax: +91 11 41659169/26101562 e-mail: info@jindalstainless.com website: www.jindalstainless.com