PSE4U UNIT 1: SPORTS-RELATED HEAD INJURIES DUE DATE: LATE PENALTY (-5% PER WEEK): K/U T/I C A FINAL MARK 10 10 10 32 62 PART A: BRAINSTORMING [T/I /10] [C /10] 1.) Construct a mind-map: research the amount of sports concussions taking place amongst sports athletes in various sports. [T/I /5] [C /5] Concussion Rates per Sport 1
2.) Construct a mind-map: identify 10 famous athletes who have had their careers shortened or otherwise impacted by concussions. [T/I /5] [C /5] Famous Sports Concussions 2
PART B: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS [K/U /10] 1.) A concussion is defined as? a.) a complex pathophysiological process that affects the brain, typically induced by trauma to the brain. b.) either a direct blow to the head, or an indirect blow to the body, causing neurological impairments that may resolve spontaneously. c.) all of the above. d.) none of the above. 2.) What statement is FALSE regarding age and concussion management? a.) There are distinct differences in age when it comes to managing sport related concussion. b.) Collegiate or profession athletes take longer to recover after a concussion when compared to high school athletes. c.) The frontal lobes of the human brain continue to develop until age 25. d.) The frontal lobes manage youth concussions very conservatively to ensure optimal neurological development and outcome. 3.) Imaging modalities like,, and are very effective in determining structural abnormalities in the brain after a traumatic injury. a.) x-ray, ultrasound, and Electroencephalography (EEG) b.) functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fmri), Computed Tomography (CT), and Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) c.) Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), and Computed Tomography (CT) d.) Computed Tomography (CT) scans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) 4.) Neuropsychological tests are designed to measure what types of cognitive skills and abilities? a.) Intelligence and problem solving. b.) Memory and concentration. c.) Impulse control and reaction time. d.) All of the above. 3
5.) Which statement is FALSE regarding risk factors for sustaining a sport-related concussion? a.) Males are more likely than their female counterparts to sustain a concussion. b.) Males tend to have more symptoms and require more time to recover than females. c.) All of the above. d.) Various neuroanatomical and biomechanical differences exist between the genders in sports that could contribute to these differences. 6.) What are some long-term consequences of multiple concussions? a.) It is imperative that a person fully recover from on concussion before risking a subsequent one. b.) Managing concussions requires specializes, comprehensive and state-of-the-art approaches. c.) Repetitive brain trauma does not disrupt the blood-brain barrier. d.) Both a.) and b.) 7.) Which statement is TRUE regarding concussions? a.) 20-50% of athletes will experience a concussion in any given sport season. b.) 22% of concussions occur during games. c.) Soccer is the most common sport with concussion risk for females. d.) 78% of concussions occur during practices. 8.) Which statement is TRUE regarding concussions? a.) Football is the most common sport with concussion risk for males. b.) Hockey is the most common sport with concussion risk for males. c.) Soccer is the most common sport with concussion risk for males. d.) Boxing is the most common sport with concussion risk for males. 4
9.) Which statement is FALSE regarding concussions? a.) Impact speed of a professional boxers punch is 20mph. b.) Impact speed of a football player tackling a stationary player is 25mph. c.) Impact speed of a soccer ball being headed by a player is 71mph. d.) A professional football player will receive an estimated 900 to 1500 blows to the head during a season. 10.) Which is NOT a sign and symptom of a concussion? a.) Headache or a feeling of pressure in the head. b.) Temporary loss of consciousness. c.) Improved memory and reaction time. d.) Ringing in the ears and dizziness (seeing stars). 5
PART C: SIDNEY CROSBY HEAD INJURY [A /14] What caused Crosby s concussion? [A /2] What signs or symptoms did Crosby have? [A /6] What were Crosby s treatment options? [A /3] Identify the prevention strategies used for Crosby to return to hockey. [A /3]
PART D: PETR CECH HEAD INJURY [A /18] What caused Cech s concussion? [A /2] What signs or symptoms did Cech have? [A /8] What were Cech s treatment options? [A /4] Identify the prevention strategies used for Cech to return to soccer? [A /4] 7