Refugees around the World and in Turkey UNHCR Istanbul Field Office
Refugees around the World General
Refugees around the World General
Refugees around the World Syria
Refugees around the World The Syrian crisis is the world s largest refugee crisis following the Second World War. The number of Syrian nationals displaced internally exceeds 7 million. More than 4.8 million Syrians have become refugees in neighboring countries.
United Nationals High Commissioner For Refugees UNHCR was established in December 14, 1950 by the UN General Assembly UNHCR s headquarters is in Geneva, Switzerland The role of UNHCR is to protect refugees on a global scale, to find durable solutions for refugee problems as well as lead and coordinate international actions response to refugee crises.
International and National Legal Framework A- International Legislation 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees (Turkey) 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees (accededgeographical Limitation Turkey) 1954 Convention related to the Status of Stateless Persons (Turkey ratified the Convention and entered into force on 26/06/2015) 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness (Turkey is about to accede the Convention) B- National Legislation Constitution (Art. 90) Law on Foreigners and International Protection No.6458 Implementation Directive of LoFIP Law on the Protection of Family and Prevention of Violence against Women No. 6284 Child Protection Law No. 5395 Regulations and Circulars
1951 Convention Refugee Definitions Outside of Country of Origin Well founded fear of persecution. 5 Reasons Race Religion Nationality Membership to a particular social group Political Opinion 1967 Protocol: Time Limitation Geographic Limitation
The 1951 Convention Important Articles Article 1 F The provisions of the 1951 Geneva Convention shall not apply to any person with respect to whom there are serious reasons for considering that: (a) he has committed a crime against peace, a war crime, or a crime against humanity, as defined in the international instruments drawn up to make provision in respect of such crimes; (b) he has committed a serious non-political crime outside the country of refuge prior to his admission to that country as a refugee; (c) he has been guilty of acts contrary tothe purposes and principles of the United Nations. Article 31 The Contracting States shall not impose penalties, on account of their illegal entry or presence, on refugees who, coming directly from a territory where their life or freedom was threatened, enter or are present in their territory without authorization, provided they present themselves without delay to the authorities and show good cause for their illegal entry or presence. Article 33 No Contracting State shall expel or return ( refouler ) a refugee in any manner whatsoever to the frontiers of territories where his life or freedom would be threatened on account of his race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion. Article 35 1. The Contracting States undertake to co-operate with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, or any other agency of the United Nations which may succeed it, in the exercise of its functions, and shall in particular facilitate its duty of supervising the application of the provisions of this Convention. 2. In order to enable the Office of the High Commissioner or any other agency of the United Nations which may succeed it, to make reports to the competent organs of the United Nations, the Contracting States undertake to provide them in the appropriate form with information and statistical data requested concerning: (a) The condition of refugees, (b) The implementation of this Convention, and; (c) Laws, regulations and decrees which are, or may hereafter be, in force relating to refugees
Refugees in Turkey Turkey has always been at a central position in refugee movements due to its historical and geographical situation. Turkey stands as the world s most refugee hosting country (2. Pakistan, 3. Lebanon). As of March 2016, the number of registered Syrian nationals has reached 2.724,946 (according to the Turkish Government). 273,882 Syrian refugees live in camps as of March 2016. Turkey also hosts more than 200,000 refugees from Iraq and other countries. To the date, the Turkish government has spent more than 8 billion $ in response to the Syrian refugee emergency.
Refugees in Turkey: Syrian refugees by Province
Refugees in Turkey: Density of Syrian refugees by Province
Refugees in Turkey: Non-Syrian refugees by province
Refugees in Turkey: Non-Syrian Refugees
UNHCR TURKEY During the last 55 years, the UNHCR and Turkey have been working together in close partnership UNHCR operates in Turkey through the country office in Ankara and field offices in Istanbul, Van, Gaziantep, Hatay and Sanliurfa. Currently the office in Turkey operates with 335 staff. Of the total staff, 49 are international, 28 are National Officers, 195 are general services staff and 63 are volunteers. Some of the specialized units within the offices include the Policy Development Unit, Protection and Documentation Unit, Refugee Status Determination Unit, Resettlement and Voluntary Repatriation Unit, Programme Unit and Public Relations Unit.
UNHCR TURKEY Area of Responsibility Registration of refugees Refugee Status Determination Durable solutions Prioritization in the protection of vulnerable groups (UAMs, survivors or torture, elderly, persons with special needs) Support in the development of policies and strategies Capacity Building State and Civilian Organizations Cooperation with NGOs Coordination and working with humanitarian organizations, other international organizations and other UN Agencies. Advocacy and Technical Support (Legal, operational)
UNHCR TURKEY Besides technical support, UNHCR also provides humanitarian assistance to refugees in Turkey. UNHCR humanitarian assistance amounts to over $260 million (cash voucher, tent, winterization assistance, food and vocational training) 34 mobile registration centers have been donated.
UNHCR TURKEY UNHCR has been designated as the lead agency for the refugee response for planning and coordination among the UNCT members. Currently, UNHCR is the co-lead of 3RP with UNDP. Under the regional and global leadership of UNHCR and UNDP, UN and partners are implementing the 3RP to support the Government of Turkey s protection and assistance response to meet the needs of refugees and host communities in 2015 and 2016. UNHCR underlines the importance of international solidarity through financial support and responsibility sharing through resettlement
TURKEY 3RP Sectorial Overview
TURKEY 3RP Sectorial Overview
Refugees/Migrants Emergency Response - Mediterranean
Refugees/Migrants Emergency Response - Mediterranean
Refugees/Migrants Emergency Response - Mediterranean Lack of durable solutions after 5 years into the crisis leads to increase in irregular movements. A significant increase in the numbers of refugees attempting to reach the European Union through the Mediterranean and Aegean seas is observed. Risks and consequences of irregular movement in 2014, 3279 and in 2015, 3771 persons lost lives while trying to reach to Eurpoea. UNHCR is working in cooperation with sates in the region for the response to the situation in Mediterranean and Aegean Sea
Legal Framework Timeline LoFIP Ratified 4/4/2013 Removal and Reception Center Regulation 4/22/2014 Foreign Student Circular 9/23/2014 TPR Ratified 10/11/2014 2013 04 07 10 2014 04 07 10 2014 9/9/2013 AFAD Health Circular Issued All Province 4/12/2014 LoFIP Entered into Force 12/18/2014 AFAD Circular on Services
Legal Framework Timeline AFAD & MoH Protocol 7/1/2015 08/2015 AFAD Health Circular 10/12/2015 Child Birth and Marriage Regulation 10/13/2015 LoFIP Implementation Regulation 3/17/2016 2015 07 08 09 10 11 12 2016 02 03 2016 11/4/2015 MoH Directive on Health for TPR Today 10/20/2015 UAC Directive 9/1/2015 Migrant Health Center Directive
6458 Law on Foreigners and International Protection Concise and consolidated legal framework A new civilian institutionalized International Protection system in accordance with 1951 Geneva Convention, relevant EU acquis communautaire and the case-law of European Court of Human Rights. Establishment of Directorate General of Migration Management
6458 Law on Foreigners and International Protection Core principles of International Refugee Law and International Protection are embodied within domestic law Principle of non-refoulement Non penalization for irregular entry Suspensive effect of appeals Domestic legal remedies against administrative detention
6458 Law on Foreigners and International Protection 4 categories of International Protection: Refugee Conditional Refugee Turkey s Geographical Limitation to 1951 Convention Subsidiary Protection Temporary Protection Access to Rights and Services: Registration Designated Satellite Cities Documentation Access to health care services Access to education services Access to labour market Access to social assistance and solidarity Access to legal aid through Bar Associations
Temporary Protection Regulation Law on Foreigners and International Protection Article 91 Scope: Nationals of Syrian Arab Republic arriving from the Republic of Syria, stateless persons, refugees Persons arriving after April 28, 2011 Right to Temporary Protection: Being excluded from the general procedural requirements to enter the country. Non penalization for irregular entry Principle of non-refoulement
Temporary Protection Regulation Access to Rights and Services: Registration Documentation Access to health care services Access to education services Access to labour market Access to social assistance and solidarity Access to legal aid through Bar Associations Accommodation 26 Camps in South East Turkey Childcare Institutions Women Shelters Urban Setting
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