Appendix 1: Search strategies for randomized controlled trials on Chinese herbal medicine for symptom management in cancer palliative care



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Appendix 1: Search strategies for randomized controlled trials on Chinese herbal medicine for symptom management in cancer palliative care i) The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) 1 exp Palliative Care/ 1090 2 exp Terminal Care/ 269 3 palliative car*.mp. 1404 4 terminal car*.mp. 256 5 terminal ill*.mp. 48 6 palliat*.mp. 2571 7 (terminal* and (car* or ill*)).mp. 1856 8 ((advanced or end stage or terminal*) adj4 (diseas* or ill* or cancer* or malignan*)).mp. 11417 9 (last year of life or LYOL or life end or end of life).mp. 272 20 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 14987 21 exp Medicine, Chinese Traditional/ 703 22 exp Drugs, Chinese Herbal/ 2271 23 exp Phytotherapy/ 2960 24 exp Medicine, East Asian Traditional/ 766 25 Chinese herb*.mp. 2800 26 herb*.mp. 4913 27 Traditional Chinese medic*.mp. 1425 28 phytother*.mp. 3162 29 (chinese adj5 (traditional or medic*)).mp. 4525 30 (plant or plants).mp. 6873 31 (traditional adj5 medic*).mp. 3260 32 Chinese medic*.mp. 2609 33 oriental medic*.mp. 26 34 herbaceous agent.mp. 550

35 medicinal plant*.mp. 198 36 21 or 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 27 or 28 or 29 or 30 or 31 or 32 or 33 or 34 or 35 14896 37 20 and 36 198 ii) MEDLINE 1 Clinical trial.mp. 578493 2 clinical trial.pt. 489420 3 random:.mp. 841704 4 tu.xs. 3510508 5 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 4102494 6 exp palliative care/ 41061 7 exp terminal care/ 42274 8 exp terminally ill/ 5865 9 palliat*.mp. 63977 10 palliative car*.mp. 44119 11 terminal car*.mp. 23513 12 terminally ill*.mp. 9003 13 (terminal* and (car* or ill*)).mp. 37400 14 ((advanced or end stage or terminal*) adj4 (diseas* or ill* or cancer* or malignan*)).mp. 118498 15 (last year of life or LYOL or life end or end of life).mp. 11417 16 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15 211993 17 exp Drugs, Chinese Herbal/ 29347 18 Chinese herb*.mp. 31217 19 exp Medicine, Chinese Traditional/ 12454 20 Traditional Chinese medic*.mp. 8905 21 exp Phytotherapy/ 30551 22 phytother*.mp. 30659

23 (chinese adj5 (traditional or medic*)).mp. 25236 24 (herbs or herbal).mp. 46181 25 (plant or plants).mp. 496247 26 (traditional adj5 medic*).mp. 38858 27 17 or 18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26 551363 28 5 and 16 and 27 900 iii) EMABSE 1 random:.tw. 880512 2 clinical trial:.mp. 1077245 3 exp health care quality/ 1969915 4 1 or 2 or 3 3246376 5 exp palliative therapy/ 66664 6 exp terminal care/ 47273 7 exp terminal disease/ 4812 8 exp terminally ill patient/ 6249 9 exp cancer patient/ 126211 10 palliative therap*.mp. 67642 11 terminal car*.mp. 26601 12 terminally ill patient*.mp. 7400 13 cancer patient*.mp. 221822 14 palliat*.mp. 96997 15 (terminal* and (car* or ill*)).mp. 215666 16 ((advanced or end stage or terminal*) adj4 (diseas* or ill* or cancer* or malignan*)).mp. 202131 17 (last year of life or LYOL or life end or end of life).mp. 17553 18 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15 or 16 or 17 679148 19 exp Chinese medicine/ 24449 20 exp oriental medicine/ 2605

21 exp herbaceous agent/ 35273 22 exp medicinal plant/ 154347 23 exp Chinese herb/ 3570 24 Chinese medic*.mp. 40047 25 oriental medic*.mp. 3569 26 herbaceous agent.mp. 35275 27 medicinal plant*.mp. 77812 28 Chinese herb*.mp. 10187 29 herb*.mp. 121347 30 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 27 or 28 or 29 269392 31 4 and 18 and 30 536 iv) CINAHL Plus S1 (MH Palliative Care ) OR Palliative Care OR (MH Terminal Care ) OR (MH Hospice Care ) S2 (MH Terminally Ill Patients ) OR Terminally Ill OR (MH Critical Illness ) OR (MH Critically Ill Patients ) OR (MH Terminal Care (Saba CCC) ) OR (MH Terminal Care ) 37231 31864 S3 (MH Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association ) 177 S4 (MH Terminally Ill Patients ) OR Terminal$ 23640 S5 (MH Critical Illness ) OR last year of life OR LYOL OR life s end OR end of life 6274 S6 S1 OR S2 OR S3 OR S4 OR S5 58989 S7 (MH Alternative Therapies ) OR (MH Medicine, Chinese Traditional ) OR (MH Plants, Medicinal ) OR (MH Medicine, Oriental Traditional ) OR Alternative Medicine OR (MH Medicine, Traditional ) OR (MH Medicine, Tibetan ) S8 (MH Medicine, Herbal ) OR Traditional Medicine OR (MH Medicine, Traditional ) OR (MH Medicine, Chinese Traditional ) S9 (MH Medicine, Chinese Traditional ) OR (MH Medicine, Oriental Traditional ) OR (MH Drugs, Chinese Herbal ) OR (MH Plants, Medicinal ) OR Chinese Medicine OR (MH Medicine, Traditional ) OR (MH Medicine, Herbal ) 45921 15996 32676

S10 (MH Drugs, Chinese Herbal ) OR (MH Medicine, Chinese Traditional ) OR Plant Extract S11 (MH Drugs, Chinese Herbal ) OR (MH Medicine, Chinese Traditional ) OR Chinese Drug S12 (MH Medicine, Chinese Traditional ) OR (MH Drugs, Chinese Herbal ) OR (MH Plants, medicinal ) OR Chinese Herb S13 (MH Plants, Medicine ) OR Medicinal Plant OR (MH Plant Components ) OR (MH Medicine, Chinese Traditional ) OR (MH Medicine, Traditional ) 21890 6958 23593 23743 S14 (MH Plants, Medicine ) OR Herb 18986 S15 (MH Alternative Therapies ) OR (MH Medicine, Chinese Traditional ) OR Alternative Medicine OR (MH Plants, Medicinal ) OR (MH Medicine, Traditional ) OR (MH Medicine, Herbal ) S16 (MH Alternative Therapies ) OR Complementary Therap$ OR(MH Medicine, Chinese Traditional ) S17 (MH Plant Extracts ) OR (MH Drugs, Chinese Herbal ) OR (MH Plant Components ) OR Plant Extracts 50073 31623 18231 S18 S7 OR S8 OR S9 OR S10 OR S11 OR S12 OR S13 OR S14 OR S15 OR S16 OR S17 62680 S19 (MH Randomized Controlled Trials ) OR (MH Clinical Trials ) OR (MH Cochrane Liabrary ) OR Clinical Trials 169176 S20 (MH Evaluation Research ) OR Evaluation Research ) 20830 S21 (MH Comparative Studies ) OR Comparative Studies 78623 S22 (MH Crossover Design ) OR Crossover Design 12229 S23 PT Clinical Trail 76309 S24 (MH Random Assignment ) OR Random Assignment 38027 S25 S19 OR S20 OR S21 OR S22 OR S23 OR S24 297197 S20 S6 AND S18 AND S25 59 v) AMED 1 Controlled study/ or Randomized Controlled Trial/ 1663 2 Placebo/ 548

3 Random$.tw. 14267 4 crossover.tw. 624 5 cross-over.tw. 254 6 placebo$.tw. 2664 7 ((doubl$ or singl$ or tripl$ or trebl$) adj5 (blind$ or mask$)).tw. 2382 8 (comparativ$ adj5 trial$).tw. 151 9 (clinical adj5 trial$).tw. 4913 10 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 18218 11 exp Palliative Care/ 5309 12 exp Terminal Care/ 4651 13 palliate$.mp. 91 14 (terminal$ and (care or caring or ill$)).mp. 5600 15 ((advanced or end stage or terminal$) adj4 (disease$ or illness$ or cancer$ or malignan$)).mp. 16 (last year of life or LYOL or life end or end of life).mp. 4863 3303 17 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15 or 16 13046 18 exp traditional medicine chinese/ 5395 19 exp drugs chinese herbal/ 1792 20 exp plants medicinal/ 18955 21 exp herbal drugs/ 7336 22 herb$.mp. 11422 23 (chinese adj5 medicine).mp. 5704 24 (traditional chinese adj5 medicine).mp. 1108 25 (chinese adj5 drug$).mp. 1976 26 (chinese adj5 herb$).mp. 2275

27 (medic$ adj5 plant$).mp. 17749 28 (herb$ adj5 plant$).mp. 530 29 18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 27 or 28 30060 30 10 and 17 and 29 16 vi) Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) [Chinese] (" 临 床 试 验 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 对 照 试 验 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 随 机 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 临 床 观 察 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 临 床 科 研 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR "RCT"[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 随 机 对 照 试 验 "[ 全 字 段 ]) AND (" 中 药 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 中 草 药 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 中 成 药 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 中 西 医 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 中 医 "[ 全 字 段 ]) AND (" 肿 瘤 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 癌 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 岩 "[ 全 字 段 ])AND (" 疲 劳 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 疲 倦 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 疲 乏 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 感 觉 异 常 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 知 觉 异 常 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 感 觉 障 碍 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 感 觉 迟 钝 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 痛 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 厌 食 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 食 欲 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 失 眠 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 睡 眠 障 碍 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 水 肿 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 浮 肿 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 便 秘 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 大 便 不 通 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 生 活 质 量 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 生 命 质 量 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 生 存 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 存 活 "[ 全 字 段 ] OR " 幸 存 "[ 全 字 段 ]) 2554 vii) Wan Fang Digital Journals [Chinese] (" 临 床 试 验 " OR " 对 照 试 验 " OR " 随 机 " OR " 临 床 观 察 " OR " 临 床 科 研 " OR "RCT" OR " 随 机 对 照 试 验 ") AND (" 中 药 " OR " 中 草 药 " OR " 中 成 药 " OR " 中 西 医 " OR " 中 医 ") AND (" 肿 瘤 " OR " 癌 " OR " 岩 ") AND (" 疲 劳 " OR " 疲 倦 " OR " 疲 乏 " OR " 感 觉 异 常 " OR " 知 觉 异 常 " OR " 感 觉 障 碍 " OR " 感 觉 迟 钝 " OR " 痛 " OR " 厌 食 " OR " 食 欲 " OR " 失 眠 " OR " 睡 眠 障 碍 " OR " 水 肿 " OR " 浮 肿 " OR " 便 秘 " OR " 大 便 不 通 " OR " 生 活 质 量 " OR " 生 命 质 量 " OR " 生 存 " OR " 存 活 " OR " 幸 存 ") 473 viii) Taiwan Periodical Literature Databases [Chinese] (TX= 臨 床 試 驗 OR 對 照 試 驗 OR 隨 機 OR 臨 床 觀 察 OR 臨 床 科 研 OR RCT OR 隨 機 對 照 試 驗 ) [AND] (TX= 中 藥 OR 中 草 藥 OR 中 成 藥 OR 中 西 醫 OR 中 醫 ) [AND] (TX= 腫 瘤 OR 癌 OR 岩 ) [AND] (TX= 疲 勞 OR 疲 倦 OR 疲 乏 OR 感 覺 異 常 OR 知 覺 異 常 OR 感 覺 障 礙 OR 感 覺 遲 鈍 OR 痛 OR 厭 食 OR 食 慾 OR 失 眠 OR 睡 眠 障 礙 OR 水 腫 OR 浮 腫 OR 便 秘 OR 大 便 不 通 OR 生 活 質 量 OR 生 命 質 量 OR 生 活 質 素 OR 生 存 質 素 OR 生 存 OR 存 活 OR 倖 存 ) 31

Appendix 2 Detailed prescriptions for each CHM formula among included studies First author, year of publication Ju, 2006 41 Zhao, 2006 31 Fu,2006 43 Zhang,2009 37 Gao, 2010 32 Sun, 2010 38 Components of the CHM Jia-wei-xiang-sha-liu-jun-zi decoction ( 加 味 香 砂 六 君 子 汤 ): mu xiang 木 香 (hou xia 后 下 )10g, sha ren 砂 仁 (hou xia 后 下 )10g, bai zhu 白 术 10g, chen pi 陈 皮 10g, jiang ban xia 姜 半 夏 10g,dang shen 党 参 15g, jue ming zi 决 明 子 15g, fu ling 茯 苓 12g, gan cao 甘 草 6g, huang qi 黄 芪 30g. rou cong rong 肉 苁 蓉 15g, huo ma ren 火 麻 仁 15g, chao gu ya 炒 谷 芽 15g, chao mai ya 炒 麦 芽 15g, ye jiao teng 夜 交 藤 30g, yan hu suo 延 胡 索 10g. Qing-shu-ke-li( 轻 舒 颗 粒 ): he shou wu 何 首 乌, rou cong rong 肉 苁 蓉, huang qi 黄 芪, zhi shi 枳 实, huo ma ren 火 麻 仁 Qi-ge-kai-wei decoction( 启 膈 开 胃 汤 ):sheng huang qi 生 黄 芪 30g, fu ling 茯 苓 30g, mi ren 米 仁 30g, sha kou ren 砂 蔻 仁 5g, chao bai zhu 炒 白 术 15g, jiang zhu ru 姜 竹 茹 10g, su geng 苏 梗 10g Fu-zheng-he-ji( 扶 正 合 剂 ): huang qi 黄 芪, dong chong xia cao 冬 虫 夏 草 Yi-qi-run-chang method( 益 气 润 肠 法 ): dang shen 党 参 20g, sheng di huang 生 地 黄 20g, xuan shen 玄 参 20g,gou qi 枸 杞 20g, sheng bai zhu 生 白 术 20g, zhi he shou wu 制 何 首 乌 20g, huo ma ren 火 麻 仁 20g, zhi ke 枳 壳 10g, wu yao 乌 药 15g, rou gui 肉 桂 10g, rou cong rong 肉 苁 蓉 10g, xing ren 杏 仁 6g Ren-shen-yang-rong decoction( 人 参 养 荣 汤 ):huang qi 黄 芪 20g, dang gui 当 归 10g, rou gui 肉 桂 3g, zhi gan cao 炙 甘 草 6g, chen pi 陈 皮 6g, bai zhu 白 术 10g, dang shen 党 参 20g, bai shaoyao 白 芍 药 10g, sheng di 生 地 10g, wu wei zi 五 味 子 6g, fu ling 茯 苓 6g, yuan zhi 远 志 6g Gui, 2010 33 Lin, 2011 35 Bu-zhong- yi-qi decoction( 补 中 益 气 汤 ): dang shen 党 参, zhi huang qi 炙 黄 芪, hong jing tian 红 景 天, dang gui 当 归, zhi shou wu 制 首 乌, sheng bai zhu 生 白 术, chen pi 陈 皮, sheng ma 升 麻, chai hu 柴 胡, sheng shan yao 生 山 药, sheng ji nei jin 生 鸡 内 金, zhi shi 枳 实, hou pu 厚 朴. Chinese medicine enema( 中 药 保 留 灌 肠 ): mang xiao 芒 硝 12g, sheng da huang 生 大 黄 (hou xia 后 下 ) 20g, zhi shi 枳 实 15g, hou pu 厚 朴 15g, pu gong ying 蒲 公 英 15g, chi shao 赤 芍 10g, gan cao 甘 草 6g. Li, 2011 34 Jia-wei-ji-chuan enema( 加 味 济 川 灌 肠 ): rou cong rong 肉 苁 蓉 30g, fu zi 附 子 20g, dang gui 当 归 20g, chuan niu xi 川 牛 膝 10g, zhi ke 枳 壳 10g, ze xie 泽 泻 15g, rou gui 肉 桂 5g, sheng ma 升 麻 5g, da huang 大 黄 5g. Wu,2011 44 Gui-dan-san-zhi-san( 桂 丹 三 枝 散 ): gui zhi 桂 枝 30g, bai jie zi 白 芥 子 30g, wu zhu yu 吴 茱 萸 30g, tu si zi 菟 丝 子 30g, dan shen 丹 参 30g, etc. Wang, 2012 40 Huang,2012 39 Tong-tai mixture( 通 泰 合 剂 ):sheng huang qi 生 黄 芪, yi yi ren 薏 苡 仁,e zhu 莪 术, ji xue teng, 鸡 血 藤 bai jie zi 白 芥 子, mu tou hui 墓 头 回, xian he cao 仙 鹤 草, bai hua she she cao 百 花 蛇 舌 草, bai zhu 白 术. Jian-pi-xiao-ji decoction( 健 脾 消 积 汤 ):tai zi shen 太 子 参 18g, huang qi 黄 芪 30g, bai zhu 白 术 12g, fu ling 茯 苓 15g, qing pi 青 皮 10g, yi yi ren 薏 苡 仁 30g, yu jin 郁 金 12g, mai ya 麦 芽 15g,zhi ke 枳 壳 12ge, e zhu 莪 术 10g,bai hua she she cao 百 花 蛇 舌 草 20g, gan cao 甘 草 6g.

Zhao,2013 36 Jiang,2013 42 Improved zeng-ye decoction( 改 良 增 液 汤 ):xuan shen 玄 参 30g, sheng di 生 地 15g, mai dong 麦 冬 15g, san ling 三 菱 6g,e zhu 莪 术 6g, zhi ke 枳 壳 10g, bing lang 槟 榔 6g, da huang 大 黄 5g. Traditional Chinese medicine mixture( 自 拟 复 方 中 药 ):Bai hua she she cao 白 花 蛇 舌 草 15g, ban zhi lian 半 枝 莲 20g, huang bo 黄 柏 15g, da huang 大 黄 15g, huang qi 黄 芪 20g, dang shen 党 参 20g, chi shao 赤 芍 20g, hong hua 红 花 15g, ku shen 苦 参 15g, di yu 地 榆 15g, mu xiang 木 香 9g, chuang lian 川 连 9g, hong teng 红 藤 15g, chen pi 陈 皮 15g, bai tou weng 白 头 翁 30g, san leng 三 棱 12g, e zhu 莪 术 12g, zhi shi 枳 实 12g