Injury Facts Statistical Highlights Ken Kolosh August 13, 2014
Injury Data Highlights Injury Facts 2014 Edition Most current data available 2012, 2011, or 2010 depending on the source 2
The Big Picture
Unintentional Injuries #1 cause of death for people 1 to 42 years old #5 cause of death for all ages 4 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Leading Causes of Death, 2011 Heart disease 596,577 Cancer 576,691 Chronic lower respiratory disease 142,943 Stroke 128,932 Unintentional injuries 126,438 Alzheimer s disease 84,974 5 Source: National Center for Health Statistics
Average Age at Death and Remaining Lifetime Years 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 12 77 Heart Disease 11 16 12 38 71 78 76 43 Cancer Stroke CLRD* U-I Average Remaining Lifetime Average Age at Death * Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease 6 Source: NSC estimates based on 2009 NCHS data.
Years of Potential Life Lost Before Age 75 (All Causes) Years (millions) 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 4.4 3.0 2.9 1.1 0.9 0.7 7 Source: CDC
Years of Potential Life Lost Before Age 75 (Unintentional) Years (millions) 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 1.1 1.1 Top Five Causes Represent over 87% of the U-I years of life lost. 0.1 0.1 0.1 8 Source: CDC
Deaths/Lives Saved 300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 Lives Saved From 1912-2012, United States The number of people who would have died if the 1912 rate of 82.5 did not improve. 6,000,000 Total Lives Saved Actual Deaths Lives Saved 9 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Class Latest Estimates: 2012 Medically Consulted Injuries Costs (billions) All U-I 38,300,000 $793.8 Motor-Vehicle 3,900,000 $276.5 Work 4,900,000 $198.2 Home 19,300,000 $220.3 Public 10,300,000 $121.4 10 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Latest Estimates: 2012 Class 2012 Deaths Change from 2011 All 127,200 +3% Motor-Vehicle 36,300 +5% Home 63,000 +4% Public 26,000 +1% Work 3,695-7% 11 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Changes: 2011 2012 Total Change +3,900 Poisoning +1,800 Motor-Vehicle +1,600 Falls +1,100 Mechanical Suffocation +300 Choking +100 Drowning +100 Fires, flames, smoke +100 All other causes -1,200 12 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 Long-Term Trends Total U-I Deaths, U.S., 1969-2012 13 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Long-Term Trends (Cont.) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 U-I Deaths per 100,000 Population, U.S., 1969-201 14 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Recent Trends Death Rate Indexes (1992=100) 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 Workplace death rate* down 36%. Workplace 15 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed. *Deaths per 100,000 workers.
Recent Trends (Cont.) Death Rate Indexes (1992=100) 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 Highway death rate* down 33%. Highway Workplace 16 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed. *Deaths per 100 million vehicle-miles traveled.
Recent Trends (Cont.) Death Rate Indexes (1992=100) 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 Home & Community death rate* up 68%. Home & Community Highway Workplace *Deaths per 100,000 population. 17 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Recent Trends (Cont.) Death Rate Indexes (1992=100) 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 Total U-I death rate* up 19%. Home & Community Highway Workplace Total 18 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed. *Deaths per 100,000 population.
Trends in Leading Causes Deaths 50,000 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Motor-vehicle Falls Poisoning Choking Drowning Fire, Burn 19 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Medically Consulted Nonfatal Injuries Falls By Event, 2010-2011 Millions 0 3 6 9 12 15 Overexertion 35% Struck By/Against Transportation Cutting/Piercing 2010 2011 Poisoning Other 20 Source: National Center for Health Statistics
Medically Attended Nonfatal Injuries By Place of Occurrence Millions 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Home (inside) Home (outside) Street Sport facility School Industrial etc. Trade/Service Hosp/Inst Other bldg Other unspec 51% in or around the home. 2010 2011 21 Source: National Center for Health Statistics
Highway Venue
Highway Venue 213 million drivers (+0.5%) 249 million vehicles (-<0.5%) 2.95 trillion vehicle-miles travel (+<0.5%) 13,900 miles/driver 36,300 deaths (+5%) 3.9 million medically consulted injuries (+5%) 23
Recent Trends M-V Deaths, U.S., 1993-2012 48,000 46,000 44,000 42,000 40,000 38,000 36,000 34,000 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 24 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Recent Trends (Cont.) Motor-Vehicle Death Rates, U.S., 1993-2012 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 Per 100 million 1.6 vehicle miles 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1993199519971999200120032005200720092011 17.0 16.5 16.0 15.5 15.0 14.5 14.0 13.5 13.0 12.5 12.0 11.5 11.0 Per 100,000 population Mileage Death Rate Population Death Rate 25 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Highway Safety Issues
Young Drivers Total fatalities in crashes involving 15-20 year old drivers exceeded 4,640 in 2012. The latest 2010 mortality figures show that motor-vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for 15-20 year olds. Young driver fatalities account for less than half of the overall fatalities associated with young drivers. 27 Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Young Drivers Historical Trend of Young Driver Related Fatalities Deaths 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 Nonoccupant Fatalities Occupant Fatalities of all Other Vehicles Passenger Fatalities of Young Drivers Young Drivers (Age 15 to 20) 28 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Young Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes, 2011-2012 2011 2012 Population 8.4% 8.2% Licensed Drivers 6.4% 6.0% Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes Single-Vehicle 12.2% 11.0% Multi-Vehicles 8.7% 10.2% 29
Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes per 100,000 Licensed Drivers by Age Group, 2012 Involvement per 100,000 Drivers 40 30 20 10 0 30
Distracted driving In 2012, 3,328 people lost their lives in police reported crashes that involved distraction (NHTSA). Starting in 2010 NHTSA adopted a much more restrictive definition of distracted driving contributing to a 43% reduction between 2009 and 2010. 9% of drivers were using cell phones in 2011. 31
Distracted driving NSC estimates that 26% of all crashes are attributable to cell phones (conversations & text messaging) 32
Alcohol Fatalities in alcohol-impaired crashes increased by 4.6% to 10,322 from 2011 to 2012. 30.8% of deaths 21 year drinking age in all states and D.C. 0.08 BAC threshold in all states and D.C. Zero tolerance for minors in all states and D.C. 33
Alcohol 10,322 alcoholimpaired deaths in 2012 30.8% of deaths 60% 50% 40% Percent of Alcohol-Impaired Deaths, 1982-2012 30% 20% 10% 0% 34
100% Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes by Sex, Age, and Driver BAC, 2010 90% Percent of Drivers in Fatal Crashes 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female BAC = 0.15 or higer BAC = 0.08 to 0.14 BAC = 0.01 to 0.07 BAC = 0.00 15 or younger 16 to 20 21 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 to 74 75 or older 35
Occupant protection 11,189 deaths of unrestrained passenger vehicle occupants Up 1% from 11,061 in 2011 49 states & D.C. have mandatory use laws 87% belt use overall in 2012 91% belt use in primary enforcement states vs. 80% in other states 36
Speeding 10,219 fatalities Up 3% from 2011 Excessive speed was a factor in 30% of all fatal crashes in 2012 (unchanged from 2011) 37
Motorcycles Motorcycles: 3% of registered vehicles 0.6% of vehicle miles 15% of fatalities Deaths Motorcycle Deaths and Deaths Rates, U.S., 1996-2012 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Deaths per 100 Million Miles Deaths Death Rate 38
Motorcycles Fatalities among riders and passengers have increased 33% between 2003 and 2012. Nonfatal injuries increased from 67,000 to 93,000 over the same period. Motorcycle death rate per 100 million miles traveled improved from 34.23 in 2002 to 25.03 in 2011. Mileage death rate for motorcycles is 20 times greater than the overall rate of 1.23. 39 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Pedestrians There were 6,100 pedestrian deaths and 170,000 medically consulted injuries in motor-vehicle accidents in 2012. Fatalities have increased 2% over the last 10 years. About 27% of pedestrian deaths and injuries occur when pedestrians improperly cross roadways or intersections or dart/run into streets. 40 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Workplace Venue
Workplace 4,380 fatal work injuries in 2012 3,613 unintentional 7,000 6,000 767 homicide and suicide 5,000 Total down 7% from 2011 U-I down 3% from 2011 4,000 3,000 Total Unintentional 42 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Workplace Deaths by Event Workplace Deaths by Event, 2012 All Other 30% Roadway 24% Nonroadway 5% MV 35% Struck By 12% Falls-LL 12% Homicide 11% Pedestrian 6% 43 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Incidence Rate Trends 10 Cases per 100 Employees 8 6 4 2 0 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Total Cases DAFW Cases 44 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Off-the-Job
What does off-the-job mean? Not work related Includes People employed (full- or part-time) but not at work Excludes Children Persons keeping house full time Retired Unemployed Other persons not in the labor force 46
Off vs. On-the-Job Deaths 15:1 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 3,695 Deaths 55,200 On-the-Job Off-the-Job 47 Source: Injury Facts, 2013 Ed.
Off vs. On-the-Job Injuries 3:1 (Millions) 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 5 14 Medically Consulted Injuries On-the-Job Off-the-Job 48 Source: Injury Facts, 2013 Ed.
Time Lost from Work 7:1 900 800 700 Days (millions) 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 45 60 On-the-Job 535 245 Off-the-Job In Future Years In 2012 49 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Off vs. On-the-Job Costs $300 $250 (Billions) $200 $150 $100 $198.2 $282.3 On-the-Job Off-the-Job $50 $0 Costs 50 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Off-the-Job Deaths and Injuries OTJ Deaths by Class, 2012 OTJ Injuries by Class, 2012 16% 35% 26% 14% 49% 60% M-V Home Public M-V Home Public 51 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Motor-Vehicle Deaths 1,600 57% are Workers 15,600 19,100 ON-the-job OFF-the-job Others 52 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Home & Community Deaths 41% are Workers 36,100 52,900 Workers Non-workers 53 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Affect on Workers and Their Families
UI Deaths: 46% are Workers Home & Community Highway (Non-Work) Workplace (Hwy + non-hwy) Workers 55 Source: National Safety Council estimates.
UI Deaths: 59% are Workers or Their Family Members Home & Community Highway (Non-Work) Workers: Workplace (Hwy + non-hwy) Workers spouses & children: 56 Source: National Safety Council estimates.
Home & Community Venue
Home & Community Occur in and around homes Occur in public places Not work related Not involving a motor-vehicle 58
Home & Community Venue 89,000 deaths (+3%) 29,600,000 medically consulted injuries 1 out of 11 people 59
Five Leading Causes, U.S. Fatal Injuries Poisoning Falls Choking Drowning Fires and burns Nonfatal Injuries Falls Struck by or against object or person Overexertion Cut/pierce Bite/sting 60
Home and Community Trends Deaths 100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 30.00 28.00 26.00 24.00 22.00 20.00 18.00 16.00 Death Rate Deaths Deaths per 100,000 population 61 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Home & Community Deaths, 2012 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Age 65+ Age 15-64 Age 0-14 *Inhalation or ingestion of food or object obstructing breathing. 62 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Trends in Leading Causes Home & Community Deaths 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Poisoning Falls Choking* Drowning Fire, Burn *Inhalation or ingestion of food or object obstructing breathing. 63 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Unintentional Poisoning
Unintentional Poisoning >19 37.6% Poisoning Exposures, 2011 Poisoning ED Visits, 2011 0-5 4.6% 6-19 8.6% Poisoning Deaths, 2010 0-5 0.1% 6-19 2.4% 0-5 49.3% 6-19 13.1% >19 86.9% >19 97.5% 65 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Trends in Poisoning 40,000 14 Deaths 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 12 10 8 6 4 2 Deaths per 100,000 Population Deaths Rate 5,000 0 66 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Poisoning Deaths by Substance 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Drugs, medicatments, biologicals Other substances 67 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Poisoning Death Rates by Age Group, 2012 Deaths per 100,000 population 25 20 15 10 5 0 0-4 5-14 15-24 25-44 45-64 65-74 75+ 68 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Poisoning Death Rates by Age Deaths per 100,000 Population 30 25 20 15 10 5 1963 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Age 69
Poisoning Death Rates by Age Deaths per 100,000 Population 30 25 20 15 10 5 1963 1973 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Age 70
Poisoning Death Rates by Age Deaths per 100,000 Population 30 25 20 15 10 5 1963 1973 1983 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Age 71
Poisoning Death Rates by Age Deaths per 100,000 Population 30 25 20 15 10 5 1963 1973 1983 1993 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Age 72
Poisoning Death Rates by Age Deaths per 100,000 Population 30 25 20 15 10 5 1963 1973 1983 1993 2003 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Age 73
Poisoning Death Rates by Age Deaths per 100,000 Population 30 25 20 15 10 5 1963 1973 1983 1993 2003 2011 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Age 74
Unintentional Poisoning Deaths by Age, 2011 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 Non-Drug Other Drugs Other Prescription Drugs Heroin, Cocaine Heroin, Cocaine, Prescription Opioid Prescription Opioids 200 0 < 1 year 3 years 6 years 9 years 12 years 15 years 18 years 21 years 24 years 27 years 30 years 33 years 36 years 39 years 42 years 45 years 48 years 51 years 54 years 57 years 60 years 63 years 66 years 69 years 72 years 75 years 78 years 81 years 84 years 75
Total Poisoning Deaths by Age, 2011 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 Non-Drug Other Drugs Other Prescription Drugs Heroin, Cocaine Heroin, Cocaine, Prescription Opioid Prescription Opioids 200 0 < 1 year 3 years 6 years 9 years 12 years 15 years 18 years 21 years 24 years 27 years 30 years 33 years 36 years 39 years 42 years 45 years 48 years 51 years 54 years 57 years 60 years 63 years 66 years 69 years 72 years 75 years 78 years 81 years 84 years 76
Older Adult Falls 77
Trends in Fatal Falls Ages 65+ 24,000 60 22,000 55 Deaths 20,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 Deaths per 100,000 population Deaths Rate 78 Source: Injury Facts, 2013 Ed.
Falls Death Rates by Age Group, 2012 120 Deaths per 100,000 population 100 80 60 40 20 0 0-4 5-14 15-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 75+ 79 Source: Injury Facts, 2014 Ed.
Other Leading Causes
Choking* Death Rates by Age Group, 2003 & 2012 9 Deaths per 100,000 population 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0-4 5-14 15-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 2003 2012 *Inhalation or ingestion of food or object obstructing breathing. 81
Drowning Death Rates by Age Group, 2003 & 2012 3.0 Deaths per 100,000 population 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0-4 5-14 15-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 2003 2012 82
Fires/Burns Death Rates by Age Group, 2003 & 2012 4 Deaths per 100,000 population 3 2 1 0 0-4 5-14 15-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 2003 2012 83
Intentional Injury
Leading Causes of Death, 2010 1-4 5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 1 U-I U-I U-I U-I U-I Cancer 2 Cong Anom Cancer Homicide Suicide Cancer Heart Dis 3 Homicide Cong Anom Suicide Homicide Heart Dis U-I 4 Cancer Homicide Cancer Cancer Suicide Suicide 5 Heart Dis Suicide Heart Dis Heart Dis Homicide Liver Dis 6 Infl & Pneu Heart Dis Cong Anom HIV Liver Dis CVD 7 Septicemia CLRD CVD Diabetes CVD Diabetes 8 Neoplasms CVD Infl & Pneu CVD HIV CLRD 9 Perinatal Neoplasms Diabetes Liver Dis Diabetes HIV 10 CLRD Infl & Pneu Comp Preg Cong Anom Infl & Pneu Vir Hepatitis 85
Intentional Injury, 1992-2010 Deaths 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Deaths per 100,000 population Suicide Deaths Homicide Deaths Suicide Rate Homicide Rate 86
87