Tema 11: Periféricos para Acceso a la Red Periféricos e Interfaces Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/1
Organización de las Redes de PURPOSE: Computadores In this module, we discuss computer network classifications. We'll consider two methods for determining the classification of a computer network. We'll see that there are private computer networks and public computer networks. And, we'll investigate the basic characteristics of common technologies that are applied in today's computer networks. OBJECTIVES: Identify network types such as LANs and WANs Describe two methods for classifying computer network types Identify popular computer networking technologies Identify in which classifications of networks each technology is applied Describe the technologies applied in these network types Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/2
Tipos de Redes Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/3
Modelo OSI Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/4
Modelo OSI Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/5
Redes de Area Local (LAN) Typically single sites Private networks Populations from two to thousands Networked devices considered stations Many LAN protocols available Premier technologies Ethernet Token ring FDDI Standards cover data link and physical layer issues Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/6
Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) Nivel Físico Nivel de Acceso a Red: CSMA/CD para evitar colisiones Versiones Standard Ethernet: 10 Mbps, Half-Duplex Fast Ethernet: 100 Mbps, Full-Duplex Gigabit Ethernet: 1 Gbps, Full-Duplex Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/7
Colisiones Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/8
Versiones Ethernet Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/9
WAN Exchange information over distance Across town or oceans Integrate remote networks Communications Reliable Fast Safe Low cost Operated by PTTs and telecom providers Development influenced by service providers Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/10
Red Conmutada por Paquetes: PSDN Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/11
Organización de los Elementos Hardware de una Red de Computadores de tipo LAN PASARELA ROUTER HOST Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/12
Redes Cableadas PURPOSE: This module considers the copper media commonly used in computer networks. This module covers both coaxial and twisted pair cabling. This module investigates these cables categories and types, structure, operation, features, and applications. OBJECTIVES: Identify the types of coax cable used in networking Describe the structure of coaxial and twisted pair cabling Describe the operation and features of coaxial and twisted pair cabling Identify the computer network applications of coaxial and twisted pair cabling Compare the features and benefits of coaxial and twisted pair cabling Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/13
Infraestructura de la red When choosing the transmission media, consider: Transmission Rate Distances Cost and Ease of Installation Resistance to Environmental Conditions Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/14
Tipos de cables Media Advantages Disadvantages Twisted Pair Cable Inexpensive Well-understood Easy to add nodes Sensitive to noise Short distances Limited bandwidth Security - easily tapped Coaxial Cable Fiber Optic Cable High bandwidth Long distances Noise immunity Very high bandwidth Noise Immunity Long distances High security Small size Physical Dimensions Security - easily tapped Connectors T-splitters Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/15
Cable Coaxial Coaxial varieties include: Thick coax Thin coax Baseband Broadband Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/16
Banda Base Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/17
Banda Ancha Broadband coax: Single communications channel Subdivided into several frequency ranges FDM Supports multiple simultaneous transmissions Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/18
Broadband Coax: Ventajas y Desventajas Advantages Transmit voice, data, and video No size limitation No number of node limitation Multiple signal transmission Disadvantages Higher installation costs Equipment complexity Dual-rings require twice as much cable Amplifiers are required Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/19
Cable Grueso Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/20
Cable Fino Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/21
IEEE Standards 802.3 Ethernet standards 10Base5 (Cable Grueso) 10 Mbps baseband 500 meters 10base2 (Cable Fino) 10 Mbps baseband 185 meters Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/22
Terminación del cable Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/23
Par Trenzado Most popular networking cable Small size Low cost Easy to work with 10BaseT (Standard TP) 10 Mbps Baseband 100 Meters Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/24
Adaptadores de Red PURPOSE: This module concentrates on network interface cards. We consider the structure, basic operation, system interface requirements, and components of network interface cards. OBJECTIVES: Describe the structure of a network interface card Describe the basic operation of a network interface card Identify the components of a network interface card Describe the functions of network interface card components Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/25
Interfaces de Red Network Interfaces Network Interface Card (NIC) Network Adapter Card (NAC) LAN Adapters Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/26
Network Interface Controller NIC basic operation includes: Converting incoming signals from the network medium to a form that computers can understand and vice versa Providing a proper physical connection to the network Managing information chunks from the computer and serial streams of data from the network Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/27
Chip Controlador Media access control (MAC) Componentes Serial to parallel and viceversa Special message handling Buffer Repackaging and disassembly work Temporary storage of exchanged data ROM Repackaging and disassembly work Temporary storage of exchanged data Manage the transmission and reception of information across the PC's bus Interfaz al bus Edge connector Interface between a NIC and a computer s bus structure NICs must be compatible with a computer s bus structure Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/28
Componentes Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/29
Componentes Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/30
Modem MODulation DEModulation The modems can be classified according to their characteristics: Range: distancia de transmisión Line Type Operation Mode: simplex, half, full Synchronization: síncronos, asíncronos Modulation: AM, FM, PM Data Rate: 300 bps - 56 Kbps Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/31
Clasificación dependiendo del rango de transmisión Short Haul Voice Grade Wideband Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/32
Clasificación por Modo de Operación Half Duplex Full Duplex Simplex Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/33
Clasificación por Técnica de Sincronización Asynchronous Modems Synchronous Modems Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/34
Clasificación por Técnica de Modulación AM FM/FSK PM TCM Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/35
Técnicas de modulación Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/36
Propiedades Data Rate: The number of signal changes transmitted per unit of time Unit of measurement Baud Transmission: Speed Not equivalent to baud Bits per second transmitted Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/37
Bibliografía Data Networking Hardware 2: Passive Hardware Joseph Herbert Standard and Devices (3/3) http://www.techonline.com/community/ho me/13064 Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/38
Cableado estructurado PURPOSE: Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/39 This module considers structured wiring systems, including an international standard for communications wiring in commercial building, and passive network devices. These devices include transceivers, repeaters, and modems. OBJECTIVES: Describe the characteristics of a structured wiring system Identify the international standard for wiring commercial buildings Describe the functions of a transceiver Describe the functions of a repeater Describe the classifications of modems and their operation
UNSTRUCTURED Temporary Over the wall Wire as needed No wall outlets Free form Unplanned STRUCTURED Permanent Behind the wall Wire all work areas Wall outlets Defines distances and topology Planned Not flexible (no cross-connecting) Not labeled or documented Flexible (cross-connecting) Labeled and documented Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/40
A wiring standard provides benefits to all aspects of the industry: To users To manufacturers To architects and the building industry To installers Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/41
Commercial Building Wiring Standard: Developed by EIA/TIA EIA/TIA-568 commercial building standard Voice, data and video distribution Defines a wiring distribution system Supports a multivendor, multiproduct environment Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/42
Concepto Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/43
Cableado Vertical MEDIA USE 62.5/125 multimode fiber - dual window 850 and 1300 manometers Multiple uses (Ethernet, FDDI) 100-ohm unshielded twisted pair (multipair) Usually used for voice 150-ohm shielded twisted pair (two-pair) Usually used for 4/16 Mbps IEEE 802.5 Token Ring 50-ohm,coax Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/44 (thick) - IEEE 10BASE5 Usually used for IEEE 802.3
Cableado horizontal The recommended media and connectors for the horizontal are: 100-ohm unshielded twisted pair - 4 pairs, 8-pin modular connector (ISDN). 150-ohm shielded twisted pair - 2 pairs (IBM connector or RJ45). 50-ohm coax (thin) - IEEE 10BASE2, standard BNC connector. 62.5/125 multimode fiber. Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/45
Area de Trabajo Work Area Wiring: Not specified Not permanent wiring Application specific Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/46
Transceptores Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/47
Repetidores Tema 11. Periféricos de Red/48