How the Internet of Things (IoT) Will Transform Everything Creating a Smarter World Prof San Murugesan Editor in Chief, IEEE IT Professional Director, BRITE Professional Services Adjunct Professor, University of Western Sydney Sydney, Australia Email: san@computer.org Twitter: @santweets Linked In: http://linkd.in/sanmurugesan Web: www.bitly.com/sanprofile Chennai, 23 December 2013
How the Internet of Things (IoT) Will Transform Everything, Creating a Smarter World Prof San Murugesan Editor-in-Chief, IEEE IT Professional Director, BRITE Professional Services Adjunct Professor, University of Western Sydney Sydney, Australia Chennai, 23 Dec 2013 Email: san@computer.org Web: www.bitly.com/sanprofile IoT The Next Big Thing! Professor San Murugesan 1
IoT: Evolution of the Internet The evolution and growth of the Internet is phenomenal. It s is an ongoing process! In just 25 years, it has grown to link billions of people through computers and mobile devices. Now the Internet is being used to connect various objects such as cars, sensors, controllers, TVs, machinery, transport containers and electrical appliances, creating the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT is also called: The Internet of Everything (IoE) The Web of Things, The Industrial Internet Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication IoT: Connects the Physical World and Cyberworld The IoT reaches out into the real world of physical objects, creating Cyberphysical systems. By the year 2020, 50 to 100 billion things will be connected to the Internet t facilitating ti human-to-human, t h human-to-thing thi and thingto-thing (also called M2M) communication. It can collect data and automatically transmit that data to servers or the cloud, where useful data analysis can be performed. The end game is to get deeper insights and real-time feedback that can help you make faster and better decisions. Potential ti for huge impact on manufacturing, healthcare, and public utilities, and other area. The IoT facilitates deployment of many new applications and services. It has the potential to change the world, just as the Internet did -- maybe even more so. Professor San Murugesan 2
Time is Ripe for IoT! Time is ripe to look at how we can leverage and benefit from it. We can optimistically look forward to an IoT-assisted world that is connected, smarter and better. Also sustainable. Outline of the Talk 1. Introduce the basic concepts of the IoT 2. Offer examples of how it's being used in the real world 3. Discuss opportunities and issues that IoT presents to IT professionals, academics and researchers 4. Look at security and privacy hurdles 5. Examine how it can generate benefits and value add, and why you should be interested t in IoT. Professor San Murugesan 3
What is the Internet of Things? The Internet of Things is the network of physical objects that contain embedded technology to communicate and sense or interact with their internal states or the external environment. Gartner The Internet of Things refers to uniquely identifiable objects (things) and their virtual representations in an Internet-like structure. Wikipedia What is IoT? An IoT system is a network of networks where, typically, a massive number of objects, things, sensors or devices are connected through communications and information infrastructure to provide value-added services via intelligent data processing and management for different applications (e.g. smart cities, smart health, smart grid, smart home, smart transportation, and smart shopping). -- IEEE Internet of Things Journal Professor San Murugesan 4
Things in the IoT The things in the IoT, or the machines in M2M, are physical entities. Their identity and state (or the state of their surroundings) can be relayed to an Internet-connected IT infrastructure. Almost anything to which you can attach a sensor a cow in a field, a container on a cargo vessel, the air- conditioning unit in your office, a lamppost in the street can become a node in the Internet of Things. Sensors They gather and/or disseminate data. location, altitude, velocity, temperature, illumination, location, altitude, velocity, temperature, illumination, motion, power, humidity, blood sugar, air quality, soil moisture... and more. Professor San Murugesan 5
Internet Protocol Version 6 The Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) vastly increases the number of internet addresses, and has the ability to process and analyse huge volumes of data Internet applications using IPv6 would be able to communicate with devices attached to virtually all human-made objects because of the extremely large address space (128 bit) of the IPv6 protocol. According to Cisco. there are potentially 1.5 trillion things could be connected to the Internet, equivalent to about 200 connectable things per person in the world today. Communications Local Area Wireless: RFID, NFC, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth (including Bluetooth Low Energy), XBee, Zigbee, Z-Wave, and Wireless M-Bus. Wired links: Ethernet, HomePlug, HomePNA, HomeGrid/G.hn, and LonWorks Widearea GSM (Global System for Mobile communications), GPRS, 3G, LTE, or WiMAX Professor San Murugesan 6
Typical Characteristics of IoT Nodes System Architecture and Components Simple, secured and scalable two-way connectivity Designing reusability and scalability is the key. Professor San Murugesan 7
The IoT Trends The top trends being exhibited by the IoT IoT: Drivers and Challenges Drivers Proliferation of low cost, smaller, smarter sensors and chips that can be embedded in anything and can communicate over the Internet Explosion of mobile devices Advanced wireless networks Challenges Explosion of new data Security Culture, skills, and business processes Professor San Murugesan 8
IoT: Implications Leading edge companies will use IoT to gain competitive advantage The IoT will result in new innovative applications and services we can dream of today. To benefit from data streams from IoT, it will have to effectively deal with large volumes of data (big data). IoT will trigger new calls for Privacy laws Deployment Considerations Network considerations for the Internet of Things Professor San Murugesan 9
Deployment Considerations IoT Applications 54 application domains under 12 categories (Asin and Gascon): smart cities, smart environment, smart water metering, security and emergencies, retail, logistics, industrial control, smart agriculture, smart animal farming smart animal farming, domestic and home automation, and ehealth. Professor San Murugesan 10
IoT Applications Societal applications: smart cities, telecommunications, medical technology, healthcare, smart buildings, home and office, media, entertainment, and ticketing. Environment-focused applications: agriculture and breeding, recycling, disaster alerting, and environmental monitoring. The Applications To bring technology closer to the people Professor San Murugesan 11
The Applications Creating the future Home Appliances Smart home appliances equipped with innovative M2M connectivity will open up a new era in convenient and efficient home management and quality of life Smart Refrigerator Food management system Allows consumers to check food items stored inside the fridge for information such as location and expiry dates via their smart phones or its built-in LCD panel. The appliance even recommends dishes that can be cooked using the ingredients it happens to be storing Professor San Murugesan 12
IoT Applications Entertainment; performance Healthcare: ICU (intensive care unit) at home IoT Applications Personal apps -- Devices and apps that rely on the internet of things enable consumers to manage their personal exercise regimes, keep tabs on their food intake and monitor their heart rate. Tags in clothing alert wearers to adverts for similar clothes from the same supplier in shopping malls, and stock availability. Car manufacturers and dealers track vehicle wear and tear and alert customers when tyre wear reaches a critical point or when engines or other components are failing or due to be changed. Healthcare services are able to allow patients who would otherwise require long stays in hospital to continue to be monitored and recuperate in their own homes. Sensors in medical apparatus monitor indicators such as heart rate and this data is fed back to medical staff in hospitals who communicate with patients at home by voice and video internet links. Smart refrigerators allow consumers to check stored food items for expiry dates, identify shopping lists and plan menus, accessing this information on their smartphones. Professor San Murugesan 13
IoT Applications (Contd..) Companies are able to develop a deeper and richer understanding of their customers, their preferences and demographic profile. It is possible to deliver individually targeted marketing messages at a time and place (device) that produces optimal results. Advertising campaigns can be informed by real-time market assessments and reactions. Smart water metering produces accurate data about consumption without the need for home visits and automatically alerts customers if consumption patterns are abnormal (which may indicate a water leak). Farmers use temperature and humidity sensors distributed among high-value crops to identify where conditions encourage outbreaks of pests or diseases. Irrigation can be targeted precisely to where water is needed, helping reduce water consumption costs. Smart grids allow utility companies to better understand power use patterns and improve the reliability, efficiency and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity. The electricity grid is improved through the automatic detection and repair of faults, control of electricity flows based on real-time demand, improvements in generator utilisation and more effective use of sustainable energy sources such as wind and solar power The Industrial Internet Pushing the Boundaries of Minds and Machines The Industrial Revolution radically changed the way we use energy and make things. The Internet Revolution altered how we communicate, create and consume information, and spend money. A powerful combination of these two transformations, called the Industrial Internet, now links networks, data and machines. It promises to remake global industry, boost productivity, it and launch an entirely new age of growth. Deeper meshing of the digital world with the physical world promises to bring about profound transformation to global industry and many aspects of daily life. Professor San Murugesan 14
The Industrial Internet: The Power of 1% Professor San Murugesan 15
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Global Energy Flows The Benefits of Internet of Things Professor San Murugesan 17
The IoT: Business Benefits The IoT can bring significant business benefits in five key areas, as identified by Cisco: 1. Enhancing business processes and making more efficient use of assets, reducing expenses and the cost of goods sold; 2. Eliminating waste and improving supply chain and logistics processes; 3. Enhancing the customer experience and growing market share; 4. Using employees more effectively and efficiently; and 5. Creating new revenue streams from new business models and opportunities. A Framework to Identify IoT Applications You can identify potential IoT applications in your domain of interest by addressing such questions as [Gartner]: 1. What might be possible if we knew the real-time location and status of our assets and employees? 2. Could the improved communications that the IoT delivers be used to make our business processes more dynamic, such as using real-time pricing of products depending on stock and demand? 3. How could we exploit remote control and monitoring? 4. How could we exploit large-scale introduction of sensors into our products, assets and other things? Professor San Murugesan 18
The Challenges IoT implementation challenges for research & development Addressing the Issues Data deluge: Huge volumes of data that will be collected from connected devices. According to a rough estimate, more than 2.5 trillion bytes of new data every day will be logged by these systems. We need layers of intelligence to transform this data into actionable information and insights. Analysis of data and its context will play a key role and poses significant challenges. Integration with other systems. IoT applications will integrate data from machines, ERP, CRM systems and social media in real-time, allowing humans to intelligently interact with devices, devices with devices, and devices back to humans. This poses a few integration issues. Security and privacy. As more things are connected, cyberattacks become a major risk and the attacks could cause serious impact. As we expose more of our personal ldata to the IoT and the cloud dinformation i privacy becomes a major concern. We need to incorporate appropriate security measures. Connectivity. Reliable connectivity, including among gateways and the cloud, at an affordable price is the key to the success of IoT. Professor San Murugesan 19
The Role for Public Authorities... The Role for Public Authorities The governance of the Internet of Things Professor San Murugesan 20
Speed Up the Adoption Countries and companies must focus on innovation and invest in deploying the necessary sensors, improve cyber security. Educate a new class of digital-mechanical engineers. the Industrial Internet can transform our industries and lives pushing the boundaries of minds and machines, according to the GE report. IoT Prospects The Internet of Things has the potential to change the world, just as the Internet did -- maybe even more so." The IoT facilitates deployment many new applications and services. IoT is becoming an important priority for academia, industries and governments. Professor San Murugesan 21
Helpful Resources Information Resources The Executive's Guide to the Internet of Things. Internet of Things: Endless Opportunities, Infosys Machine to Machine Technologies: Unlocking the potential of a $1 trillion Industry, AT&T Internet of Things and Ubiquitous Sensing, Computing Now, September 2013 IEEE IoT Site Videos What is The Internet of Things? Potential Applications of IoT How the Internet of Things Will Change Everything--Including Ourselves Publications of Your Interest What we can learn from Steve Jobs IEEE IT Professional; IEEE India Council Newsletter (forthcoming) Succeeding as IT Professional, IEEE IT Professional, Jan 2014 (Extract attached herewith). Articles at IEEE India Council Newsletter 3D Printing: A Game Changer MOOCs: Free Online Courses That You Can Embrace The Internet of Things: Opportunities Abound Professor San Murugesan 22
Free from IEEE Computer Society Computing Now (free online resource) Monthly theme issue (articles free access for a month) News Blogs Each magazine s Web page Selected articles from the current issue for free access CS Digital Library, IEEE Explore San Murugesan & G.R. Gangadharan Wiley-India, 2013 http://bitly.com/10oxnjw Chapter 1. Green IT: An Overview (Free download) Green IT publications & resources at : www.bitly.com/sanprofile Professor San Murugesan 23
Thank you Prof San Murugesan Editor-in-Chief, IEEE IT Professional Director, BRITE Professional Services Adjunct Professor, University of Western Sydney, Australia Email: san@computer org Email: san@computer.org Web: www.bitly.com/sanprofile Professor San Murugesan 24
Succeeding as an IT Professional San Murugesan Extracted from IEEE IT Professional, Jan 2014. In many respects, everyone and everything is increasingly dependent on IT which is now used in manufacturing, communication, banking, education and training, environmental management, governance, and personal applications. Cloud computing, affordable smartphones, mobile computers, broadband wireless networks, social media, smart software and applications, the consumerization of IT, and bring your own device policies are transforming IT applications. We re living in exciting times as we experience this paradigm change in IT. In the coming years, the dependence on IT will only intensify and become more significant. Consequently, society is relying on the IT professionals who conceive, design, develop, deploy, and manage IT systems and applications. As IT professionals, we re expected to satisfactorily address new and ongoing challenges facing IT systems and applications, such as cyber threats, scalability and resilience issues, privacy concerns, increased complexity, and environmental impact. We must develop creative IT enabled solutions to real problems facing the global society. We must also uphold our professional, social, and ethical responsibilities and work collaboratively with other professionals, managers, and colleagues. Clearly, IT professionals must be well schooled in more than the technology basics. We must stay abreast of advances in IT, emerging novel applications, new challenges and issues, and potential opportunities. The half life of knowledge, a term coined in 1962 by the economist Fritz Machlup, describes the time it takes for half the knowledge in a particular domain to be superseded. According to a recent IEEE Spectrum article, the half life of an IT professional s knowledge is now approximately 10 to 12 years. Staying relevant takes dedicated, ongoing self education also known as upskilling. IT professionals must spend seven to 10 hours a week gaining new knowledge to stay current. As IT professionals, we also must learn from our mistakes and failures and continue to improve our practice. We should develop expertise well beyond what an amateur can learn by searching the Web or via word of mouth, at least in one or more areas, and gain broader awareness of other major areas. IT professionals will continue to face the challenge of acquiring the relevant IT knowledge in the face of rapid and continual advances in IT; dealing with the ramification of numerous new technologies; and applying IT knowledge and skills in a sound and professional manner to address real problems of relevance. We must identify, understand, and communicate the organizational and social impacts arising from the use of IT, and the ethical dimensions associated with IT enabled decisions. We also must possess critical evaluation, problem solving, project management, communication, and people skills. We should always be looking toward the future what will happen in the next five to 10 years, and what actions can we take now to prepare for this future? We should also look for points of potential disruption what will change business as usual? Furthermore, IT professionals must deal with cultural clash the attitudinal and philosophical differences between the older generation IT professionals and executives and the newer generation, which is more mobile and social media savvy. IT professionals can and should identify and address real issues and harness the power of IT for the benefit of the business, the industry and society in general...