Arts Education in Arizona Public Schools for the 2012/2013 School Year

Arts Education in Arizona Public Schools for the 2012/2013 School Year An Analysis of the Arizona Highly Qualified Teacher Database Prepared for the Arizona Commission on the Arts and the Arizona Department of Education by Quadrant Research DRAFT SUMMARY FOR REVIEW September 2014

Arts Education in Arizona Public Schools for the 2012/2013 School Year An Analysis of the Arizona Highly Qualified Teacher Database Quadrant Research was provided with the 2012/2013 Highly Qualified Teacher (HQT) data tables for each of the four arts disciplines (dance, music, theatre and visual arts). In addition, Quadrant had access to the 2008/2009 HQT data for music and visual arts to allow for comparative analysis between the two periods (2009 vs. 2013). The Universe of Schools The 2012/2013 HQT data file was compared to the list of all schools (both district and charter schools) available from the Arizona Department of Education serving grades K-12. The data files were reviewed, cleaned and compared with information from the Arizona Department of Education to develop the universe of schools and teachers for this report. For the purposes of this report, for the 2012/2013 school year there were: 1844 Total Schools with 1,048,503 students 1339 District Schools with 902,064 students 505 Charter Schools with 146,439 students The Universe of Teachers and Assignments The data provided contained 3,190 teachers with one or more assignments in an arts discipline (defined as dance, music, theatre and visual arts) for a total of 3,980 assignments. Limitations of the Data This data is part of a self-reporting process by Arizona s schools on all of their teaching positions to the Arizona Department of Education. In 2003, Arizona chose to define the Core Academic Area of the Arts to mean music and visual arts for purposes of the HQT data reporting. As a result, theatre and dance teachers, while captured in the reporting of all teachers in the state, do not have their own tracking within the data collection system, and are therefore difficult to extract from the entirety of teacher records accurately.

Primary Observations Arts Education in Arizona Public Schools for the 2012/2013 School Year Based on the data provided by the Arizona Department of Education from the 2012/2013 HQT data file and the comparison to the 2008/2009 HQT data file and analysis we are able to conclude that the overall condition for arts education, as measured by schools with teacher assignments and overall student access to arts instruction, is improving. Key Highlights: The percentage of students with access to arts education has improved (89% up from 87% in 2009). The number of students without access to any arts education has declined by 18,716 students to a total of 115,487. There has been significant increase in arts education in Charter Schools with the percentage of students with access to either music or visual arts growing from 42% to 6. However, Charter Schools still lag District Schools along most measures. Music and visual arts remain the most common of the arts disciplines (accessible to 84% and 74% of students respectively). Access to dance and theatre remains significantly lower at 16% and 15% of students with access respectively. A greater percentage of schools and students have access to both music AND visual arts. There was an overall net gain of teachers in the arts although there was a decline in the number of arts assignments. Music teachers account for the vast majority of arts teachers assigned to more than one school with 23% of all music teachers serving multiple schools (25% of music teachers in district schools and 9% in charter schools). Smaller schools, regardless of school configuration, are less likely to offer arts education. The majority of students without access to arts education tend to be at the elementary level for District schools and spread across Elementary, High and K-8 level for Charter Schools. 3

ALL SCHOOLS 2013 Student Access to the Arts In Arizona, 89% of all students (representing 933,016 students) have access to at least one art form in 71% of schools (representing 1,308 schools). 11% 89% Schools with NO Arts Students w/o Arts Access Students w/arts Access There are 536 schools reporting no teacher assignments in the arts impacting 115,487 students. This represents 29% of ALL schools and 11% of ALL students. Since 2009, there has been a reduction in the number of students without access by 18,716 students. Of the 115,487 students without access to the arts 5 attend charter schools (39% of charter school students). 29% 11% 71% 89% No Arts Schools Schools w/arts No Arts Students Students w/arts 4

ALL SCHOOLS 2013 Schools Offering Music There are 1,153 schools offering music providing access to 877,560 students. This represents 62.5% of schools and 83.7% of students. 38% 16% 63% 84% Schools w/o Music Schools w/music Schools Offering Music ONLY There are 307 schools offering music ONLY providing access to 156,035 students. This represents 16.7% of schools and 14.9% of students. Students w/o Music Students w/music 17% 15% 83% 85% Schools w/music Only Students w/music Only 5

ALL SCHOOLS 2013 Schools Offering Visual Arts There are 999 schools offering visual arts providing access to 776,053 students. This represents 54.2% of schools and 74% of students. 26% 46% 54% 74% Schools w/o Art Schools w/art Schools Offering Visual Arts ONLY There are 153 schools offering visual arts ONLY providing access to 54,538 students. This represents 8.3% of schools and 5.2% of students. Students w/o Art Students w/art 8% 5% 92% 95% Schools w/art Only Students w/art Only 6

ALL SCHOOLS 2013 Schools Offering Music AND Visual Arts There are 846 schools offering both music AND visual arts providing access to 721,525 students. This represents 45.8% of schools and 68.8% of students. 31% 54% 46% 69% Schools Offering Dance Schools w/music & Art There are 90 schools offering dance providing access to 168,251 students. This represents 4.8% of schools and 16% of students. Students w/music & Art 5% 16% 95% 84% Schools w/o Dance Schools w/dance Students w/o Dance Students w/dance 7

ALL SCHOOLS 2013 Schools Offering Theatre There are 91 schools offering theatre providing access to 156,954 students. This represents 4.9% of schools and 15% of students. 5% 15% 95% 85% Schools w/o Theatre Schools w/theatre Schools Offering all Four Arts Disciplines Students w/o Theatre There are 52 schools offering all four arts disciplines (dance, music, theatre, visual arts) to 108,653 students. This represents 2.8% of schools and 10.4% of students. Students w/theatre 3% 1 97% 9 Schools w/all Arts Students w/all Arts 8

DISTRICT SCHOOLS 2013 Student Access to the Arts In District Schools 93.6% of all students have access to one or more arts disciplines. 6% 94% Schools with NO Arts Students w/o Arts Access Students w/arts Access There are 251 District Schools reporting no teacher assignments in the arts impacting 57,998 students. This represents 18.8% of ALL schools and 6.4% of ALL students. 19% 6% 81% 94% Schools w/o Arts Schools w/arts Student w/o Arts Schools w/arts 9

DISTRICT SCHOOLS 2013 Schools Offering Music There are 1,016 District Schools offering music providing access to 813,081 students. This represents 75.9% of schools and 9 of students. 24% 1 76% 9 Schools w/o Music Schools w/music Schools Offering Music ONLY There are 264 District Schools offering music ONLY providing access to 141,931 students. This represents 19.7% of schools and 15.7% of students. Students w/o Music Students w/music 2 16% 8 84% Schools w/music Only Students w/music Only 10

DISTRICT SCHOOLS 2013 Schools Offering Visual Arts There are 824 District Schools offering visual arts providing access to 702,135 students. This represents 61% of schools and 77.8% of students. 39% 22% 61% 78% Schools w/o Art Schools w/art Schools Offering Visual Arts ONLY There are 72 District Schools offering visual arts ONLY providing access to 30,985 students. This represents 5.4% of schools and 3.4% of students. Students w/o Art Students w/art 5% 3% 95% 97% Schools w/art Only Students w/art Only 11

DISTRICT SCHOOLS 2013 Schools Offering Music AND Visual Arts There are 752 District Schools offering both music AND visual arts providing access to 671,150 students. This represents 56.2% of schools and 74.4% of students. 26% 44% 56% 74% Schools Offering Dance Schools w/music & Art There are 88 District Schools offering dance providing access to 167,427 students. This represents 6.5% of schools and 18.6% of students. Students w/music & Art 7% 19% 94% 81% Schools w/o Dance Schools w/dance Students w/o Dance Students w/dance 12

DISTRICT SCHOOLS 2013 Schools Offering Theatre There are 87 District Schools offering theatre providing access to 155,088 students. This represents 6.5% of schools and 17.2% of students. 7% 17% 94% 83% Schools w/o Theatre Schools w/theatre Schools Offering all Four Arts Disciplines Students w/o Theatre There are 52 District Schools offering all four arts disciplines (dance, music, theatre, visual arts) to 108,635 students. This represents 3.9% of schools and 12% of students. Students w/theatre 4% 12% 96% 88% Schools w/all Arts Students w/all Arts 13

CHARTER SCHOOLS Student Access 60.7% of all students in Charter Schools have access to one of more arts disciplines. 39% 61% Schools with NO Arts Students w/o Arts Schools w/arts There are 285 Charter Schools reporting no teacher assignments in the arts impacting 57,589 students. This represents 56.4% of schools and 39.3% of students. 44% 56% 61% 39% Schools w/o Arts Schools w/arts Students w/o Arts Schools w/arts 14

CHARTER SCHOOLS Schools Offering Music There are 137 Charter Schools offering music providing access to 64,479 students. This represents 27.1% of schools and 44% of students. 3 56% 44% 7 Schools w/o Music Schools w/music Schools Offering Music ONLY There are 43 Charter Schools offering music ONLY providing access to 14,104 students. This represents 8.5% of schools and 9.6% of students. Students w/o Music Students w/music 9% 1 92% 9 Schools w/music Only Students w/music Only 15

CHARTER SCHOOLS Schools Offering Visual Arts There are 175 Charter Schools offering visual arts providing access to 73,918 students. This represents 34.7% of schools and 50.5% of students. 37% 5 51% 63% Schools w/o Art Schools w/art Schools Offering Visual Arts ONLY There are 81 Charter Schools offering visual arts ONLY providing access to 23,543 students. This represents 16.1% of schools and 16% of students. Students w/o Art Students w/art 16% 16% 84% 84% Schools w/art Only Students w/art Only 16

CHARTER SCHOOLS Schools Offering Music AND Visual Arts There are 94 Charter Schools offering both music AND visual arts providing access to 50,375 students. This represents 18.6% of schools and 34.4% of students. 19% 34% 81% 66% Schools Offering Dance Schools w/music & Art There are 2 Charter Schools offering dance providing access to 824 students. This represents 0.4% of schools and 0.6% of students. Students w/music & Art 1% 10 99% Schools w/o Dance Schools w/dance Students w/o Dance Students w/dance 17

CHARTER SCHOOLS Schools Offering Theatre There are 4 Charter Schools offering theatre providing access to 1,866 students. This represents 0.8% of schools and 1.3% of students. 1% 1% 99% 99% Schools w/o Theatre Schools w/theatre Schools Offering all Four Arts Disciplines Students w/o Theatre Students w/theatre There is 0 Charter Schools offering all four arts (dance, music, theatre, visual arts). 10 Schools w/all Arts 18

DISTRICT/CHARTER SCHOOLS COMPARISON Schools With No Arts Comparison There are 536 schools in Arizona with no arts programs. This represents 115,785 students. The breakdown: District Schools: 251 schools (18.8%) representing 57,998 students (6.4%) Charter Charter: 285 schools (56.4%) representing 57,489 students (39.3%) 6 45% 56.4% 3 39.3% 15% 18.8% At Least One Arts Discipline Taught There are 1308 schools in Arizona with at least one arts discipline taught. This represents 933,016 students. The breakdown: 6.4% % of Schools % of Students District Charter District: 1,088 schools (81.2%) representing 844,066 students (93.6%) Charter: 220 schools (43.5%) representing 88,950 students (60.7%) 10 75% 81.2% 93.6% 5 25% 43.5% 60.7% % of Schools % of Students District Charter 19

DISTRICT/CHARTER SCHOOLS COMPARISON Music AND Visual Arts Offered There are 856 schools in Arizona with both music and visual arts. This represents 721,525 students. The breakdown: District: 752 schools (56.2%) representing 671,150 students (74.4%) Charter: 94 schools (18.6%) representing 50,375 students (34.4%) 8 6 56.2% 74.4% 4 2 18.66% 34.4% % of Schools % of Students District Charter All Four Arts Disciplines There are 52 District schools (3.2%) in Arizona providing all four arts disciplines representing 106,635 students (12%). No Charter schools offer all four arts disciplines. The breakdown: 12% 12% 9% 6% 3% 3.2% % of Schools % of Students District Charter 20

DISTRICT/CHARTER SCHOOLS COMPARISON The Number of Students Without Access to Any Arts In 2009 the number of students WITHOUT access to arts instruction was 134,203. In 2013, the number of students without arts instruction declined to 115,487. This was an improvement of 18,716 students or 2%. 140,000 112,000 84,000 134,203 115,487 56,000 28,000 0 Change in Arts Disciplines Offered An increase in arts disciplines was reported by 197 Schools (138 District, 59 Charter) or 11% of all schools. A decrease in arts disciplines 98 Schools (84 District, 14 Charter) or 5% of all schools. There was no change in the number of arts disciplines for 1549 schools (1117 District, 432 Charter) or 84% of all schools. Between 2009 and 2013 there was a net gain of 99 arts teachers. District 2009 2013 9 75% 84% 6 45% 3 15% 11% 5% District Increase Decrease Stayed the Same 21

DISTRICT/CHARTER SCHOOLS COMPARISON The Percentage of Schools with HQT Music OR Visual Arts The percentage of schools with highly qualified teachers in music or visual arts increased from 8 in 2009 to 81% in 2013 for District Schools and from 3 to 43% for Charter Schools. 9 67.5% 8 81% 45% 22.5% 3 43% The Percentage of Students with HQT for Music OR Visual Arts The percentage of students with highly qualified teachers in music or visual arts increased from 92% in 2009 to 94% in 2013 for District Schools and from 42% to 6 for Charter Schools. District 2009 2013 Charter 10 75% 92% 94% 5 6 25% 42% District 2009 2013 Charter 22

DISTRICT/CHARTER SCHOOLS COMPARISON The Percentage of Schools with HQT Music AND Visual Arts The percentage of schools with highly qualified teachers for both music and visual arts increased from 51% in 2009 to 56% in 2013 for District Schools and from 11% to 19% for Charter Schools. 6 45% 51% 56% 3 15% District 19% 11% Charter 2009 2013 The Percentage of Students with HQT Music AND Visual Arts The percentage of students with highly qualified teachers for both music and visual arts increase from 69% in 2009 to 74% in 2013 for District Schools and from 18% to 34% for Charter Schools. 8 6 69% 74% 4 2 18% 34% District 2009 2013 Charter 23

TEACHER COMPARISON School Size (Enrollment) When schools are grouped base on their enrollment levels a clear trend appears. Schools with smaller enrollments are less likely to provide any arts instruction when compared to schools with larger enrollments. 10 8 6 % of Schools with Arts Instruction based on Enrollment 94% 96% 98% 97% 89% 77% 63% 53% 99% 4 2 2 36% <100 <200 <300 <400 <500 <600 <700 <800 <900 <1000 >1000 The finding holds when looking at the percentage of students with access to arts instruction based on school enrollment and school type (District/Charter). 10 8 6 4 2 District Schools Charter Schools 98% 99% 10 93% 95% 82% 83% 81% 8 68% 57% 56% 49% 36% 36% 22% 18% 45% 41% 10 83% <100 <200 <300 <400 <500 <600 <700 <800 <900 <1000 >1000 24

TEACHER COMPARISON Grade Span The percent of schools with arts is fairly constant across school configurations. Charter Schools with a K-12 configuration are most likely to have arts programs among all Charter Schools while District Schools with a K-12 configuration are least likely to have programs among all District Schools. 10 75% 75% 8 81% 81% 95% 89% 92% 5 62% 59% 65% 58% 5 65% 39% 39% 4 37% 25% Elementary High K-8 K-12 Middle All Schools Charter Schools District Schools 25

TEACHER COMPARISON County Comparison The percentage of students with access to the arts is highest in Maricopa County (93%) and lowest in Cochise County (52%). 10 75% 72% 9 8 76% 76% 93% 78% 86% 86% 85% 9 78% 85% 62% 5 52% 25% Apache Cochise Coconino Gila Graham Greenlee La Paz Maricopa Mohave Navajo Pima Pinal Santa Cruz Yavapai Yuma 26

TEACHERS Music Teachers 2012/13 (District/Charter/) There are 1,780 music teachers (1,573/207) covering 2,374 school assignments (2,144/227/3). There are 410 music teachers (391/19) with multiple school assignments representing 23% of all music teachers. 95% of multiple school assignments occur in the public schools. 132 music teachers have multiple schools assignments of more than 2 schools (32% of teachers with multiple assignments). 25% of district school music teachers have multiple school assignments vs. 9% for charter school music teachers. 2008/2009 (All Teachers Only) There were 1,733 music teachers covering 2,514 school assignments. There were 353 music teachers with multiple school assignments (20.3% of all music teachers had multiple school assignments). 164 music teachers have multiple schools assignments of more than 2 schools (46.4% of music teachers with multiple assignments). 2009-2013 Comparison: There was a net gain of 47 music teachers (2.7%) between 2009 and 2013. There are 47 more music teachers with multiple assignments. Total assignments decreased from 2,514 2,374 (5.6% decline). The number of music teachers covering more than 2 schools declined from 164 to 132 between the periods. 27

TEACHERS Visual Arts Teachers 2012/13 (District/Charter/) There are 1304 visual arts teachers (1091/214/7) covering 1492 school assignments (1250/242/7). There are 138 visual arts teachers (112/26) with multiple school assignments. 30 visual arts teachers have multiple schools assignments of more than 2 schools (19%). 10.2% of district school visual teachers have multiple school assignments vs. 12.1% for charter school visual arts teachers. 2008/2009 (All Teachers Only) There were 1,291 visual arts teachers covering 1,438 school assignments. There were 105 visual arts teachers with multiple school assignments (8.1% of all visual arts teachers). 26 visual arts teachers have multiple school assignments covering more than 2 schools (24.7% of visual arts teachers with multiple assignments). 2009-2013 Comparison: There was a net gain of 13 (1%) visual arts teachers between 2009 and 2013. There are 23 more teachers with multiple schools assignments. Total assignments decreased to 1,492 from 1,438 (3.6% decline). The number of visual arts teachers covering more than 2 schools increased from 26 to 30 between the periods. 28

TEACHERS Dance Teachers Data for dance teachers was only available for the 2012/2013 school year. There are 113 dance teachers covering 114 school assignments in 90 schools. Only 2 charter schools reported having a dance teacher. Theatre Teachers Data for theatre teachers was only available for the 2012/2013 school year. There are 96 theatre teachers covering 97 school assignments in 91 schools. Only 4 charter schools reported having theatre teacher. 29