Balancing Active and Passive Safety Dnr: 2011-01146 Cecilia Sunnevång Ulrich Sander, Ola Boström September 17 th, 2015 Driven for Life.
Background US legal & rating Automated Driving NHTSA Oblique (potential) Euro NCAP rating Rear Seat Improved passive Full Frontal Crash safety Human Machine Interface WorlSID Dummy Pedestrian Protection Autonomous Emergency Braking 2014 2016 2018 Far Side Protection (potential) Advanced sensors Driver monitoring System Highway assist incl. Overtaking function Traffic Jam Assist incl. Active steering Semi-auto Parking function 2014 2018 2022 300 000 200 000 100 000 0 Balance between passive and active safety necessary! Year 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 Severe accidents with injured car occupants (Germany, Source: Destatis/GIDAS) Source: T. Unselt, Daimler, VDI conference 2013
Balancing Active and Passive Safety Objective Develop a methodology for prospective effectiveness estimations of present and future in-vehicle safety systems.
Severe Accidents, car - car GIDAS 2003 2013, MAIS3+F 2020 LSS AEB ESC SLA FCW AEB LDW BLIS Text inside column = System on the market
Virtual Tool for Integrated Safety Vehicle model Road environment Driver behavior and occupant model PRAEDICO = Prediction of Accident Evolution by Diversification of Influence factors in Computer simulation
Virtual Tool for Integrated Safety Input - Accident Reconstruction & Output - Baseline Simulation Baseline: Collision Speed: 93 km/h
Simulation Left turn across Baseline ADAS turning Today ADAS oncoming ADAS turning & oncoming Added benefit?
PRAEDICO Simulation Scenarios Baseline ADAS Turning ADAS Turning and Oncoming
Simulation Results ADAS turning ADAS turning 100,0% Vehicles are equipped with ADAS turning Remaining Accidents 90,0% 80,0% 70,0% 60,0% 50,0% 40,0% 30,0% 20,0% 10,0% 0,0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Fleet Penetration Warning, turning vehicle AEB, turning vehicle
Simulation Results ADAS turning & oncoming ADAS turning & oncoming 100,0% Vehicles are equipped with ADAS turning and oncoming Remaining Accidents 90,0% 80,0% 70,0% 60,0% 50,0% 40,0% 30,0% 20,0% 10,0% 0,0% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Fleet Penetration Warning, turning & oncoming vehicle AEB, turning & oncoming vehicle
Simulation Results ADAS turning AEB turning - Impact type of reamining accidents Front Impacts Right Side Impacts Left Side Impacts Impact Type 100,0% 90,0% 80,0% 70,0% 60,0% 50,0% 40,0% 30,0% 20,0% 10,0% 0,0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Market Penetration AEB - turning - Closing velocity of remaining accidents Closing Velocity [km/h] Front Impact Mean-Cl.V Right Side Impact Mean-Cl.V Left Side Impact Mean-Cl.V 80,0 70,0 60,0 50,0 40,0 30,0 20,0 10,0 0,0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Market Penetration
Conclusions Virtual tool for pre-crash evaluation developed Important to consider car fleet penetration to evaluate accident avoidance and mitigation Absolute number of left side impacts increases Output of from the virtual tool drives the input for the design of passive safety!
Balancing Active and Passive Safety - Future Accident data Real life data Test scenario Occupant injury risk
Balancing Active and Passive Safety - Future Occupant injury risk evaluation using crash test dummies: THOR (frontal/oblique) WorldSID (side) For complex scenarios and multiple iterations human body models are needed!
Balancing Active and Passive Safety - Future Expand virtual simulation tool P.E.A.R.S Driver behaviour Comfort bounderies Improve Human Body Models Injury prediction (FFI) Muscular response (FFI)
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