Sources of Competitive Advantages in the 21 st Century Conference of the World Economy Research Institute Warsaw School of Economics 4./5.6.2009 Education standards in Intellectual Property Rights in German Speaking Countries Andreas Bielig
Contents 1. Introduction 2. Participating Institutions 3. Main Fields and Intersections 4. Future Challenges 5. Executive Summary 2
1. Introduction Intellectual Property Rights include Copyrights, Trademarks, Designs, Patents / Utility Models and Topography Protection Long tradition of Education in IPR in academic Faculties of Law Economic Works developed in field of Economic Analysis of Law (juridical and U.S.-American descended) Demand for economic IPR-Know How comes from Practice Side (Patent and Trademark Offices, Patent Courts and Knowledge based Enterprises) and Theory/Applied Research (Research Institutions & Universities) Level of Standardization actually low (academic degrees, curricula, text books etc.) 3
2. Participating Institutions Engagements driven by institutional purposes induce education variety Cooperation and Networking as dominant Education Strategy Main Players: Universities Research Centers Governmental IPR Organizations NGO s or private Institutions Sharing of IPR-knowledge and human ressources, access to target groups and network effects as main targets 4
2. Participating Institutions Universities: Augsburg, Bayreuth, Basel, Humboldt Berlin, Dresden, Düsseldorf, Graz, Fernuni Hagen, Kaiserslautern, Konstanz, Leipzig, Mannheim, LMU München, TU München, Saarbrücken, St. Gallen Research Centers: Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik Bonn, DFG Graduiertenkolleg Bayreuth, Fraunhofer Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung Karlsruhe, Hamburgisches Weltwirtschaftsinstitut, Institut für Technikfolgenabschätzung und Systemanalyse Karlsruhe, Institut für Weltwirtschaft Kiel, MPI München, Munich Intellectual Property Law Center Governmental IPR Organizations Bundesministerium der Justiz, Bundespatentgericht, Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt, European Patent Office Other Institutions Bundesverband der deutschen Industrie, Industrie- und Handelskammer, Internationale Vereinigung für den Schutz des Geistigen Eigentums (AIPPI), Patentanwaltskammer, Bundesrechtsanwaltskammer 5
3. Main Fields and Intersections Categories: Copyrights, Trademarks, Designs, Patents, Utility Models and Topographies (core zones and overlapping areas) Protection approaches: Product, Process, Information, Property Right Influencing fields: Business Law & Policy Antitrust L&P Media, Telecommunications and Internet L&P International Trade L&P Innovation & Technology L&P Public Health L&P 6
3. Main Fields and Intersections Topics of Economic Education: (I) Property Rights: Competition on markets for goods and for ideas Priority Principle for IPR, Influence of Research Risks for R&D-Activities Enforcement Costs and R&D Low R&D as implication of Compulsory License Contracts Compulsory Licences and Tragedy of the Anticommons Duration and Scope of IPR Public Financing of R&D and Governmental Innovation Policy Author s Rights and Right to Transfer 7
3. Main Fields and Intersections Topics of Economic Education: (II) Innovation and Competition: Marketable vs. Nonmarketable Inventions Patent Races Welfare optimal Patent Duration Patent Licensing, Research Cooperations Strategic Timing of Innovation Evolutionary Approaches 8
3. Main Fields and Intersections Topics of Economic Education: (III) Piracy and Counterfeiting: Trademark Piracy, Product Piracy and Process Piracy Competition with Piracy Strategies against Pirats - Prevention or Defence Market Barriers, Isolation and Erosion of Competitive Advantages Business Strategies in IPR and Instrumental Mix Management of IPR Portfolios Illegal Usage or Professional Copy Piracy Race of Producers and Pirats, Optimal Protection Know-how Spillovers in R&D, Production and Marketing 9
3. Main Fields and Intersections Topics of Economic Education: (IV) Actual Technological Developments IP in the Virtual Space: Technical Filters Domain Parking Voice over IP Protection of Databases Trusted Computing Phishing 10
4. Future Challenges Future Challenges for IPR Education: Technological Development Knowledge Spillovers Economic Production Incentives Fair Use of IPR protected works and Public Domain Free Content Digital Rights Management Developing Countries & international Regulation of IPR Biological Ressources Anticommons Phenomenon Regulation through Law vs. Regulation through Technology Valuation of IPR 11
4. Future Challenges an alternative Approach 12
4. Future Challenges an alternative Approach 13
5. Executive Summary (Still) Low level of Standardization in economic education of IPR Status quo reflects teaching tradition by Faculties of Law Tendency towards international institutional cooperation and network building Potential Partners are Research Centers, Patent Offices, Ministries and national/international IPR-Organizations Main driving forces (in the education) are (still) technological and market developments 14
Thank you for your attention! Andreas Bielig