Burnham-Moores Center for Real Estate University of San Diego Master of Science in Real Estate Presentation. Green Roofs.

Burnham-Moores Center for Real Estate University of San Diego Master of Science in Real Estate Presentation Green Roofs February 26, 2013 Inna Panchuk

Agenda When? Historical Background What? Description and Types of Green Roofs How? Technological Description Why? Cost and Benefits of Green Roof Technology Policies and Regulations Alternative Products Recommendations Summary

A Glimpse on History When it all started 600 B.C.- Hanging Gardens Of Babylon Viking and Middle Ages - Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Denmark)

20 th Century Timeline Reinhard Bornkam 1961 Austria, Hubderwasser Haus 1986 Japan, Fukuoka Hall 1995 Chicago City Hall 2001 Chicago Millennium Park 2004 1975 The Landscape Research, Development & Construction Society, Germany 1993 Nine Houses, Switzerland, 1998 LEED Points 2003 Ford Cente r MI 2008 Bank of America Tower, New York

Green Roofs Today

Where are we right now? Source: http://chesapeakestormwater.net/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2012/05/2012greenroofindustrysurvey.pdf

Green Roof / Living Roof / Vegetative Roof / Ecoroof Sources: http://dcgreenworks.org/programs/rainwater-conservation-and-reuse/green-roofs-2-0/

Extensive (Low- profile/ Ecoroofs) Soil depth: 3 6 inches Lighter in weight: 15-50 lb/sf Less expensive: $5 - $15/s Little or no irrigation Low maintenance Slopes up to 30 degrees and higher Low plant diversity Non - accessible Intensive (High-profile/ Roof Gardens) Deep soil: 6-15 inches or more Heavy : 35 150 lbs/sf More expensive : $25 - $40+/sf Irrigation system required High maintenance (more expertise) Relatively flat High plant diversity (Park) Designed for recreation

Technological Systems 1. Complete Systems Soprema, Hydrotech Roofscapes 2. Modular Systems Greengrid, Green Roof Block 3. Pre-Cultivated Blankets Sempergreen, Toyota Roof Garden Co

Benefits: Public 1. Reduced Urban Heat Island Profile Source: http://cnx.org/content/m43321/latest/graphics1.jpg

On an typical summer day, Chicago City Hall green roof measured almost 80F (40C) cooler than the conventional roof Source: Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies

Benefits : Public 2. Reduced Air Pollution and Green House Emissions The plants on green roofs can capture airborne pollutants such as Particular Matter 1,000 sf green roof removes about 40 lbs PM = 15 cars emissions Filter noxious gases. Demand on power plants Amount of CO2 and other polluting by-products

Benefits : Public 3. Stormwater Retention: Summer: Green roofs retain 70-90% of the precipitation that falls on them; Winter: 25-40%. Act as natural filters Decreased stress on sewer systems. Comparison of roof runoff for conventional roofs and green roofs Source: http://www.greenroofs.org/resources/greenroofvisionfordc.pdf

1. Energy Efficiency Benefits : Private

Summer: An extensive green roof reduces the daily energy demand for air conditioning in the summer by 50% - 75%. Winter: The additional insulation provided by the growing medium helps to decrease the amount of energy required to heat the building Source: Liu K. Thermal Performance of Green Roofs Through Field Evaluation

2. Longer Roof Lifespan Reduces daily expansion and contraction caused by temperature fluctuations Shields roof from Sun s harmful UV rays Protects from abrasion and physical wear Extends service life of underlying waterproofing system Source: Liu K. Thermal Performance of Green Roofs Through Field Evaluation

3. Sound Insulation 12 cm (5") of growing medium alone can reduce sound by 40 db. 4. Fire Resistance 5. Extra LEED Points Potential 33 points

Other Benefits Therapy Agriculture Aesthetics Public Relations Higher Property Value Creation of Habitat Job Creation

Disadvantages Higher Initial Cost Higher Maintenance Cost Possibility of water leaks Lack of expertise Lack of knowledge

Case Study: Cost Benefit Evaluation of Ecoroofs, Portland 2008 Diego

Policies Copenhagen, Denmark Green Roofs required for all new buildings with roof slopes < 30 Portland, OR FAR Bonus: Developers may build an extra 3 sq/ft per foot of green roof Toronto, Canada Green Roof By-law: Green Roofs required for all new development above 200 sq/m, January 31, 2010. Vancouver, B.C., Canada Port Coquitlam Green Roof By-law: All new commercial and industrial buildings over 5000 square meters must have a green roof. New York City Bill S7553: one-year tax abatement for green roofs that cover at least 50% of the available roof space and solar panel installation + direct financial subsidies Tokyo, Japan Green roofs required for 20% of all new flat roof surfaces on government buildings and 10% of all new flat roof surfaces on private buildings

Alternative Options Cool Roof Low initial expense Virtually maintenance free Last 30 to 40 years Less benefits Photovoltaic Roof Recent drop in prices Low Maintenance Lasts 25 years Only energy savings

Recommendations 1. Create a variety of incentive packages in conjunction with regulation 2. Energy Star standardized rating 3. Green roof ready construction 4. Combination of different roof types 5. Conduct research and compile performance data 6. Provide technical assistance (green roof specialist position) 7. Increase education and cultivate a culture of urban environmental awareness around green roofs

Summary

Summary More benefits than alternative products: Improved stormwater management for buildings Reductions to the Heat Island Effect Increased health Energy conservation and noise reduction Reduced demand on the municipal sewer systems and potential lower fees Extension of roof life Reductions in air pollution

Initial and maintenance costs are high More research should be done Convenient and more affordable construction materials are needed for lower costs Higher public awareness Policy support from the government is crucial.

Thank you

Resources suggested for further reading Green Roofs for Healthy Cities www.greenroofs.ca Rooftop Gardens Resource Group www.interlog.com/~rooftop/ Greenbacks from Green Roofs Report. www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/publications/en/rh-pr/tech/01-101_e.pdf Buildings Innovation www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/en/burema/himu/buin/buin_009.cfm Green Roofs for Healthy Cities <www.greenroofs.org> Greenroofs.com <www.greenroofs.com> Chicago Green Roof Program <www.chicagogreenroofs.org> University Programs: <www hrt msu edu/greenroof> - Michigan State University <http://hortweb cas psu edu/research/greenroofcenter> - Penn State University <www bae ncsu edu/greenroofs> - North Carolina State University <www stormwater ucf edu/> - The University of Central Florida <http://commons bcit ca/greenroof/> -The British Columbia Institute of Technology

Resources suggested for further reading Voluntary Efforts: <www chicagogreenroofs org> <www atlantaga gov/mayor/energyconservationgreenroof aspx> <http://egov cityofchicago org> <www toronto ca/greenroofs/incentiveprogram htm> U.S. Department of Energy Federal Technology Alert: Green Roofs www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/ 36060.pdf Green Roofs as Urban Ecosystems: Ecological Structures, Functions, and Services <www.aibs.org/biosciencepress-releases/resources/11-07. pdf> National Roofing Contractors Association Green Roof Systems Manual <www.nrca.net/rp/pubstore/ details.aspx?id=450> Los Angeles Green Roof Resources Guide <www.fypower.org/pdf/la_ GreenRoofsResource Guide.pdf>

Green Roof dc greenworks." 2012. 26 Feb. 2013 References <http://dcgreenworks.org/programs/rainwater-conservation-and-reuse/green-roofs-2-0/> "Green Roofs Benefits and Cost Implications - Sustainable Eastside." 2005. 26 Feb. 2013 <http://www.sustainable-eastside.net/green%20roofs%20report%202.07.05.pdf> "IGRA Information on Green Roofs Green Roof Types." 2008. 26 Feb. 2013 <http://www.igra-world.com/types_of_green_roofs/index.php> "FAQ's vegetation blankets - Sempergreen." 2012. 26 Feb. 2013 <http://www.sempergreen.com/en/related-info/faqs-vegetation-blankets> "Green Roof Benefits." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.greenroofs.org/index.php/about/greenroofbenefits> "Green Roofs Heat Island Effect US EPA." 2008. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.epa.gov/heatisland/mitigation/greenroofs.htm> "Cost Benefit Evaluation of Ecoroofs - City of Portland, Oregon." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.portlandoregon.gov/bes/article/261053> "Annual Green Roof Industry Survey for 2011 - Chesapeake..." 27 Feb. 2013 <http://chesapeakestormwater.net/wpcontent/uploads/downloads/2012/05/2012greenroofindustrysurvey.pdf> "DDC COOL & GREEN ROOFING MANUAL - NYC.gov." 2008. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/cool_green_roof_man.pdf> "Green Roof Incentives + Partnerships The 2010 Resource Guide..." 2010. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.epa.gov/heatisld/resources/pdf/10june2010-saraloveland.pdf>

References Liu, K. and B. Baskaran. 2003. Thermal Performance of Green Roofs Through Field Evaluation (PDF). National Research Council of Canada. Report No. NRCC-46412. Peck, S. and M. Kuhn. 2003. Design Guidelines for Green Roofs (PDF) (22 pp, 551K). Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and the Ontario Association of Architects Beckman, S.; Jones, S.; Liburdy, K. and Peters, C., "Greening Our Cities: An Analysis of the Benefits and Barriers Associated with Green Roofs". Portland State University, Planning Workshop, 1997. "Green Roof Incentives + Partnerships The 2010 Resource Guide..." 2010. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.epa.gov/heatisld/resources/pdf/10june2010-saraloveland.pdf> "Solar Energy and Green Roofs - Green Roof Technology." 2011. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.greenrooftechnology.com/solar_pv_greenroofs> "Public Display - VSF 2009 Projects." 2010. 27 Feb. 2013 http://www.virtualsciencefair.org/display2003/publicdisplay2009.asp "Green Roof Benefits." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.greenroofs.org/index.php/about/greenroofbenefits> "Cost Benefit Evaluation of Ecoroofs - City of Portland, Oregon." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.portlandoregon.gov/bes/article/261053>

"Green Roof Legislation, Policies and Tax Incentives - Green Walls..." 2009. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.myplantconnection.com/green-roofs-legislation.php> "Solar Energy and Green Roofs - Green Roof Technology." 2011. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.greenrooftechnology.com/solar_pv_greenroofs> Zachary Shahan. "Green Roofs & Solar Panels: The Future of Renewable Energy..." 27 Feb. 2013 <http://cleantechnica.com/2012/07/11/green-roofs-solar-panels-the-future-ofrenewable-energy/> "Solar Costs Dependent On Variety Of Factors - Soluxe Solar." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.soluxesavings.com/solar-costs-dependent-variety-factors-a-19.html> "An Economic Analysis of Green Roofs: - Sustainable Technologies..." 2007. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.sustainabletechnologies.ca/portals/_rainbow/documents/gr_econ.pdf> "Green Roofs Benefits and Cost Implications - Sustainable Eastside." 2005. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.sustainable-eastside.net/green%20roofs%20report%202.07.05.pdf>