PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE ACCIDENT DATA Irene Isaksson-Hellman If Insurance Company P&C Ltd.
Vulnerable road users 2
Number Number Official accident statistics 45 35 4 3 35 25 3 25 2 2 15 15 1 1 5 5 5 4 5 4 3 5 3 2 5 2 1 5 1 5 Road traffic accidents with severe personal injury Road traffic accidents with fatal injury reported by the police reported by the police Persons severely injured in road traffic accidents (hospitalized for a period of about 24 hours or more). Pedestrian Cyklist Cyclist Mopedist Motorcycle Passenger car Other Pedestrian Cyclist MC-moped Passenger car Heavy vehicle Bus Other -Injured vulnerable road users are often underreported in official statistics -An accurate view of road safety demands good representation of all road users and possible injuries, especially serious and incapacitating injuries. -Additional information is needed to supplement the knowledge of pedestrian and bicycle accidents. 3
Pedestrian accident data based on insurance claims Passenger car and pedestrian collisions are identified and continously collected using motor insurance claims reported by the third party liability insurance, which cover damage to property and personal injuries Insurance claims data include crashes of all severity levels from minor damage to crashes with fatal outcome. This gives a holistic view of crash severity and a broad spectra of situations as well as detailed information of each accident. Data are collected from the insurance company If, which insures about 25% of all cars in Sweden with a high share of new cars. Accidents with different types of passenger cars all around Sweden are collected.
Methods, data collection -Detailed information is coded using collision descriptions both from the driver and the pedestrian -Information from police reports (if existing) -Sketches on accident scenarios - First call to the pedestrian (if injured) -Injury reports -Whitness information Traffic environment -road type -speed limit -intersection Demografic -age -gender Accidentcircumstances -alcohol -visibility -braking Weather, time and other circumstances Pedestrian database Two databases with over 1 variables each => 1. Pedestrian and passenger car collisions, today approx ~ 6 accidents 2. Bicyclist and passenger car collisions, today approx ~ 7 accidents
When Accident Distribution over the Year Accident Distribution over the Year 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 1 8 6 4 1 8 6 4 2 2 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Most bicycle collisions occur between 7-8 a.m. in the morning and between 4-5 p.m. in the afternoon Pedestrian accidents are most frequent around 4-5 p.m. in the afternoon 6
Environment and weather conditions Weather Conditions, Pedestrians Weather Conditions, Cyclists 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 % 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 % About 85-9% of the accidents happen in urban areas And in about 75% of the accidents the speedlimit is 5km/h or less Impact speed influence the injury risk, but less severe accidents can also result in incapacitating injuries that must be considered 7
Light conditions Light Conditions, Pedestrian Light Conditions, Cyclist 2 4 6 8 1 % 2 4 6 8 1 % Even if most accidents happens in daylight, good weather and where the speedlimits are low, factors as darkness, bad weather, age and impact speed are factors increasing the risk of more serious injuries. 8
% % % Number of journeys Age and Gender 25 Age distributions Driver/Pedestrian 25 16 Age for pedestrian accidents and Age distributions Driver/Cyclist number of 'journeys' per agegroup 6 2 15 Driver Pedestrian 14 2 12 1 15 8 Driver Cyclist 5 4 3 1 5 6 1 4 2 5 2 1-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 84- Age 6-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 -14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 84- Pedestrian accidents Age Number of Journeys 77,11 Gender distributions Driver/Pedestrian Male Female Gender distributions Driver/Cyclist Male Female 68,4 61,21 5,23 49,54 38,79 29,68 22,25 Driver Pedestrian Driver Cyclist 9
Injury distribution Pedestrian Cyclist Moderate injuries 39% Minor injuries 46% Serious to fatal injuries 13% No injuries 2% Minor injuries 73% Moderate injuries 21% Serious to fatal injuries 5% No injuries 1% 1
Accident categories, Cyclists Intersection scenarios; 76,7 Same / opposite direction 13,2 Dooropening ; 4,3 Reversing; 2 Parking lot; 1,6 11
Intersection scenarios Intersection scenarios; 76,7 Intersections scenarios include Intersections of roadways with and without bicycle path Driveways intersecting a road with and without bicycle path Roundabouts with and without bicycle path 12
% % Intersections of roadways with bicycle path, scenarios 4 35 3 25 % 2 15 1 5 Intersection with bicycle path Half of all intersecting accidents occur at intersections of roadways with bicycle path Bicycle path, car driving straight ahead Bicycle path, car turning Intersection with bicycle path car driving straight ahead Intersection with bicycle path turning car 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Accident categories, Pedestrians Pedestrian accidents Reversing 1% Other 31% Parking lot 11% Reversing on parking lot 8% Pedestrian Crossing 4% 25% of the accidents at pedestrian crossings happen in light regulated intersections 14
Accident scenarios for pedestrian Examples of pedestrian scenarios Pedestrian coming from the right, car moving forward is the most frequent scenario with about 35% of all accidents 15
Accident scenarios for pedestrian Ex. Accidents in relation to intersection 3 25 2 15 1 5 Pedestrian accident scenarios before and after an intersection 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pedestrian accidents are more frequent after an intersection While bicycle accidents were more frequent before an intersection Before Intersect. After Intersec. 16
Type of Impact 12% 18% 19% 56% 6% 63% 12% 14% 17
Thank You! 18