Communications network damage by the Great East Japan Earthquake and securing communications March 16, 2012 Natsuo Minamikawa Senior Vice President General Manager of Miyagi Branch Executive Manager of Tohoku Future Network Design and Reconstruction Office Nippon Telegraph and Telephone East Corporation Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved.
Today's agenda Communications equipment damage and restoration of communications services Support for affected local governments and victims Building disaster-resistant network Supporting ICT use on the road to recovery Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 1
Damage situation and service unavailability (results) Maximum 385 exchanges buildings functionally disabled. (service unavailability: approximately 1.5 million subscriptions) About 70% of services restored by March 22, services fully restored by the end of April (excluding the nuclear accident area and island regions (2 islands) No. of exchange offices 385 No. of communication services restored No. of exchange buildings functionally disabled 97 4 55 0 March13 March22 March28 April26 April30 5 No. of communication service subscriptions Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 2 5 Approx. 1.5 million Areas with extensive damages on property, etc Nuclear power plant area (3 exchange offices) warning zone Small island region (2 exchange offices) island evacuation area
Damaged point of communications equipments Damage from earthquake Almost no damage occurred 1.Totally destroyed or flooded buildings and cable severed by tsunami About 20% of damaged buildings 2.Widespread, long term power cuts, "cuts to power fuel" About 80% of damaged buildings 3.Nuclear accident no-entry zone (3 buildings) Exchange buildings (Trunk) Exchange buildings (Subscriber Line Switch) Aerial cables Telephone poles Trunk cable Feeder cable Power supply equipment Power supply equipment Manhole Underground duct Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 3
Situation of communications equipment damage Disaster example Taro (approx. 280km) (Disatance from Sendai) RikuzenTakada (approx.150km) Tokyo Sendai City Epicenter Disaster Area North to south 500km Sendai City Shichigahama (approx. 20km) Minamisannriku (approx.90km) Onagawa (approx.70km) Nobiru (approx. 40km) Ishinomaki (approx. 50km) Tokyo~Sendai approx. 370km(distance) Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 4
Damage situation caused by Tsunami Buildings in Onagawa, Miyagi Prefecture March 17, 2011 Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 5
Damage situation caused by Tsunami Buildings in Nobiru, Miyagi Prefecture March 17, 2011 Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 6
Damage situation caused by Tsunami Buildings in Shichigahama Ruins of Shichigahama buildings washed away by the tsunami March 16, 2011 Found at about 500m away March 20, 2011 Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 7
Restoration activities for communications services after the earthquake Early restoration of communications services Prior securing of power to deal with long-term power cuts Emergency restoration of totally destroyed, washed away, flooded equipment, and resumption of services Support for affected local governments and evacuees 1900 evacuation centers and about 370,000 evacuees in the three disaster stricken prefectures Provide free public telephones and internet Provide safety confirmation measures such as Disaster Emergency Message Dial 171 Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 8
Emergency restoration of totally destroyed, washed away, flooded equipment, and resumption of service Emergency restoration of equipment. Service resumption by the end of April Composition of communications equipment before the disaster In regards to service provision, services were provided from each NTT building Temporary Minami Sanriku government buildings (evacuation center) Emergency restoration through portable box-type communications equipment In place of damaged communications buildings, portable boxes containing communications equipment were delivered and set up, and communications services resumed Kesennuma Building RSBMーF Temporary Minami Sanriku government buildings (evacuation center) OLT Affected area Shizugawa Building RSBMーF 2 Shizugawa Building Relief area RSBMーF Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 9
Examples of communications service restoration Buildings in Shizugawa, Miyagi Prefecture March 30, 2011 For installation location, land in elevated area borrowed, and communications box equipment set up Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 10
Examples of communications service restoration Kadowaki Building, Ishinomaki, Miyagi Prefecture Kadowaki Building flooded by tsunami (Ground floor submerged, electrical equipment use impossible) March 15, 2011 Communications services resumed by mobile power vehicles/tankers (March 19) (Commercial power supply resumed on April 24) March 27, 2011 Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 11
Free public telephones, special public telephone installation Free public telephones Special public telephone installation at evacuation centers March 15, 2011 (East Japan area) Location of special public telephone installations :About 1200 locations (About 4000 phones installed) March 15, 2011 Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 12
Free provision of internet connection /public wireless LAN Free provision of internet connection environment via FLET'S Hikari Free access to public wireless LAN such as FLET'S Spot March 23, 2011 (East Japan area) Number of free internet set up locations :450 locations (maximum) March 23, 2011 Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 13
Factors Assisted Emergency Reconstruction of Affected Facilities 1. Obtaining Information on the State of Disaster Cooperation with prefectural disaster prevention, regional bureau of telecommunication, power companies, etc. 2. Logistics and the distribution of supplies Ensuring supplies for recovery, gasoline, food, human support 3. Disaster-resistant facilities Many facilities that survived were located underground or were protected by flood-prevention measures. 4. Finally: people underlying strength of employees in charge of operations at the disaster site Their sense of mission in working to secure continued communications links Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 14
Feelings about Evacuee Support Activities: Communications Service 1. Securing means of communication in disaster Producing facilities that are robust in disaster, communications links that continue to operate 2. People seek information on well-being (safety confirmation). More sophisticated Disaster Emergency Massage Dial 171 Coordination of information between different means of communication such as email and social media 3. Turning community centers into information stations Preparing a communications environment and independent power supply for evacuation shelters Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 15
Disaster Emergency Message Dial/ Disaster Emergency Broadband Message Board 1 7 1 Disaster Emergency Broadband Message Board Disaster Emergency Message Dial Supporting some 3.45 million messages The Disaster Emergency Message Dial / Disaster Emergency Broadband Message Board service becomes available when large-scale disasters strike. web171 Supporting some 320,000 messages This is a message board service that all residents in affected areas may use to confirm their personal safety by recorded message. Please remember this service, just in case... Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 16
Constructing Disaster-Resistant Communications Infrastructure Measures against power cuts: safeguarding communications hardware from outage Improving the deployment of generators at priority-communications sites (1) Increasing the number of on-premise generators (2) Deploying Power supply vehicles, strengthening fuel security Grid power supply 通 信 装 置 On-premise generators batteries 〇 〇 Oil tank facility Fuel tanks Power supply 電 源 車 vehicles Fuel supply Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 17
Constructing Disaster-Resistant Communications Infrastructure Measures against tsunami: higher-ground relocation, flood-prevention measures Exchange buildings damaged and submerged by the tsunami (1)Relocation to higher ground (2)Flood measures Affected Exchange buildings Submerged town Moving town facilities to higher ground Upper floors Reinforcing flood walls Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 18
Constructing Disaster-Resistant Communications Infrastructure Measures against tsunami: routing lines inland, underground, and under rivers Cable route vulnerable to coastal 沿 岸 部 での floodwaters ケーブル 流 出 3 Changing routing to avoid floodwaters Tsunami damage Installation route Securing routes for diverting cables inland Laying new ducts under riverbeds in locations Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 19
Turning Community Centers into Information Stations (Networking Communities) Community center Designated evacuation shelters, government offices, schools, community halls, plazas, shopping promenades, etc. Tourism information Event information WiFi spot Shopping information Governmental information Used for regional revitalization on a daily basis Conversion to "information station" Landline telephones, mobile telephones, Internet, television, radio, disasterprevention radio are all available with a ready-to-use shopping gallery Optical cables, satellite, fixed-link radio, WiFi / WiMax, furnishing all infrastructure Safety confirmation Disaster information Evacuation instructions Public telephony free of charge, Internet use free of charge Traffic information TV, radio Linking centers, forming community networks disaster-resistant networks Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 20
Gallery Offering Information on Reconstruction and Tourism (3rd Floor, Sendai Station) "Live! Live! Miyagi" A digital-signage display located on the 3rd Floor of JR Sendai Station will carry information on reconstruction and tourism in disaster-hit areas from March 2, 2012. Copyright 2012 NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE EAST CORPORATION All Rights Reserved. 21