Intermodal Containers Presented by Bill Hand Training Coordinator Hazardous Materials Response Team Harris County, Texas

Intermodal Containers Presented by Bill Hand Training Coordinator Hazardous Materials Response Team Harris County, Texas International Hazmat Response Teams Conference Baltimore, MD 2010 Material in this workshop is based on the text: Intermodal Containers Topics in 98 page text include: 1. Codes and regulations. 2. Types of containers. 3. Standard Operating Procedures. Many of the photos in this presentation are used with the permission of the authors of this text. 1

Handling Container Emergencies NFPA 472 6.2.1.1 (B) Given examples of the following intermodal tanks, the hazardous materials technician shall identify each intermodal tank by type and identify at least one material, and its hazard class, that is typically found in each tank: (1) Nonpressure intermodal tanks: (a) IM-101 (IMO Type 1 internationally) portable tank (b) IM-102 (IMO Type 2 internationally) portable tank (2) Pressure intermodal tanks (DOT 51) (IMO Type 5 inter- nationally) (3) Specialized intermodal tanks: (a) Cryogenic intermodal tanks (IMO Type 7 internationally) (b) Tube modules 2

NFPA 472 6.2.3.1 Given three examples of containers, DOT specification markings for nonbulk and bulk packaging, and the associated reference guide, the hazardous materials technician shall identify the basic design and construction features of each container. (A) The hazardous materials technician shall identify the basic design and construction features, including closures, of the following bulk containers: (3) Intermodal tanks such as the following: (a) Nonpressure intermodal tanks: i. IM-101 portable tank ii. IM-102 portable tank (b) Pressure intermodal tanks (specification 51) (c) Specialized intermodal tanks: i. Cryogenic intermodal tanks ii. Tube modules Ship 3

Barges Rail 4

Rail Land Bridge Land Bridge 5

Highway CONTAINER FEATURES u PORTABLE TANK FEATURES u u u u Over 90,000 containers in circulation. Usually a single tank with no internal compartments. Liquid capacity of 6,400 gal (24,000 L). Box type or beam type frame. 6

Box Frame Beam Frame Container Orientation Left Top Front Rear Right Bottom 7

Container Markings 8

Reporting Marks and Number Owners Code & Serial Number Country, Size, and Type Code Other Marking 9

HAZCHEM (UK) HAZCHEM (UK) 10

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A.D.R. (Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road) ADR Kemler Code UN ID Number 12

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Product tags Document Holder 15

Corner Casting 16

CONTAINER FEATURES u PORTABLE TANKS MAY BE EQUIPPED WITH: u u u u u Internal linings to protect tank from its contents, e.g., acids. Refrigeration units. Heating units. Insulation. Electrical controls. CONTAINER FEATURES u MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION: u 90% of tank containers are stainless steel. u Aluminum and magnesium alloy tanks cannot be used in marine transportation. u Stainless steel tanks are.1875 inches for regulated commodities. u Non-regulated commodities are.125 inches stainless steel. 17

NON-PRESSURE TANK CONTAINERS u IM 101 AND IM 102 TANKS: u Only way to tell the difference between a IM 101 and 102 is the specification plate. u Both the IM 101 and 102 tanks transport liquid materials at maximum allowable working pressures (MAWP) of up to 100 psig. u Tanks are tested at 1.5 times MAWP. IM 101 (IMO Type 1) TANKS u TRANSPORTS BOTH HAZARDOUS AND NON-HAZARDOUS CARGO. u May contain toxic, corrosive, and flammable liquids with flash points below 32 F (0 C). u Capacities range 5,000 to 6,300 gallons. u MAWP of 25.4 psig (1.75 bar) to 100 psig (6.8 bar). 4 bar tank is most common u See DOT 49 CFR 178.270 to 178.271.1. 18

IM 101 (Type 1) Tank Containers IM 101 IM 101 IM 101 19

Two Compartment IM 101 IM 102 (IMO Type 2) TANKS u TRANSPORTS BOTH HAZARDOUS AND NON-HAZARDOUS CARGO. u Contains alcohol (wine, tequila), some corrosives, pesticides, insecticides, resins, industrial solvents, and flammables with flash points 32 F (0 C) to 140 F (60 C). u Also used for food grade non-regulated materials. u Capacities range 5,000 to 6,300 gallons. u MAWP of 14.7 psig (1.0 bar) to 24.4 psig (1.75 bar). 20

IM 102 Spillbox Manhole Cover P/V Valves Airline Valve 21

Spill Box Drains Spill Box Pressure Relief Valves Drain to Ground Pressure / Vacuum Relief Valve 22

Pressure / Vacuum Relief Valve Top Loading Valves 23

Foot Valve Butterfly Valve 24

Emergency Valve Handle Located on the right side when facing the discharge end 25

Tank Heating Steam / Electric DOT SPEC. 51 (IMO TYPE 5) u TRANSPORTS BOTH HAZARDOUS AND NON-HAZARDOUS CARGO. u Contains liquefied petroleum gas (propane and butane). u Capacities range 4,000 to 5,000 gallons. u MAWP of 100 psig to 500 psig. u There are some specialty containers built to Spec. 51 standards used to ship high vapor pressure flammable liquids and liquid pyrophorics. 26

Spec. 51 / Type 5 Anhydrous Ammonia 27

Spec. 51 Propane Tank Pressure Relief Valve Vapor Line Liquid Line Spec. 51 / IMO Type 5 Liquid Line Vapor Line 28

Spec. 51 / Type 5 Isopentane Spec. 51 / IM 101 Combination 29

Spec. 51 / IMO Type 5 Spec 51 / IMO Type 5 30

IMO TYPE 7 u TRANSPORTS CRYOGENICS. u Contains cryogenic (very cold) materials such as refrigerated gases like argon, oxygen, and helium. u Capacities range 4,000 to 5,000 gallons. u Remember that cryogenics must remain refrigerated. IMO Type 7 Container Liquid Oxygen 31

Type 7 Container Liquid Argon TUBE MODULES u HIGH PRESSURE 3T CYLINDERS. u Stores products like oxygen, helium, and nitrogen as a gas. 32

TUBE MODULES TUBE MODULES 33

Pneumatic Hopper IM Roll-off 34

Flat Rack 20, 40 & 45 Box Container 35

COMMON IM 101 and IM 102 EMERGENCIES u BOTTOM OUTLET LEAKS. u Problem: Valve closed position,but end cap still leaking product. u Solution: Tighten end cap clockwise. u Other Factors: Check for broken seal, expect product trapped between closed valve and end cap. Seal still in place Watch for trapped product! 36

Valves is in closed position Right to Tight Note: Double Valves 37

Threads on Discharge Valves BSP British Standard Pipe NPT National Pipe Thread Threads Adapters 38

SPILL CONTROL TECHNIQUES Control the spill first, then control the leak. Tank Containers Are Built to High Standards They Can Take Lots of Battle Damage Damage to IM 101s from Train Derailments 39

Cutaway View of IM 101 (Type 1) Tank Outer Shell Insulation Stainless Steel Inner Shell EXAMPLES OF CONTAINER DAMAGE Outer Shell Rip Insulation No penetration of Inner shell 40

IMPROVISED LEAK CONTROL DEVICES 1 2 PROBLEM: Hole in tank shell. SOLUTION: Toggle bolt through Rubber ball with sealer. 3 IMPROVISED LEAK CONTROL DEVICES PROBLEM: Puncture in tank shell. 1 SOLUTION: Cut away outer Shell and insulation. Plug with wooden dowel or wedge. 2 3 41

If it is stupid but works, then it ain t stupid. Retired Master Chief Cargo Segregation?? 42

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What you see.. Ain t always what you get Shipping documents indicate: White China Turpentine 46

No bracing and no plywood between layers No bungs 47

Fumigation 48

Looks like Chlorine? OK, It must be Chlorine Right specs. Right valves Something is wrong here! 49

Chlorine is not a white powder! It s Coke!! Rover checks it out Rover confirms! 50

GMAA GMAA 51

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Hanjin Pennsylvania 54

Hanjin Pennsylvania 55