Network Security Systems Fundamentals for ITS Professionals Chris Adesanya Sr. Systems Engineer Panasonic System Solutions Company adesanyac@us.panasonic.com BICSI Southeast Regional Meeting Dulles, VA March 5 th, 2009
Introduction and Overview This session provides a vendor neutral overview of the methods and techniques used to transport video over Ethernet networks in comparison with legacy analog systems. By the end of the session attendees should have an understanding of the terminology used to describe network video transport, how it compares with legacy systems and what impact it has on the ITS design. Topics include an explanation of compression technologies, transport protocols, cable requirements and how they impact the structured cable design as well as adapting a legacy system to a network based system.
Agenda Introduction Network Transport of Video Information - Compression Methods - Transport Protocols Network vs. Analog System Bandwidth Consideration Cabling Consideration - Cabling Types - Power - Grounding and Bonding Questions and Answers
Anatomy of a Typical Network Camera
System Configuration IP Camera JPEG Si VPN MPEG-4 Encoder Recorder LAN Si Analog Camera Monitoring Station
JPEG JPEG2000 WAVELET DROPLET MPEG 1, 2, 4 H.264 Network Transport Compression Methods
JPEG / M-JPEG JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group Intraframe compression Code a single image on a standalone basis "lossy" compression 10-20:1 Compression ratio M-JPEG (Motion JPEG) It is not a Standard
MPEG MPEG - Moving Picture Experts Group Interframe compression lossy compression Frames: Intra coded frames (I) -- which are coded as single frames as in JPEG, without reference to any other frames. Predictive coded frames (P) -- generated from an earlier I or P frame. Bi-directional coded frames (B) -- generated from earlier and later I or P frames in the sequence (with motion compensation).
MPEG Frame Intra (I), Predicted (P) and Bi-directional (B) frames.
MPEG / MPEG4 MPEG1 CD, MP3 MPEG2 Broadcast, DVD MPEG3? MPEG4 Computer Applications
MPEG 4 / H.264 MPEG4 Part 2 (Advanced Simple Profile ) MPEG4 Part 10 (Advanced Video Coding ) or H.264 H.264 HD DVD and Blu-ray H.264 Video Compression only
Compression Comparison Compression ratio at JPEG=1.0 1.0 JPEG Wavelet Droplet JPEG2000 0.5 MPEG-4 Higher compression of data size supports smooth image transmission in limited bandwidth environment.
Network Transport Protocols Is how your network card communicates with other computers on the network TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Connection Oriented Service Packets must be acknowledged Lost packets are retransmitted Large Packet Header to accommodate connection UDP/IP User Datagram Protocol/Internet Protocol Connectionless service Packet is sent with no way of knowing if it was received or not Very small header More efficient than TCP
Network Transport Protocols RTSP Real-Time Streaming Protocol An application-level protocol for control over the delivery of data with real-time properties. On-demand delivery of real-time data, such as audio and video. Use UDP, multicast UDP or TCP for delivery mechanisms Unicast Network Communication between a single sender and a single receiver over a network. Multicast Network Transmit information to multiple destinations with one data stream.
Unicast vs.. Multicast Transmission Each client requesting 4Mbps stream
Analog System Multi/Spot LIVE/Playback REC PLAY LIVE NETWORK LIVE Multi/Spot
Network System
Network vs. Analog Systems IP network has lower total cost of ownership for life cycle of the system: Lower installation costs Power over Ethernet eliminates the need for localized power supplies Reduced operational overhead Less maintenance Less system downtime
Network vs. Analog Systems Network systems: Deployed and expanded much more quickly and easily Compared with installation of point-to-point infrastructure Live or recorded video viewed anywhere at anytime By one or many individuals Open infrastructure permits integration of video surveillance devices from different manufacturers Integration of related systems: access control, intrusion, fire/safety Higher-end imaging: Megapixel & Progressive Scan Easier for objects and individuals to be identified in recordings Storage Area Networks are easily scalable/future growth
Analog CCTV System Advantages - Live view fresh rate - Live view picture quality - More analog camera model numbers to choose from. - Analog cameras are generally less expensive. - Very little bandwidth concerns. - More secure system. No hacking. - No network down time problems
IP Based System Advantages Can use existing network infrastructure No additional cost for wire pull labor Can use existing PC monitors for live view with no additional cost for CCTV monitors. More viewing and recording flexibility each camera is like a 1 channel DVR. Easier to expand system easier to add additional cameras.
STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 50-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 50-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 50-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 50-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 50-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 50-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 50-60 HZ DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POWER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POWER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POWER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POW ER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POW ER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POWER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POWER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A IP-Based Centralized Recording System TR TR TR TR TR Features: -Dependence on Core Switch Operation -Better control of key equipment -Concentrated Network Load TR MCC Command Center
STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 STACK 1 STACK 2 CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE CONSOLE RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 5 0-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 5 0-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 5 0-60 HZ RATING 100-240 V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 50-60 HZ RATING 100-240 V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 50-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 5 0-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 5 0-60 HZ RATING 100-240V ~ 2.3A-1.5A, 5 0-60 HZ DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POW ER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POW ER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POW ER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POWER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @1 7A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POWER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @1 7A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POW ER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POW ER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A DC INPUTS FOR REMOTE POW ER SUPPLY SPECIFIED IN MANUAL +12V @17A IP-Based Distributed Recording System TR TR Telecomm Rooms Network Switches with Layer 3 Protocols Distributed Network Disk Recorders TR TR TR Features: -Minimal Recording System Dependence on Core Switch Operation -Distributed Network Load TR TR MCC Command Center
Bandwidth Considerations 32 cameras Streaming 2Mbps/camera Recorder Live monitoring of 16 cameras 2Mbps/camera 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps Switch Cameras: 2 x 32 = 64Mbps Monitor: 2 x 16 = 32Mbps Total = 96 Mbps
Cabling Considerations Coax UTP Fiber Wireless
Power Network Camera: 12VDC, 24VAC or/and PoE PoE Power Over Ethernet The 802.3af (PoE) standard allows the PD to request one of three levels or classes of power: Class 1-3W Class 2-7W Class 3 13W Power Sourcing Equipment: PoE Switches Midspan
Accommodating Power over Ethernet (PoE)
Best Practices for Video Device Deployment Using Midspans and/or PoE Determine Area System Power Requirement How many PoE Devices may be connected to a single PoE Switch? Should you use a Midspan? Play it safe and use them! Interleave power, or route cabling to different TR s Midspans Power loss at one TR won t disable entire single area.
Grounding & Bonding Grounding the establishment of a reference for the electrical power source (AC or DC), the electrical equipment or both. * Bounding the connection intended to equalized safely and effectively the potential differences between two metallic items.* Components: 1. AC grounding electrode system 2. Equipment grounding system 3. Telecommunications bonding infrastructure Electrical Surges: Ethernet Surge Protector * Ref TDMM Chapter 8
References and Standards Always check with the local authority having jurisdiction for any local codes, regulations, standards or licensing requirements
Conclusions Structured Cabling Systems Wiring Plants can carry video, audio and low voltage power Select cameras to meet customer s s needs Video Compression Technologies There is no best compression or system it is what is best for your application Match Video Surveillance System with Network Protocols Achieve a convergence of intelligent and professional imaging over networks
Questions? Answers? Comments? Thanks!