Tracing Kernel Virtual Machines (KVM) and Linux Containers (LXC)
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1 Tracing Kernel Virtual Machines (KVM) and Linux Containers (LXC) École Polytechnique de Montréal Révolution Linux 25 juin 2010
2 Plan 1 Introduction Virtualization and Contextualization Technologies 2 Tracing the Hypervisor 3 Tracing LXC Contextualization Technology 4 Conclusion
3 Virtualization and Contextualization Technologies KVM Mainline since Supports Native (Full) Virtualization using Intel VT-x or AMD-V Supports Paravirtualization for certain drivers with the VirtIO framework
4 Virtualization and Contextualization Technologies LXC Linux Containers Mainline since Userspace containers Provide full resource isolation and control Replaces OpenVZ, Vservers, FreeVPS
5 Plan 1 Introduction Virtualization and Contextualization Technologies 2 Tracing the Hypervisor 3 Tracing LXC Contextualization Technology 4 Conclusion
6 Role of the Hypervisor Virtual Machine Monitor at ring -1 The host switches between Host State and Guest State using VMCS vmentry when the CPU is given to the virtual machine (the guest) vmexit when the CPU is given back to the host (on HLT or exceptions/traps)
7 Challenges in tracing KVM The host is blind between the vmentry and vmexit The hypervisor controls the TSC : On exit : save TSC Before re-entrance : take delta + exit overhead Substract from TSC offset Traces recorded in the host and in the guest are not directly aligned
8 Objectives in tracing KVM Monitoring the whole system (host and guest(s)) Presenting graphically the interaction between the host and the guest(s) Integrating with the dependency analysis Need to add new CPU states
9 Plan 1 Introduction Virtualization and Contextualization Technologies 2 Tracing the Hypervisor 3 Tracing LXC Contextualization Technology 4 Conclusion
10 Contextualization Technology LXC No virtualization involved Adds the notion of context to process groups Allow resources control
11 Contextualization Technology Challenges in tracing LXC Need to add the context attribute in the trace Graphically represent each container as a separate resource Identify the interactions between different groups Identify the impact of resources control
12 Plan 1 Introduction Virtualization and Contextualization Technologies 2 Tracing the Hypervisor 3 Tracing LXC Contextualization Technology 4 Conclusion
13 Conclusion Tracing two types of isolation technologies : KVM : full virtualization with potentially no guest assistance LXC : contextualization technology Synchronizing the traces between the host and guest(s) Visually representing the virtualized CPU state
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