Italian experience on drug use prevention Strategies, methods, materials and evidences

Transcription

1 Italian experience on drug use prevention Strategies, methods, materials and evidences Giovanni Serpelloni M.D. Department for Antidrug Policies, Presidency of the Council of Ministers Maurizio Gomma M.D. - Verona Addiction Department, ULSS 20 Rimondo Claudia M.A. National Early Warning System, Department for Antidrug Policies, Presidency of the Council of Ministers

2 Collaborative Centre of the

3 National Action Plan on Drugs The whole Italian governamental strategy on drugs is reported in the National Action Plan Inspired by the EU Drugs Action Plan Strategic solutions and indications in a balanced approach among prevention, care, recovery and contrast to drug trafficking and dealing

4 Intervention areas Prevention: Early information, Universal and selective prevention early detection and educational approach Care Early contact First reception Diagnosis and therapy Prevention of Correlated pathologies Recovery and Rihabiltation In the society and at work Phenomenon Monitoring and results assessment Activity for contrast: On the territory On the web

5 Regional Prevention Programs Single regional programs: according to the National Action Plan, Italian Regions have the possibility to define single regional programs and to reorient present ones in the light of national and regional strategic indications. Each Region can arrange specific programs whose implementation is its own competence. Number of informative campaigns on universal prevention and selective prevention performed by Italian Regions in Regioni Universal prevention Selective prevention Totale Basilicata Bolzano 3-3 Calabria Emilia Romagna 1-1 Friuli Venezia Giulia Liguria Lombardia Marche 1-1 Piemonte Puglia 5-5 Sicilia Trento 5-5 Umbria Totale Fonte: Elaborazione sui dati dell indagine con questionari EMCDDA alle Regioni

6 Topics covered in prevention campaigns performed by Italian Regions in 2010 Sostanze illecite in generale 8,2% Alcol 16,4% Tabagismo 11,2% Cannabis 4,5% Cocaina 6,7% Most of the campaigns dealth with illicit substances in general, alcohol and tobacco. Droghe sintetiche 4,5% Sostanze lecite ed illecite in generale 32,8% Oppiacei 6,0% Sostanze dopanti 3,7% Altre droghe 6,0% Fonte: Elaborazione sui dati dell indagine con questionari EMCDDA alle Regioni

7 Prevention: some statements Prevention activities are a priority and fundamental for the reduction of drug demand. All illicit substances must be considered dangerous and harmful for psychophysic and social health of individuals and they can highly compromise people s psycho-physic integrity and their staying in the society

8 Prevention: some statements Prevention activities must be longlasting and especially addressed to vulnerable social groups and their families Communication must highlight drugs harms and risks stating that drugs do not have to be used. At the same time, it is important to promote healthy and gratifying life styles involving young people, families and teachers

9 1 Web communication 5 Art and creativity Universal prevention 2 National prevention campaigns 4 3 E-learning technology Training aid

10 Institutional informative websites Target oriented Annual contacts Annual pages visited Multilanguage websites Feed RSS

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12 Brain maturation SPECT and alcohol effects

13 Student Population Survey on drug use Access to online questionnaires about drug use among student population (15-19) Results published in the Annual National Report

14 views DPA Channel on

15 Social networks More than contacts

16 Newsletters More than contacts

17 National prevention campaigns

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19 Features Differentiated target Highly scientifically oriented International sources (UNICRI, NIDA, UNODC, WHO, ecc.) Periodically updated Assessed by expert professionals Freely available

20 Videos

21 Slides

22 Publications

23 All the materials are freely available. It is possible to and customise them.

24 Prevention at school by means of video conferences

25 30 participating schools in 1 year Direct contact between students and professionals Covered issues: Effects of drugs and alcohol on men Drugs use and infectious diseases Free technology

26 Online training platform E-learning system to provide teachers and parents with new prevention tools, to improve their knowledge about drugs and to be able to tackle the issue with their students/sons

27 Creative activities and healthy life styles Promotion of creative and artistic activities (music and dance) boosting young people to be the real protagonists and makers of healthy life styles. Creation of a community made of artists saying YES to arts and creativity, NO to the use of drugs.

28 General population year old. Years

29 Illicit drugs in wastewater. Milan

30 Student population year old. Years Fonte: Elaborazione su dati SPS-ITA 2010

31 Student population year old Years Consumption in the last 12 months

32 Temporal variations of the percentage of adolescents (15 year old) who have consumed cannabis in the last 12 months (2002, 2006, 2010) - Veneto Region Fonte: I Giovani in Veneto Approfondimento dei risultati dell indagine Health Behaviour in School aged Children (HBSC) 2010 dell Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità sui giovani di 11, 13 e 15 anni

33 Student population year old. Years

34 Drug related admissions to hospital

35 Overdose deaths. Years Fonte: Elaborazione su dati Ministero dell Interno Direzione Centrale per i Servizi Antidroga

36 1 Early detection 6 National Early Warning System 5 Girls and women Selective/ indicated prevention 4 Workplace drug testing 2 Support to vulnerable groups at school 3 Drug and alcohol related road accidents

37 Latency time: onset age first treatment age Males Females

38 Early detection for early intervention Early Detection Project promoting and implementing early professional drug test among underage people as a tool for early diagnosis of drug use and for early intervention Guidelines: the early detection of drug use among underage people and early intervention by means of professional drug test and counseling Edu.Care Project strengthening parents educational skills about drug prevention and early detection. Intervening on drug use among adolescents (13-18) and on risk factors among children (8-12) through strategies of early detection

39 Centres for Information and Advice at school The Centres for Information and Advice (It. CIC) were instituted in 1990 within high schools. They represent a meeting and integration place between different educational and training agencies (schools, families, services, etc.) and request for help from adolescents. Their aim is promoting wellness and facing and managing together situations of uneasiness before they come to interfere with normal mechanisms of bio-psycho-social growth of the adolescent.

40 Number of students individually seen from 2001 to

41 Prevention of drug and alcohol related accidents NNIDAC Project National network for the prevention of drug and alcohol related road accidents. Promotion of clinical-toxicological on site tests in collaboration with law enforcement agencies. SGS Project collection of materials against driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs, produced by students (13-20). Production of a commercial, educational videos and technical folders to be widespread among driving schools.

42 Violation Art 186 and 187 CdS

43 DTLR Project Evaluating drug tests among workers in high-risk professions Development of a network for the creation of standard monitoring and evaluation systems of drug tests in order to evaluate the consumption of illicit substances among workers in high-risk professions From evidences collected, national technical guidelines will be developed and models for the outcome comparison will be made available

44 Assessment of drug addiction absence among workers in high risk professions Years PREVALENCE OF POSITIVES

45 Gender oriented prevention DAD.NET Project promotion of specific offers addressed to female gender to prevent drug and alcohol related risks and to boost health services to adopt assistential measures specific for women and girls needs.

46 Gender oriented prevention The Department for Antidrug Policies is drafting of a Resolution, in collaboration with the United States, to be presented to the UN next march. The aim of the Resolution is boosting States towards a greater attention to women s problems and needs in their national action plans about drugs.

47 National Early Warning System: origin and aims Decision of European Council 2005/387/JHA: build up Drugs Early Warning Systems in all the Member States. Coordination by EMCDDA. In 2009, the National Early Warning System was instituted by the Department for Antidrug Policies. Early detection of potentially dangerous phenomena in relation to the appearance of new drugs and new patterns of consumption. Activation of rapid response actions through the active and well-timed involvement of organizations aimed at protecting and promoting public health.

48 148 intercepted molecules (N.E.W.S ) 36 synthetic cannabinoids 30 synthetic catinones 23 phenethylamines > 50 other molecules (piperazine, triptamine, PCP derivatives; ketamina, medical drugs, natural substances, etc.) Fonte: Sistema Nazionale di Allerta Precoce, 2011

49 Legal aspects: new molecules under control Table I D.P.R. 309/90 Law decree June 16 th 2010, n.146 of 25/6/2010 Mephedrone JWH-018 JWH-073 Law decree May 11 th 2011, n.112 of 16/5/2011 MDPV JWH-250 and its analogues JWH-122 and its analogues Law decree December 29 th 2011, n.3 of 4/1/2010 butilone 2-amino-1-phenyl-1-propanone AM benzoylindolo Activation and implementation of control measures all over the country addressed to smart shops and wholesalers Seizures of dangerous products and shops selling them

50 Web monitoring Droga & Internet Project Internet monitoring and prevention of drug trafficking through the Internet Objective Building up a monitoring system of drugs and psychoactive substances demand and offer on the web Results N websites notified to law enforcement agencies: 113 N. closed websites: 78 (69,6%) Detected substances Synthetic cannabinoids (JWH-018, JWH- 073, JWH-200, JWH-250 and analogues) Synthetic catinones (mephedrone, MDPV) Methamfetamine (ecstasy) and phenetilamine derivatives (2C-B, 2C-I, 2C- T-2, 2C-T-7, 4-MA, 4-MTA) Ketamine, morphine, oxicodone Marijuana, hashish, cocaine, BZP

51 Web monitoring Rave Party Prevention Project Objective Detecting and preventing illigal rave parties where the risk of drug consumption, intoxications and deaths among participants is very high. 74 detected rave parties; 44 (60%) prevented/managed by law enforcement agencies No respect for security rules No respect for safety rules Circulation and consumption of illicit drugs

52 Results of Internet monitoring on illegal rave parties Notified and prevented Notified and managed by law enforcement agencies Notified but not prevented Not notified Ongoing investigation Fonte: Sistema Nazionale di Allerta Precoce, 2011

53 Thank you for your attention Giovanni Serpelloni M.D. Department for Antidrug Policies, Presidency of the Council of Ministers Maurizio Gomma M.D. - Verona Addiction Department, ULSS 20 Rimondo Claudia M.A. National Early Warning System, Department for Antidrug Policies, Presidency of the Council of Ministers