Aim. State of the art INNOVATIONS FROM NATURE
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1 INNOVATIONS FROM NATURE Polarbear Building: Energy efficient Textile Constructions with Transparent Heat Insulation for solarthermal energy and free of loss storage of thermal energy Thomas Stegmaier, Jamal Sarsour, Heinrich Planck 3.8 billion years of Free Energy Research Bad Nieuweschans, January 26th 2013 Supported by the Ministerium für Umwelt, Klima und Energiewirtschaft of the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany and the European fund for regional development State of the art Textile membrane constructions have typical properties: material efficiency light weight transluzenzy mobil but insufficient heat insulation demand on heat insulation, energy harvesting Aim Light weight, textile buildings for conditioned rooms in combination with solar thermal energy harvesting 1
2 Energy supply in great amount sun as energy source / global radiation in Germany kwh / day m² Munic 3,2 Hamburg 2,6 East sahara 7,0 energy densitiy at equator - average: W/m² average yearly sun radiation in kwh/m² source: DWD Polar bear Natural archetype: Fur and skin of the polar bear Technical relevant characteristics: dense heat insulated fur with colourless hairs black epidermis with absorber function => heat losses only through eyes and mouth Polar bear (Ursus maritimus) black skin of polar bear limited heat losses 2
3 Bionic inspired transparent heat insulation on textile base with selective coating (Infra Red reflection) transparent heat insulation absorber air heat insulation Energy independant building: Polar Bear Building sun radiation Aim of development: multi functional skin systems with fiber based materials long time heat energy storage system use of sun energy energy management heat energy storage TAO-Trans-Atmospheric Operations GmbH 3
4 Energy concept sun radiation outer skin radiation permeable insulation heat transporting layer for air absorber: heated up by radiation inner insulation insulation ventilation thermo chemical storage Calculations assumptions for solar active roof solar radiation W/m² (sunny summer days in europe) one dimensional radiation/heat exchange in channels (e.g. 50cm width, 5m length, 2cm hight), air temperature 140 C at 20 ambient temperature after collector of 5 m with W/m² sun radiation 4
5 Calculations Calculations for storage storage material: sorption storage (suitable for C desorption temperature) 60 kg silicagel per storage tower (dry weight) resulting in: max. 25% weight loading max. adsorption enthalpie 625kJ/kg = 0,174 kwh/kg heating with 100% humidity in air temperature increase up to 25 K at exit of storage system for heating produced heat is transfered by heat exchanger from process air to fresh ambient air Upscaling in different steps 5
6 Analysed flexible solar thermal systems 3-layer-system: - transparent temperature-resistant foil / - black spacer warp knitting / - black absorber fabric - heat insulation 5-layer-system: - transparent temperature-resistant foil / - with spacer warp knitting / - transparent temperatue-resistant foil / - black spacer textile / - black absorber- fabric - heat insulation Result of experimental analyses 160 air temperature [ C] ,1 m/s 0,2 m/s 0,3 m/s 0,4 m/s Start 10min 20min 30min 40min 50min 60min radiation time W/E10/800W/m²h 6
7 Setup of 10m experimental channel in Filderstadt - how fixing the distances of layers? - how span? - efficiency? - lack air by sucction! Function of energy storage system concept sorptions-storage-heating energy storage (loading/drying): Hot heat dryed air advantage: longtime storage time (seasonal storage) wet air, loss of water in storage material and cooling of air by desorption energy output (heating): dry, warm air Energy gain Energy transfer wet cold air, add of water in storage material, heating of air ab absorption Energy transfer 7
8 concept collector storage collektorline collector line Collector line Isolierte Leitungen für den Wärmetransport LOADING storage module storage module STORAGE Hot air Speicher Speicher Speicher Modul Speicher Modul storage Modul Modul module HEATING storage storage module module Outside air or inner air Vent. Inner air Outside air location building position 8
9 Polar Bear Building Polar Bear Building: cross section from east Polar Bear Building Polar Bear Building: view from south 9
10 Polar Bear Building Polar Bear Building: view from north 10
11 High thermal insulation of textile skin 11
12 Solar thermal energy harvesting in winter time Benefits, success Social benefits Environmental friendly, sustainable Strengthen of solar thermal energy use Strengthen of region Economical benefit new market for energy harvesting flexible roofs and facades worldwide Top engineering planning Manufacturing of roof and wall areas Make up and setup Innovative energy concept for a worldwide market Innovations Membrane with heat transport skin Membrane as energy producer Use of sorption storage system for free of loss heat storagie 12
13 Companies involved: Construction companies: Lageplan: Schnurgerüst: Erdarbeiten Stahlbeton: Erdanker: Stahlbau: Holzbau: Seilnetz Werkplanung: Seilnetz: Vermessung Hils Vermessungsbüro Volles Flachs Bauunternehmung Glienke Gerätebau GmbH Metallbau Zeh Sanders Tischlerei Officium, Design Engineering Carl Stahl GmbH Material producers ETFE foil: Membrane: Textile: Nowofol Serge Ferrari Friedola Thanks to: Ministerium für Umwelt, Klima und Energiewirtschaft Baden-Württemberg European Union Projektträger Karlsruhe (PTKA-BWP) L-Bank Project partners: TAO-Trans-Atmospheric Operations GmbH 13
14 Liquid Transport in Technical Textiles Transport of liquids in Technical Textiles archetpye LIANE: water transport in plants without active pump system control of volume to demand fail safe functions (avoiding and repair of embolism) Aim: Technical textiles for transport of liquids Liane in tropical rain forest in French Guyana (Condylocarpon guianense). Whiped axes and cross sections. length > 300 m. Applications: systems for irrigation drainage sports wear medical textiles fuel cell 14
15 Biological / physical functions water transport in wood plants (trees, liane) over distance >100m driving sourde: by evaporation in leaves flow velocity 1 m/h (conifer) up to 150 m/h (liane) Microstructures in plants surface roughness for optimal liquid transport? source: projekt group Biomimetic at Institut für Geowissenschaften, Tübingen 15
16 Biological / physical functions water transport in numerous capillarities partitioning of transport way (to avoid spread of embolism) fine porous entry and exit (separation of nucleation sources) Liquid transport with fibre based systems cross sections from structured fibers (ITV Denkendorf and TWD Fibres) 16
17 Liquid transport with fibre based systems special fibers special auxiliaries special sealing mechanical stabilisation evaporation head pretreated water >10m Mattes&Ammann KG Ploucquet GmbH Brückner Trockentechnik Thanks for your attention! Dr. Thomas Stegmaier Tel.: +49 (0)7 11/ Fax: +49 (0)7 11/ Körschtalstrasse 26 D Denkendorf Supported by the Ministerium für Umwelt, Klima und Energiewirtschaft of the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany and the European fund for regional development 17
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