Cooperation of Operating Systems with Hyper-V. Bartek Nowierski Software Development Engineer, Hyper-V Microsoft Corporation

Transcription

1 Cooperation of Operating Systems with Hyper-V Bartek Nowierski Software Development Engineer, Hyper-V Microsoft Corporation

2 Presentation Agenda Hyper-V V Architecture Integration Components Hypervisor Enlightened Interfaces Supported Operating Systems Hyper-V V Features

3 Hyper-V V Architurcture Parent Partition Child Partitions Provided by: OS ISV / IHV / OEM Microsoft Hyper-V Microsoft / XenSource VM Worker Processes Applications WMI Provider VM Service Applications Applications Applications User Mode Windows Server 2008 Windows Kernel IHV Drivers VMBus VSP Non- Hypervisor Aware OS Windows Server 2003, 2008 Windows Kernel VMBus VSC Xen-Enabled Linux Kernel Linux VSC VMBus Hypercall Adapter Kernel Mode Windows hypervisor Ring -1 Designed for Windows Server Hardware

4 Hypervisor The hypervisor restricts itself to managing a minimum set of hardware Processors Local APICs Constant-rate system counter System physical address space Focus is on scheduling and isolation Requires hardware support (VMX / SVM) Parent Partition Apps Server Core Child Partition Apps OS 1 OS 2 Windows hypervisor Hardware Child Partition Apps

5 Hardware Management In Windows virtualization, the parent partition manages the rest IHV drivers Processor power management Device hot add and removal New drivers are not required Parent Partition Apps Server Core Child Partition Apps OS 1 OS 2 Windows hypervisor Hardware Child Partition Apps

6 Windows Virtualization Architecture Parent Partition Child Partitions Provided by: Virtualization Stack Windows WMI Provider VM Service VM Worker Processes Applications User Mode Windows Virtualization ISV OEM Server Core Windows Kernel Virtualization Service IHV Providers Drivers (VSPs) Virtualization Service Clients (VSCs) VMBus Windows Kernel Enlightenments Kernel Mode Windows hypervisor Designed for Windows Server Hardware

7 Integration Components Storage and networking VSCs perofrmance Synthetic video and mouse e.g. high screen resolution, mouse capture Time sync keep the system time up to date Hearbeat information if VM is still alive

8 I/O Virtualization Definitions Virtual Device (VDev) A software module that provides a point of configuration and control over an I/O path for a partition Virtualization Service Provider (VSP) A server component (in a parent or other partition) that handles I/O requests Can pass I/O requests on to native services like a file system Can pass I/O requests directly to physical devices Can be in either kernel- or user-mode Virtualization Service Consumer (VSC) A client component (in a child partition) which serves as the bottom of an I/O stack within that partition VMBus Sends requests to a VSP A system for sending requests and data between virtual machines

9 I/O Virtualization Virtual Devices (VDevs) Come in two varieties Core: Device emulators (Written by Microsoft) Plug-in: Enlightened I/O (Written by Microsoft and industry) Management is through WMI Packaged as COM objects - run within the VM Worker Process Often work in conjunction with a VSP Virtualization Service Providers (VSPs) Communicate with a VDev for configuration and state management Can exist in user- or kernel-mode COM object Service Driver Use VMBus to communicate with a VSC in the child partition

10 Storage VSP/VSC Design Parent Partition Disk VM Worker Process (VDevs,...) Virtual Service Provider (VSP) Child Partitions Applications User Mode Windows File System Volume Partition Disk Fast Path Filter (VSC) Provided by: Windows Hyper-V ISV OEM StorPort Miniport Hardware StorPort VMBus Virtual Service Client (VSC) Windows hypervisor iscsiprt Designed for Windows Server Hardware with HAV Kernel Mode

11 Hypercalls Guests communicate with the hypervisor via hypercalls Hypervisor equivalent of a syscalls Higher level abstractions are available in Windows partitions WinHv.sys provides a C language wrapper VMBus.sys provides cross-partition communication services Virtualization stack provides WMI interfaces for configuring children Windows 2000 and later VmBus.sys WinHv.sys Windows hypervisor Hardware Windows Server Core WMI Provider Virtualization Stack VmBus.sys WinHv.sys

12 Kernel Enlightenments Hypercalls for TLB management Spinlock enlightenment (long-spin spin-wait) Lazy EOI (using APIC assist page) APIC access (through MSRs) Power management (use MSRs to enter C-states) Reference time through MSR (for QueryPerformanceCounter) Reboot MSR...

13 Interoperability Interoperability agreements with Novell, Citrix (Xen) and Sun to support Linux and Solaris on Hyper-V SVVP (Server Virtualization Validation Program) to certify non-microsoft Hypervisors for Microsoft Support DHMC runs both Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2003 as guest operating systems under Hyper-V, as well as Linux. To date, DHMC has virtualized Web servers, sites on Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007, reporting servers, medical applications, domain controllers, file and print servers, Citrix servers, and more. System Center Operations Manager supports monitoring of non-windows, including Linux System Center Virtual Machine Manager manages VMware ESX servers Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Case Study

14 Supported Systems Guest OS Support On Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Windows Server VP Windows Server 2003 SP2 & R2 SP2, Windows Vista SP1, Windows XP SP3 2 VP Windows 2000 Server SP4, Windows XP SP2 1 VP SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 1 VP Once testing is done Red Hat Solaris Non-Microsoft Hypervisor Support Windows Server 2008 as guest OS Citrix XenServer 5 VMware ESX 3.5

15 Guest OS Examples

16 Hyper-V V Feature Highlights Windows Server bit (x86) & 64-bit (x64) guest OSes 16 processor host (24 since SP1) 4 VP and 64 GB memory in guest OSes Snapshot, Save&Restore Enlightened devices Windows Server 2008 R2 Live Migration 32 processor host (working on more) Processor power management support Second Level Address Translation (SLAT, a.k.a. NPT/EPT) Networking performance: TCP Offload & Jumbo Frame support Looking into Dynamic Memory Device Assignment

17 Virtualization Resources Microsoft Virtualization Hyper-V System Center Virtual Machine Manager Virtualization APIs Virtual Server COM Interface Virtual Hard Disk Format Hypervisor Functional Specification C62C- 4FF2-8E50 8E50-3A37EA4100F5&displaylang=en Hyper-V V WMI Provider

18 Thank You!!! Bartek Nowierski Software Development Engineer, Hyper-V Microsoft Corporation

19 2006 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

20 Backup slides Bartek Nowierski Software Development Engineer, Hyper-V Microsoft Corporation

21 Why Virtualize? Why is virtualization such a big deal? A lot of people understand, and they think it's about saving money, it's about saving power, it's about green IT, it's about space, and that's certainly true. But in our perspective, it's much, much bigger than that, and people are just now beginning to understand that. We think that there's a major transformation taking place in IT. This major transformation that's been taking place for years is starting to accelerate, and we believe that virtualization is a major enabler and catalyst of that transition that's taking place. - Tom Bittman, Gartner VP and Chief of Research of Infrastructure and Operations, at Microsoft s Virtualization Launch Event

22 Customer Cost Savings with Hyper-V V and System Center Virtual Machine Manager Increased Server Utilization The current average server utilization at the bank is approximately 20 percent, and the bank is deploying nearly 200 new servers per year. Using Hyper-V to deploy several applications on one physical server will allow the bank to reduce this number to just over 640 servers, resulting in a 36 percent decrease in the number of servers required. This will lower the hardware and data center costs for the servers, including space, power, and cooling, by 4.7 million kroner (U.S.$1 million). Saxo Bank Case Study Accelerated Time to Production Building a physical server took almost four hours before virtualization. Hyper-V has helped decrease this time to 20 minutes.the simplified management console in System Center Virtual Machine Manager reduces this time even more, so build time is down to 10 minutes. The value of the time savings associated with the server management improvements is estimated to be AU$1,055,000 (U.S.$999,985) per year. WorleyParsons Case Study Reduced Energy Costs Our number one cost has been power in the data center. We currently spend about $11,000 a month, but with Hyper-V we expect to reduce it to $2,500. Matt Woodings, Chief Technology Officer, HotSchedules

23 Virtualization Partner Ecosystem

24 Virtualization Our Competitive Advantage Migration Management Management Hyper-V Quick Migration WAN Disaster Recovery Unified Physical and Virtual VMWare ESX Server Architecture Support x86 & x64 x86 & x64 Large Memory Support 64 GB per VM 16 GB per VM Guest Multi-processing 4-core support (free) 2/4-core ($$) Live Migration ($$) Local Disaster Recovery Virtual ($$) Machines Virtual Only Microsoft Provides a Multilevel Approach Infrastructure Management Applications Interoperability

25 We saw that Hyper-V did everything we needed and was far more cost-effective than VMware, which costs about $6,300 per server more than Hyper-V. Nicholas Merton, IT Support, Maxol Included

26 Live Migration (coming in Windows Server 2008 R2) Overview Live-migration of VMs between servers with no loss of service. Benefits How No dropped network connections Leverages Windows Clustering Services Enables dynamic IT environment SCVMM is recommended and can provide additional Live Migration management and orchestration scenarios such as Live Migration via policy (SCVMM.vNext will be available approx. 90 days after R2) Moving from Quick to Live Migration: Changes to VMs: Changes to Storage infrastructure: Changes to Network Infrastructure: Update to Hyper-V: Yes No No No