Insecurity in Security Software
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1 Insecurity in Security Software Maik Morgenstern Andreas Marx AV-Test GmbH Virus Bulletin 2005 Conference presentation about Insecurity in Security Software Copyright 2005 AV-Test GmbH, Klewitzstr. 6, D Magdeburg, Germany Phone: , Fax: ,
2 Table of content The paradox Types of security software Comparison of CVE advisories Examples of bugs and security vulnerabilities Why bugs occur Vulnerability lifecycle What to do? (for users and developers) Trustworthy computing development lifecycle
3 The paradox All software products contains security vulnerabilities (and other bugs) AV software is widely deployed to protect companies, organizations and home users Every week, security flaws are discovered in different AV products The paradox: Security software is meant to secure the system, but nowadays it introduces new security holes.
4 Types of security software Two different groups of security software: Home and business user software (widely used) Firewalls IPSec products IDS/IPS AV software Tools used by researchers (small deployment) IDA Pro OllyDbg Softice
5 CVE advisories for vendor products (2001 quarterly average = 100, Source: The Yankee Group) Microsoft / Security vendors / All vendors
6 Bug leading to a security vulnerability A couple of examples from the last months (advisory titles): ISS and the Witty Worm Trend Micro VSAPI ARJ parsing McAfee Virus Library Symantec Multiple Products UPX Parsing Engine Heap Overflow Computer Associates Vet Antivirus Library Remote Heap Overflow Kaspersky AntiVirus "klif.sys" Privilege Escalation Vulnerability OllyDbg "INT3 AT" Format String Vulnerability DataRescue IDA Pro Dynamic Link Library Format String Vulnerability Clam AntiVirus ClamAV Cabinet File Handling DoS Vulnerability
7 Bugs vs. security vulnerabilities Some more examples of the last months: Trend Micro Virus Sig 594 causes systems to experience high CPU utilization Windows NTFS Alternate Data Streams Archive Problems BitDefender bug bites GFI Panda AntiVirus deleting Tobit David communications software Symantec Brightmail AntiSpam Static Database Password McAfee Internet Security Suite 2005 Insecure File Permission
8 Why bugs occur: 3 main factors Technical factors The underlying complexity of the task itself Psychological factors The mental models, for example, that make it hard for human beings to design and implement secure software Real-world factors Economic and other social factors that work against security quality Source: Mark G. Graff, Kenneth R. van Wyk, Secure Coding: Principles & Practices, O'Reilly, 2003
9 Vulnerability lifecycle A never-ending story! 1. Discover vulnerability 2. Develop patch 3. Get alert and install patch 4. Goto 1 Source: Mark G. Graff, Kenneth R. van Wyk, Secure Coding: Principles & Practices, O'Reilly, 2003
10 What to do? (I) Corporate users: Update your products frequently! not only signature files in case of AV software, but really all components (e.g. engine, GUI)! Read publicly available information about newly discovered flaws and don t call the people first Try to shorten test intervals (months vs. weeks) for security vulnerability related updates Scan throughput is not the only important thing!
11 What to do? (II) Software developers: Check your old known-working code Check for updates of 3rd party software included in your products File format Sandbox (enforce protocol) Strategy to use minimal rights only whenever possible (do not use Administrator or Root rights) Create easy update deployment mechanisms
12 Trustworthy computing development lifecycle (I) Four principles of secure development: Secure by design Secure by default Secure in deployment Communications Source: Steve Lipner, Michael Howard, The Trustworthy Computing Security Development Lifecycle, Microsoft 2005
13 Trustworthy computing development lifecycle (II) Example (Microsoft s suggestions): Implementation phase: Apply coding and testing standards Apply security-testing tools including fuzzy logic Apply static analysis code scanning tools Conduct code reviews Source: Steve Lipner, Michael Howard, The Trustworthy Computing Security Development Lifecycle, Microsoft 2005
14 Summary Security vulnerabilities are an industry-wide problem Microsoft isn t the only target today anymore Every error could be security relevant when it happens in security software! Proactive actions (e.g. automated and manual code reviews, rewriting of code) has to be considered Implement several layers of security ( Sandbox ) Responsible way of updating: Update often, update early, not too often and not too early
15 Any questions? Are there any questions?
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INSECURITY IN SECURITY SOFTWARE Maik Morgenstern AV-Test GmbH, Klewitzstr. 7, 39112 Magdeburg, Germany Tel +49 391 6075464 Email [email protected] Contributors: Andreas Marx AV-Test GmbH, Klewitzstr.
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