THE 21 ST CENTURY RESEARCHER

Transcription

1 THE 21 ST CENTURY RESEARCHER DOES THE LIBRARY STILL MATTER? James G. Neal Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Crossing Borders The Future of Access Conference 7 April 2014

2 BORING TITLE!!! 2

3 NEW TITLE NUMBER ONE YOU CAN T COUNT THE APPLES IN THE SEED ASSURING VITALITY AND RELEVANCE FOR THE LIBRARY 3

4 NEW TITLE NUMBER TWO PIONEERS NEED FRONTIERS ARE WE READY FOR NEW MODELS OF RESEARCH? 4

5 NEW TITLE NUMBER THREE THE TROMPE L OEIL RESEARCH LIBRARY OF THE FUTURE IMAGE AND REALITY 5

6 NEW TITLE NUMBER FOUR CHAOS BREEDS LIFE RETHINKING THE WAY SCHOLARS WILL CREATE, COMMUNICATE, AND PRESERVE THEIR WORK 6

7 NEW TITLE NUMBER FIVE SOMETIMES A SCREAM IS BETTER THAN A THESIS KUMBAYA RADICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMIC PARTNERSHIPS 7

8 DO 20 TH CENTURY SKILLS STILL MATTER? Information Selection Information Acquisition Information Synthesis Information Navigation Information Dissemination Information Interpretation Information Discovery Information Use Information Application Information Archiving In Support of Teaching and Learning In Support of Research and Scholarship 8

9 DO NEW SKILLS MATTER TO RESEARCHERS? Libraries as Consumers Libraries as Intermediaries and Aggregators Libraries as Publishers Libraries as Educators Libraries as R&D Organizations Libraries as Entrepreneurs Libraries as Policy Advocates 9

10 DO 20 TH CENTURY SKILLS ADVANCE THE SHIFTING VISION OF THE LIBRARY? Legacy Infrastructure Repository Portal Platform Application Enterprise Public Interest 10

11 WHAT IS PROVOKING NEW THINKING ABOUT THE 21 ST CENTURY LIBRARY? Rapidly Shifting User Behaviors/Expectations Redundant Inefficient Library Operations Aging Service Paradigms Increasing Emphasis on Unique Resources Need to Achieve Scale and Network Effects Through Aggregation 11

12 WHAT IS PROVOKING NEW THINKING ABOUT THE 21 ST CENTURY LIBRARY? Advanced Open Architecture Mandate for Systemic Change Acceleration of Collective Innovation New Economic Context 12

13 NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND THE 21 ST CENTURY LIBRARY Mobiles and Tablets (single, portable multi-purpose device) Cloud Computing (distributed processing and applications) Geo-Everything (geolocation and geotagging) Personal Web (customized management of online content) Linked Data (connecting and relating structured information) Semantic-Aware Applications (meaning to provide answers) Smart Objects (links physical world with information) 13

14 NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND THE 21 ST CENTURY LIBRARY Open Content (wide distribution and repurposing) MOOC (massive open online courses) Electronic Book (platforms, applications, redefinition) Data/Big Science (research information management) Games As Learning Tools (participation and interaction) Visualization and Simulation (more meaningful and intuitive) 14

15 WHAT DO WE MEAN BY TRANSFORM? to change in composition or structure WHAT WE ARE/WHAT WE DO to change the outward form or appearance HOW WE ARE VIEWED/UNDERSTOOD to change in character or condition HOW WE DO IT 15

16 WHERE DO WE INTERSECT WITH RESEARCHERS? Physical Spaces Web Spaces Collections Services Applications Technologies Classroom Laboratory Bedside Collaborations Anyone Anywhere Anytime Anyhow 16

17 HOW DO WE KNOW ABOUT RESEARCHERS? Ask Measure Listen Observe Compare Benchmark Experiment Involve Prototype Portfolio Evaluate Experience (Aha) 17

18 RESPOND TO RESEARCHER EXPECTATIONS Content Access Convenience New Capabilities Cost Reduction Participation Individual Productivity Individual Control Organizational Productivity 18

19 ENHANCE THE RESEARCHER EXPERIENCE Personal Advancement/Recognition Contributions to Scholarly Literature High Quality Instructional Experiences Successful Students Work on Innovative Projects Collaboration with Interesting Colleagues Financial Compensation Remuneration for Own Work Excellent Laboratory, Library and Technology Support Opportunities to Experiment with Technology 19

20 HILDRETH ON SYSTEM DESIGN ALIGNMENT WITH RESEARCHER REQUIREMENTS Audience Suitability Metaphorical Consistency Display Legibility Simplicity of Design Ease of Navigation Searching Power 20

21 EMBRACE THE HUMAN OBJECTIVES Success (turn out well, attain desired end) Happiness (well-being and contentment) Productivity (achieving results or benefits) Progress (forward movement or betterment) Relationships (personal connections or attachments) Experiences (observation or participation) Impact (significant effect) 21

22 CONSTRAINTS ON ACCESS TO SCHOLARLY INFORMATION Market Technology INFORMATION Law Norms 22

23 SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION CREATION EVALUATION DISTRIBUTION USE PRESERVATION SHIFTING ECONOMICS/TECHNOLOGIES/PLAYERS AND POLICIES 23

24 THE URGE TO PUBLISH Communication Academic Culture Preservation of Ideas Prestige and Recognition Profit 24

25 SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION Community of Creation Community of Production Community of Distribution Community of Consumption Community of Use 25

26 SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION Notification Service Layer Registry Layer Discovery Layer Content Aggregation Layer With: Organization-Based Open Access Policies Favorable Author Licensing Terms 26

27 SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION FUNCTIONS Information Generation and Creation Authoring Informal Peer Communication Editorial and Validation Ownership, Privacy, and Security Distribution Acquisition and Access 27

28 SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION FUNCTIONS Storage Preservation and Archiving Information Management Location and Delivery Recognition Diffusion Utilization of Information 28

29 ELECTRONIC SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION RESEARCHER OBSERVATIONS Discipline Diversity Importance of Trust Importance of Credibility Velocity of Communication Meritocracy Organized Skepticism New Economics Vertical Integration New Modes of Discourse Democratization Expanded Readership Open and Free Exchange 29

30 SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION CONCERNS Choking on the Proliferation Location of Quality Marking Corporate Economy Overtakes Guild Economy Dysfunctional Market Intellectual Property Ownership Darwinian/Capitalistic/Socialist Solutions New Models of Digital Scholarship 30

31 DISCUSSIONS WITH RESEARCHERS Scholarly Publishing Issues Now Being Discussed in Disciplines Concern About Future of Scholarly Monograph Role of Subventions and Subsidies for Publication Market Impact on Research Topics and Treatments Migration or Coexistence of Print and Electronic Importance of Electronic Access to Historical Literature Role of Google/Search Engines 31

32 DISCUSSIONS WITH RESEARCHERS Critical Importance of Linking/Browsability Role of Pre-Print and Disciplinary Repositories Role of Conference Proceedings/Grey Literature Concern About Open Access Models Fundamental Importance of Peer Review/Impact Assessment Concern About Long-Term Archiving Faculty Retention of Copyright 32

33 QUALITY ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS Peer Review Peer Review Lite Citation Measurement Use/Hits Measurement Open/Community Peer Review Career Review Industry Review 33

34 OPEN REVOLUTION Open Source Open Standards Open Archives Open Text Open Linking Open Design Open Research Open Course Content Open Reference Open Aggregation Open Storage Open Access 34

35 OPEN ACCESS Business Model Publishing Strategy Library Pledge Model Publisher Contract Model University Policy Subsidy Strategy National Policy Social Policy Disciplinary Strategy Individual Decision 35

36 RESEARCHER AND LIBRARY CORE INTERESTS Competitive Market Easy Distribution and Reuse Innovation Applications of Technology Quality Assurance Permanent Archiving 36

37 BUILDING THE DIGITAL LIBRARY QUALITY = CONTENT + FUNCTIONALITY Published/Licensed Content Primary Content Open Web Content Institutional Content Research Data Content Multimedia Content Integrated Services Software Tools 37

38 PRESERVE AND ARCHIVE THE CONTENT Archive as Repository HOLD Archive as Persistence ACCESS Archive as Curation SECURE Archive as Steward CARE Analog Digital Conversion Born Digital Disaster Preparedness 38

39 ADVANCE THE REPOSITORY MOVEMENT Discipline Repositories Institutional Repositories Data Repositories Departmental/School Repositories Individual Repositories Learning Repositories Government Repositories National Repositories Publisher Repositories Research Data Repositories THE RIGHT TO TEXT AND DATA MINE 39

40 WHAT IS E-SCIENCE? scientific research that involves extensive reliance on technology infrastructure and digital archiving of research data based on cyberinfrastructure, the aggregate of software, hardware and other technologies, as well as human expertise, required to support current and future research discoveries a system of people, processes, training, security, standards, policies, and capabilities 40

41 OPEN DATA the idea that data should be freely available for everyone to use and republish as they wish, without restrictions from copyright, patents, or other mechanisms of control

42 BIG DATA a collection of data sets so large and complex that it becomes difficult to process using on-hand database management tools or traditional data processing applications

43 SUPPORT THE NEEDS OF BIG DATA Federal/Funding Agency Mandate Massive Data Sets Unstructured Data/Curation Extraction Distribution Collaboration Visualization Simulation Preservation

44 LIBRARY CAPABILITIES TO SUPPORT E-SCIENCE Policies and Principles Related to Open Exchange of Scholarly Information Development and Maintenance of Institutional and Domain Repositories Integration and Interoperability Tools for Information Distribution and Discovery Business and Technical Strategies for Long-Term Archiving Understanding of Archival and Life-Cycle Aspects of Scientific Information 44

45 THE R&D ENTERPRISE IN THE LIBRARY New Knowledge Creation Laboratory for Experimentation Magnet for New Skills/Capabilities Venue for Faculty Collaboration Venue for Corporate Collaboration Solve Library Problems Solve Information Problems Solve Technology Problems 45

46 THE R&D ENTERPRISE IN THE LIBRARY Potential for Capitalization/Technology Transfer Foundation and Federal Funding Library Credibility and Visibility Support for Decision Making Organizational Culture Digital Library Program Development Organizational Risks 46

47 MARKET THE LIBRARY Match Capabilities of an Organization with Needs and Wants of Communities Served Existing Products to Existing Markets MARKET PENETRATION Existing Products to New Markets MARKET EXTENSION New Products for Existing Markets PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT New Products for New Markets DIVERSIFICATION 47

48 ADVOCATE THE INFORMATION POLICY AGENDA INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM PRIVACY CIVIL LIBERTIES EDUCATION PROGRAMS RESEARCH PROGRAMS INTERNET DEVELOPMENT TELECOMMUNICATIONS GOVERNMENT INFORMATION APPROPRIATIONS WORKFORCE POLICY FIGHTING THE COPYRIGHT WARS HOPE/POWER/ACTION THROUGH COLLABORATION 48

49 POLITICAL ADVOCACY THE RESEARCH LIBRARY ROLE Knowledgeable Resources for the Community Political and Legislative Advocates for Community Interests Educators of Community on Priority Issues Documenters of Impact of Legislative Actions Promoters of Campus and Community Coalitions Enablers of Successful Models Which Support Political Agenda 49

50 ARENAS FOR COLLABORATION Centers for Excellence Mass Production New Infrastructure New Initiatives Quality/Productivity/Innovation 50

51 THE LIBRARIAN/RESEARCHER RELATIONSHIP Servant Stranger Parallel Friend Partner Customer Team 51

52 CAPABILITIES OF THE 21 ST CENTURY LIBRARY INFORMATION PROFESSIONAL Deep Subject, Process, or Technical Expertise Deep Service Commitment Commitment to Research and Development Commitment to Assessment and Evaluation Communication and Marketing Skills Project Development and Management Skills Political Engagement Resource Development Skills Commitment to Rigor Entrepreneurial Spirit Commitment to Collaboration Leadership/Inspirational Capacity 52

53 WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR LIBRARY STAFFING? Professionals With Diverse Academic Backgrounds Wide Range of New Professional Assignments New Roles of Support Staff and Students Messy/Fluid Organizational Structures Impact on Values, Outlooks and Styles Impact on Campus Understanding, Recognition and Respect Impact on Organizational Relevance and Impact 53

54 THEORY OF LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT Period of EXCLUSIVITY Period of POPULARIZATION Period of DISCORD Period of DECADENCE Period of POLYGAMY/KUMBAYA Period of PARABIOSIS/SYNERGY Period of PARTICULARISM 54

55 SUPPORT THE NEEDS OF RESEARCH Navigate, Analyze, Synthesize Open Research/Continuous Scholarly Communication Scholarly Products to Scholarly Process Expertise Databases/Subject Ontologies Data Management Consulting Integration of Disparate Sources/Grey Literature Special Library/Informationalist Model 55

56 SOME FINAL THOUGHTS The library is being driven by five fundamental shifts. Primal innovation: creativity as an essential component of our organizational and individual DNA. Radical collaboration: new, drastic, sweeping and energetic combinations across and outside libraries. Deconstruction: taking apart traditional axioms and norms, removing the incoherence of current concepts and models, and evolving new approaches and styles. Survival: persistence and adaptation which focuses more on the human objectives of our users, that is success, productivity, progress, relationships, experiences, and impact. Particularism: deep specialization and rich responsibilities in the face of rampant shared and open resources. How do we respond to these revolutionary trends through our shifting geography, our essential expertise, and our advocacy of the public interest? How do we remain indispensable to the researcher? 56