Pepper disease control. Parm Randhawa,, Ph.D. California Seed & Plant Lab
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1 Pepper disease control Parm Randhawa,, Ph.D. California Seed & Plant Lab
2 Agenda Symptom recognition Where the disease come from Disease Management Check list
3 Disease control in greenhouse Depends on Growing in soil Containers (with potting mix) Hydroponic (Rockwool etc)
4 Fusarium stem rot
5 Fusarium - Infection at nodes
6 Red perithecia (Sexual spores can discharge to 6 ft at night
7 Fusarium How is pathogen introduced Soil (people, tools) Previous crop (debris etc) Airborne ascospores
8 Fusarium - Control Avoid salt burn (if rockwool dries) Reduce humidity (slow temp increase at night) Bio-control
9 Fusarium like symptoms Water soaking Erwinia stem canker
10 Erwinia carotovora How pathogen get introduced Irrigation with untreated water (ponds, rivers) Handling from people (hands)
11 Erwinia - Control Treat water (1 ppm Chlorine kills in 30 seconds) Workers (wash hands)
12 Xanthomonas
13 Xanthomonas control Buy tested seed Resistant varieties (multiple races) Actiguard (induces resistance) Copper / Maneb sprays Bacterio-phage application can help
14 Anthracnose (fruit rot)
15 Anthracnose control Seed treatment Debris removal
16 Damping off - nursery problem
17 Damping off - control Disease free media (steamed) Sanitation (trays etc) Raised benches Do not over water Treated water 2-Fungicide drench can help (Ridomil + Topsin M)
18 Sudden Wilt Phytophthora capsici
19 Phytophthora: All parts nfected
20 Phytophthora Where it comes from Seed borne? Wind blown rains bring spores from other plants (tomato, cucurbits, weeds) Irrigation water (rivers) Soil movement (oospores survive) Fungus gnats Disease develops in 3-4 days after infection
21 Phytophthora Management Treat water Disinfection of nursery containers Fungicides Good drainage (drainage area Keep weed free) Lab ID should be done to select correct fungicide
22 Control with Revus + Rodomil
23 Black sclerotia inside stem White mold on stem Sclerotinia white mold Germinating sclerotia
24 Sclertotinia control Cool moist weather disease Air circulation Sanitation Topsin M
25 Southern blight - management Hot weather disease Sanitation Aeration Spot application of fungicides (Quadris etc)
26 Other fungal / bacterial diseases Bacteria Ralstonia, Pseudomonas syringae Fungi Pow mildew, Verticillium, Cercospora, Stemphyllum, Downy mildew, gray leaf spot I have assumed that these are less frequent in greenhouse pepper culture
27 Viruses Cause malformation but do not kill Many viruses same symptom One virus many symptoms Symptoms provide a clue but Lab test is needed for Identification
28 How viruses get introduced Aphids Thrips White fly Leaf hopper Seed Cucumber mosaic, Potato virus Y, Tobacco Etch, Alfalfa mosaic, Pepper mottle Tomato spotted wilt Chino del tomate, Pepper mild tigre, Pepper hausteco, Sinaloa leaf curl Beet curly top Tobacco mosaic, tomato mosaic, pepper mild mottle
29 15-Virus PCR test Test DNA Viruses Gemini group (CdTV, PHV, SLCV, TPV, SGMV), BCTV RNA TSWV, TMV, ToMV, CMV, PMMV, TEV, PVY, AMV, PMV
30 Aphid transmitted viruses
31 CMV
32 Chilli Veinal mottle
33 Tobacco etch
34 Potato virus Y
35 Alalfa mosaic virus Bleaching of leaves
36 Thrips transmitted viruses
37 Tomato spotted wilt
38 White fly transmitted
39 Gemini viruses (DNA viruses)
40 Chino del tomate virus (CdDT)
41 Serrano Golden Mosaic
42 Texas pepper virus
43 Leaf hopper transmitted
44 Beet curly top
45 Seed transmitted viruses
46 Tobacco mosaic
47 Tomato mosaic
48 Pepper mild mottle virus
49 Virus control Screens for insect control Hand wash for tobamo viruses Tested seed (for tobamo viruses) No smoking (for TMV) Weed removal Stylet oil sprays for aphid borne Insecticides
50 Color spots (varietal) Cracking (water imbalance) Blossom end rot (calcium) Physiology disorders
51 Disease management
52 Virulent Pathogen Susceptible Host Favorable Environment Disease
53 Pathogen elimination Weed removal Insect screens Plastic cover on soil Irrigation water treatment Foot bath Etc
54 Double door for insect control Serves as air-lock
55 Clean cement walkway will keep Crawling insects away (ants)
56 Boot scrubber to reduce soil going into greenhouse
57 Foot bath to sterilize boots Greenshield, Physan20
58 Hand wash station (near entry) (Disease control during pruning, tying, harvesting etc)
59 Weed cloth 10 feet around greenhouse
60 Reflective mulch around greenhouse (to confuse insects)
61 Check for any holes in the screen
62 Debris removal at end of crop Before After
63 Plastic mulch on ground will keep soil pathogen away
64 Another Plastic Surface
65 Cull Pile Away from greenhouse Make hole Cover with soil later on
66 Special care of nursery 1 foot off ground
67 Crop Free Period Solarization (130F)
68 Elimination of susceptible host Resistant varieties are available TMV, PMMV, Xanth, Phytophthora
69 Creating unfavorable environment Heaters for step heating at night Fans to reduce free moisture Fertilizer program for inducing resistance Scouting and treatment to reduce insect /disease pressure Biologicals to slow down disease
70 Discontinuous system is good
71 Aeration and thus disease control is same in this V trellis
72 Keeping pedicel controls postharvest Erwinia soft rot
73 Biologicals keep working against pests Root fungi GSB, PM, DM Rootshield, Pre-stop, Mycostop Rhapsody, Serenade, Sonata
74 Gliocladium (Pre-stop) is parasitic on Rhizoctonia
75 Trichoderma for disease control (harzianum, viride, hamatum species)
76 Scouting for insects / diseases
77 Lab selection Choose a lab that gives quick diagnosis
78 You can send sample to me Packing Pack good Include shipping documents (permit) Use Red /white shipping label (from me) Ship Ready to ship
79 Making action plan Assessment of risk Check list
80 Risk inventory Weeds Other crops Proximity of cull pile History of previous crop Weed risk
81 End of Season: Check List Trash hole is ready Irrigation lines flushed and disinfected Nursery is treated for fungus gnats Foot bath ready Tools, carts etc disinfected Weeds, debris removed Scouting supplies are ready Met with staff and reviewed
82 Thank you
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