Big Brother Professional Edition Windows Server Getting Started Guide. Version 4.50

Transcription

1 Big Brother Professional Edition Windows Server Getting Started Guide Version 4.50

2 Copyright Quest Software, Inc All rights reserved. This guide contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. The software described in this guide is furnished under a software license or nondisclosure agreement. This software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the applicable agreement. No part of this guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording for any purpose other than the purchaser s personal use without the written permission of Quest Software, Inc. Warranty The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Quest Software makes no warranty of any kind with respect to this information. QUEST SOFTWARE SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF THE MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Quest Software shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, or other damage alleged in connection with the furnishing or use of this information. Trademarks Quest, Big Brother, Foglight, and Spotlight are trademarks or registered trademarks of Quest Software, Inc. Other trademarks and registered trademarks used in this guide are property of their respective owners. Revision: 5/4/11- Copyright 2011 Quest Software

3 Acknowledgements SocketTools by Catalyst Development Corp. Portions of this software based on SocketTools(TM) licensed from Catalyst Development Corporation Regex++ library Copyright by Dr. John Maddock Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation. Dr. John Maddock makes no representations about the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty. Cryptographic routines This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young Copyright (c) The OpenSSL Project. All rights reserved. Numeric paging This product includes POWERP32.DLL, a product written by Ron Tanner of Tanner & Associates. SMS Messaging Portions copyright(c) LANGNER Communications AG. All Rights reserved. libcurl Copyright (c) , Daniel Stenberg, <[email protected]>. NET-SNMP Copyright 1989, 1991, 1992 by Carnegie Mellon University Copyright 1996, The Regents of the University of California Copyright (c) , Networks Associates Technology, Inc All rights reserved. Portions of this code are copyright (c) , Cambridge Broadband Ltd. All rights reserved. Copyright 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara, California 95054, U.S.A. All rights reserved. Copyright (c) , Sparta, Inc All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 2004, Cisco, Inc and Information Network Center of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. All rights reserved. Copyright (c) Fabasoft R&D Software GmbH & Co KG, 2003 [email protected] Author: Bernhard Penz Charting SWFObject is (c) 2007 Geoff Stearns and is released under the MIT License

4 Jstree & Jquery Copyright (c) 2011 John Resig, Copyright (c) 2010 Ivan Bozhanov (vakata.com) Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. Charting SWFObject is (c) 2007 Geoff Stearns and is released under the MIT License IPv6 Copyright (c) 2004 by Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC") Copyright (c) 1996,1999 by Internet Software Consortium. Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. Revision: 5/4/11- Copyright 2011 Quest Software

5 World Headquarters 5 Polaris Way Aliso Viejo, CA USA [email protected] U.S. and Canada: Please refer to our Web site for regional and international office information. Big Brother Professional Edition Windows Server Getting Started Guide Software Version 4.50

6

7 Table of Contents Description of Big Brother Professional Edition... 1 About This Document... 3 Big Brother Professional Edition Terminology... 3 Getting the Product... 3 Big Brother System Requirements... 3 Installing the IIS Web Server... 4 Windows 2003, 2008, XP or Windows Installing Big Brother Installation Verification...5 Verifying Virtual Directory Creation on Windows 2003, XP or Windows 7 5 Verifying Virtual Directory Creation on Windows Manual Creation of Virtual Directories...7 Creating Virtual Directories Using IIS...7 Creating Virtual Directories Using Windows Explorer...7 Checking that Big Brother is running as a Service...8 Windows 2003, 2008, XP or Windows Accessing Big Brother... 9 Configuration files: bb-hosts.cfg and bbdef.cfg... 9 The bb-hosts.cfg Configuration File...10 IP Address and Hostname...10 Directives...10 Defining New Hosts...11 Modifying the Big Brother Display...13 The bbdef.cfg Configuration File...14 Creating Notes About Your Hosts...16 Database connectivity Creating DB tables...17 Notification Setting Notification Options...18 Creating Host Groups and Recipient Groups...18 Defining Notification Rules...19 vii

8 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledging Notifications...20 Migration From Older Versions Migrating or Updating the Big Brother Windows Server...21 About Quest Software Contacting Quest Software...22 Technical Support...22 Permanent License...22 viii

9 Description of Big Brother Professional Edition Big Brother Professional Edition (BBPE, or Big Brother) is a software tool for monitoring computers, other devices with an IP address, and processes. As long as the machines are connected to a network, the physical locations of the stations being monitored are not important. This lets you monitor computer networks remotely, 24-hours a day. Big Brother generates web pages that can be viewed internally or externally and can notify one or more people of the network status via , pager, SMS and SNMP traps. Here is a sample of the Big Brother status display Web page: 1

10 And here s a sample of the Big Brother status display using Flash: Big Brother consists of two parts: a server and a client. The server monitors services which can be tested over the Internet: HTTP, FTP, and so on. It does this by sending messages over the Internet to the host and seeing if it receives a reply. The server also collects status logs, prepares and makes available the display Web pages, and processes all notifications. The server can be installed on one or more than one computer; a single server instance can monitor many host computers. The Big Brother client tests services which can only be monitored internally by checking the computer itself: CPU and disk space usage, message files, and so on. The client must be installed on each host where you want to monitor these internal processes; it sends the results of its tests over the network or Internet to a Big Brother server. Big Brother is very flexible. You configure the hosts to monitor and what tests to perform on each. You also select when or pager notifications are sent based on test results, and who they are sent to. You can have different recipients based on the host, the test, the day, and/or the time. You can also add external scripts to extend the processes and services Big Brother can monitor. 2

11 About This Document This document describes installation and initial configuration of the Big Brother server software on a Windows host. It does not discuss installing or using the Big Brother client. For more detailed information about the Big Brother server software, please see the online help. Big Brother Professional Edition Terminology This guide uses the following terminology throughout. Understanding the terminology is important to running Big Brother successfully. Big Brother server A computer running the Big Brother server software. It may function as any or all of BBDISPLAY, BBPAGER, and BBNET. BBDISPLAY The computer that accepts incoming reports and prepares them for display. It is also called the display server. Big Brother uses the Web as its user interface, so it can be accessed by anyone with clearance to access the Big Brother site. A Flash interface is also available for viewing. BBPAGER The computer that sends notifications if alarm levels are exceeded. It is also called the pager server. BBNET The computer that performs all network tests for each protocol, for each system listed in the bb-hosts.cfg file. Starting with BBPE 3.30, you can have multiple BBNETs running in parallel (as long as each are defined with a unique location tag) Big Brother client A computer that retrieves CPU, disk, memory, process, and service information and messages using the Big Brother client software. Getting the Product You can download the product from the Quest website at Big Brother System Requirements Pentium 4 1.3Ghz or later, or equivalent, server 2GB of memory 20GB of disk space for historical data (500GB if you plan to use a database and/or save performance/trending data and/or save every incoming status) Windows XP, 2003 Server, Windows 2008 or Windows 7 TCP/IP networking 3

12 Installing the IIS Web Server In order for Big Brother to work, the BBDISPLAY machine must have a web server installed. In some cases the web server (such as Microsoft s IIS, the Internet Information Server), is already installed. The following section explains how to check for web server installation. IIS5, IIS6 and IIS7 are currently supported. Windows 2003, 2008, XP or Windows 7 1. Go to: Start, Control Panel, Add/Remove Programs. 2. Click Add/Remove Windows Components. 3. This displays a list of installed Windows components. If the IIS box is checked, IIS is already installed and you do not need to do anything. If the box is not checked, click it to install IIS. Note that on Windows 2008, all Management Tools must be installed otherwise the Big Brother installation will fail and rollback. Also make sure that the CGI module is installed in IIS. Also on Windows 2008, if you intend to use SQL Server has a data store, make sure that when you configure ODBC with BBPE, to use the 32bit driver and not the 64bit driver. Installing Big Brother Go to the directory where you downloaded the installation file. 2. Double-click the bbntdpe-450.exe file. 3. Accept the Big Brother license agreement. 4. Enter your name and a company. 5. Enter the directory to install Big Brother in. 6. Enter the directory where the database, BBVAR, will be located. The Big Brother installation will then inform you that enough information has been provided and will complete the installation. Once the installation procedure is completed a key will be generated, as shown in the sample screen below. To obtain a permanent license from this license key, call your sales representative. An entry should now be in your start menu for Quest Software, Big Brother. 4

13 The next step is to check if the appropriate entries have been made to inform the web server where Big Brother is located. Installation Verification It is important to check that Big Brother installation created the necessary virtual directories for IIS. Follow the instructions below for Windows 2000, 2003, 2008, XP or Windows 7. Verifying Virtual Directory Creation on Windows 2003, XP or Windows 7 1. Open the Internet Information Services utility: Start, Control Panel, Administrative Tools, Internet Services Manager. 2. Click the plus sign next to the host where you installed the Big Brother server. 3. Select Default Web Site. The following screen should appear: If the Big Brother virtual directory is not listed, continue with Manual Creation of Virtual Directories, 2 pages below. 5

14 Verifying Virtual Directory Creation on Windows Open Server Manager 2. Expand Roles 3. Expand Web Server IIS If the Big Brother virtual directory is not listed, continue with Manual Creation of Virtual Directories, below. 6

15 Manual Creation of Virtual Directories If the virtual directories were not created during the initial install, you must add them manually using one of the following procedures. Creating Virtual Directories Using IIS Add the /bb structure to your Web server by adding this tree structure to the <Big Brother>\WWW directory. If you have installed Big Brother server in the directory C:\Program Files\Quest Software\Big Brother\BBNTD\4.50, set the /bb Web server entry to C:\Program Files\Quest Software\Big Brother\BBNTD\4.50\WWW. You must also create a \cgi-bin directory structure for the Big Brother server. Link this tree to the <Big Brother>\CGI_BIN directory. Make sure you set the execute flag for cgi-bin in the directory tree. Creating Virtual Directories Using Windows Explorer You can also create those virtual directories by using Windows Explorer: 1. Right click the C:\Program Files\Quest Software\Big Brother\BBNTD\4.50\WWW directory. 2. Click the Web Sharing tab. 3. Enter /bb for the virtual directory name. 4. Set the permissions to Read & Script. 5. Repeat steps 1 through 4 for the directory C:\Program Files\Quest Software\Big Brother\BBNTD\4.50\cgi-bin. In step 3, set the virtual directory name to /bb/cgi-bin. In step 4, set the permissions to Execute. 7

16 Checking that Big Brother is running as a Service Windows 2003, 2008, XP or Windows 7 To check that Big Brother is set up as a service and set to run automatically: 1. Open the Services Manager by selecting Start, Control Panel, Administrative Tools, Services. 2. Make sure there is an entry for Big Brother, as shown here. Big Brother is set to run automatically by default. If there is no service for Big Brother, either re-install the product or contact Technical Support, as described on page 22. 8

17 Accessing Big Brother At this point, the Big Brother server should be running and accessible. Open a browser window and point it to the Big Brother directory: or This displays the main Big Brother page. This is the simplest Big Brother display, showing only two tests for one host (the Big Brother Server). If all the sensors displayed are in green, everything is working. In the following sections you ll see how to add more hosts to monitor and how to define the tests to perform on each one. There is a toolbar at the top left with these icons: Click this icon to display the Management page. From the Management page, you can page a Big Brother Administrator, acknowledge a page you have received from Big Brother, edit configuration files or enable/disable notifications for certain hosts and/or services. Click this icon to switch between the Big Brother main page (bb.html) and condensed view (bb2.html). Click this icon to create an availability report. Click this icon to display the help file. See the Big Brother online help for more information about these features. Configuration files: bb-hosts.cfg and bbdef.cfg You configure Big Brother server by modifying configuration files. These files have the extension.cfg and are in the etc subdirectory of the Big Brother server installation directory. In a default installation, this is: C:\Program Files\Quest Software\Big Brother\BBNTD\4.50\etc There are two main configuration files: The bb-hosts.cfg file tells Big Brother what hosts to monitor and what network services to monitor on each host. It also controls the display format of the web pages. 9

18 The bbdef.cfg file configures general characteristics of Big Brother, such as how long a status log is valid after it has been received by the Big Brother server. Any change to these files requires you to stop and restart the Big Brother server. You can do this by selecting Start, Programs, Quest Software, Big Brother, Server, Stop/Start. WARNING! Always back up bb-hosts.cfg or bbdef.cfg before changing it. The bb-hosts.cfg Configuration File When you first open the bb-hosts.cfg file, it will contain the following: # upon install, your Big Brother server is assigned # a basic configuration. Modify with the proper BBNTD server address and hostname # then start adding the other client servers you want to test. # somehost.quest.com # testip BBPAGER BBNET BBDISPLAY The last line (split into two lines in the sample above), is a host definition. The format for the host definition lines is: <IP-ADDR> <HOSTNAME> # <DIRECTIVES> The following sections discuss the parts of the host definition. IP Address and Hostname Directives The first entry on the line is the IP address of the host. To get started, change the on the first line to the address of the server on which Big Brother is installed. You can find your IP address by typing ipconfig at a command prompt. The second part of the line is the hostname. Enter the fully-qualified domain name for the server where Big Brother is installed, such as mymachine.quest.com, instead of simply mymachine. Stop and start Big Brother after making these changes to your bb-hosts.cfg file. You may have to wait up to five minutes for your changes to effect the Big Brother display. Everything after the # sign is a directive (a space should always follow it). For computers with the Big Brother server software installed, directives determine what roles this host fills for Big Brother which server functions it performs. For all hosts, they determine what network tests are performed on the host. In the above example, the directives indicate that the host with this IP is the Big Brother web server (directive BBDISPLAY), the notification server (directive BBPAGER), and runs the IP network services (directive BBNET). It will test IP connectivity regardless of the hostname by using the IP address (directive testip) and check the web page Many other directives are possible; refer to the Big Brother online help for more information. Big Brother roles and network tests are discussed below. 10

19 Big Brother Roles Directives on the line defining a Big Brother server determine which server functions that machine performs. When the Big Brother server software starts up, it finds itself in the bb-hosts.cfg file to determine what it has to do. The directives and the roles they assign are: BBDISPLAY Receive incoming status logs and generate and make available the bb.html (main display), bb2.html (condensed view) or bbf.thml (Flash view) web pages. You can define more than one BBDISPLAY if you want to run parallel instances. To use multiple BBDISPLAY servers, each monitored Big Brother client must have all the BBDISPLAY servers defined. BBPAGER Receive and process requests to notify administrators. There can be more than one BBPAGER, but if there are, the administrator may be notified once by each BBPAGER server for the same event. There is no synchronization between BBPAGER servers. BBNET Perform all network tests on each host listed in bb-hosts.cfg. Many hosts can act as BBNETs, but you should use more than one only when you are very comfortable with Big Brother server configuration. See the online help for more information. BBRELAY Relay all messages to the host defined in the BBRELAY directive. Consider this example: bbhost # BBDISPLAY BBRELAY: This Big Brother server (bbhost) will relay all of its incoming messages to the Big Brother host. The current host does not have to be a BBDISPLAY. It can just be a BBRELAY: bbhost # BBRELAY: For this setup, all Big Brother clients must assume that is a BBDISPLAY. While will receive status messages from clients, you will not be able to view them from that host; you will need to access This feature is useful to redirect status messages to a central location while keeping a local copy. It is also helpful if you need to move the BBDISPLAY server but do not have time to modify all clients with the new BBDISPLAY address. You can specify multiple BBRELAYs. To use a port other than the default (1984) on the BBRELAY server, enter the port number after the IP address. For example: bbhost # BBRELAY: :2004 Defining New Hosts You can define additional hosts in bb-hosts.cfg following the same conventions. For example, to monitor machine orwell.quest.com on IP , the entry would look like: orwell.quest.com # testip If you have a bb-hosts.cfg file with two hosts defined, like this (the first two lines are really one line in the file): orwell.quest.com # testip BBPAGER BBNET BBDISPLAY foglight.quest.com # ftp telnet 11

20 The screen display would look like this (remember, you have to stop and restart the server, and wait up to five minutes, for your change to take effect): In this way, you can add any number of new servers/workstations and other devices. The example does not show monitoring of internal services such as CPU, disk, memory, messages, processes, or services because the Big Brother client must be installed on any host where you want to monitor internal processes. Testing Network Services To test network services on a host, you list the network test directives on the host s line in bbhosts.cfg. (If there are no test directives, Big Brother will only ping the host and display the results in the conn column.) These tests will be performed by the host defined as the BBNET server. Basic TCP-based protocol tests have native support; you can easily add other TCP-based protocols. The network tests verify for connectivity and proper protocol response. (The Big Brother UNIX server tests only for connectivity.) Big Brother has native support for these TCP-based protocols: http https ssh ssh1 ssh2 telnet ftp pop pop2 pop3 smtp telnet imap If the protocol is text-based and simple, just specify it on the host line. The name of the TCP service must be valid and resolvable: the port ID and the service name must be defined in the services file (\System32\drivers\etc\services). To be tested, protocols must be listed both in the BBNETSVCS variable in the bbdef.cfg file (see page 14) and in the network services file (or equivalent), and their spelling must match. The pop3 service is sometimes listed as pop-3 in the services file; if it is, make sure it is listed the same way in bbdef.cfg. The services file is a configuration file that is part of your operating system. You can test protocols that are not defined in the services file, as described below. You can add either of two prefixes to a network test directive to change its operation: Add a! to indicate the service should not be running. This option is especially useful on secure networks to make sure certain protocols are not left open accidentally. For example,!telnet. Add a? to specify that the service is a dialup service. If the test fails it should generate a clear status, not a red status, to indicate that the service is offline. For example:?ftp. For the HTTP test, you include the URL to test after the directive. For example: 12

21 This tests the host for HTTP connections using the www-path. You can specify multiple URLs either by joining them with : Or by specifying them individually: For any network service directive, you can add these qualifiers: :s Silent mode. Big Brother connects to the service port but does not establish a protocol conversation. :q Quiet mode. Big Brother runs the regular network test but returns only the result of the test, not the protocol conversation. (This qualifier currently works only on Big Brother UNIX servers.) To add your own protocol to test (one that isn t listed in the network services file), just add the directive name followed by the port number to test on: some.host.com # newtest:1234 This creates a test called newtest which tests on port You must also add newtest to the BBNETSVCS variable in the bbdef.cfg file. You can use the :s qualifier with the new test; if the service is not text-based, you must use :s. You can also add these directives for any host: dns Check for the name resolution server. noping Do not do the ping test for this host. noconn Do not do the ping test for this host and don't generate a clear dot. dialup If the host is unreachable, display it with a clear button instead of a red button nodisp Don t show this entry in the display page, you can also say nodisp:cpu to not display the cpu result for this entry in the bb-hosts.cfg file. Multiple services can be specified; nodisp:cpu:disk will remove the cpu and disk results on the display for this entry. Big Brother supports DHCP addressing. For hosts which use DHCP, put in the IP address field, and the hostname will be used for testing. By default, Big Brother uses DNS to make sure the IP address corresponds to the host name entered. You can add the testip directive to a host definition to force Big Brother to use the IP address for that host, not the host name. If the IP address is entered as (for b DHCP), Big Brother uses the hostname regardless of testip. Modifying the Big Brother Display By default, Big Brother lists the status of each test for each host in a large HTML table on the bb.html page (or bbf.html for the Flash view) on the BBDISPLAY server. You can change this by using the group directives to split the results into separate tables, the page directives to move some results to a separate, linked page, the summary directives to display the status of one page of another BBDISPLAY, and use the display directive to isolate portions of the BB pages. All of these directives are fully described in the online help. 13

22 The bbdef.cfg Configuration File Options available in the etc\bbdef.cfg file control many aspects of Big Brother s behavior. Changes to any of these options take effect only after the Big Brother server has been stopped and restarted. The table below lists some of the more commonly-changed options. You should not need to change any of these to get Big Brother to work initially, except possibly BBWEBHOST: check this entry to make sure it includes the fully-qualified domain name. Also, if your Web server does not use port 80, you ll need to add the port number to the BBWEBHOST entry. For more complete information, see the online help and the comments in the bbdef.cfg file. Option FQDN BBSLEEP BBTMP BBSKIN BBWEBHOST Description Are the status logs reported by the clients in a Fully Qualified Domain Name format? If FQDN is TRUE, hosts will be displayed as otherwise they will be displayed as www. If you set FQDN=FALSE, make sure no two clients share the same host name. If FQDN=TRUE, make sure your hostnames in the bb-hosts.cfg file are also in FQDN format. In almost all circumstances, FQDN should be TRUE. Set it to FALSE only if you have a specific reason to do so. This is the interval, in seconds, to wait before recreating the main Big Brother HTML pages: bb.html and bb2.html. The directory to save temporary files in. Which skin (theme) to use with this Big Brother installation. You can change the look of Big Brother by creating your own skin. Instructions for creating your own look are in the online help. The portion of your Big Brother installation URL. Include the port number if your web server is not using port 80. For example: If you have a different port number, don t forget to also change bb-hosts.cfg. The format of BBWEBHOST must match the FQDN setting (see above), which usually means it should be a fully-qualified domain name. BBWEB CGIBINURL The directory path of the URL of your Big Brother installation. It is used with the BBWEBHOST variable to create the complete URL of your Big Brother installation. URL location of the cgi-bin directory used by Big Brother. You can change this value to a global cgi-bin directory. If you do, you must copy the Big Brother cgi- 14

23 Option BBLOGSTATUS PAGELEVELS SAVESTATUSLOG PURPLEDELAY BBNETSVCS BBNETSLEEP BBNETTHREADS MAXLINE PINGCOUNT MULTIOPTS Description bin programs to that directory. Status logs are converted immediately into HTML pages if BBLOGSTATUS=STATIC. If it is set to DYNAMIC, the status logs are rendered into HTML when you click a colored dot. Setting this to DYNAMIC is useful when you have a lot of hosts and want to minimize the resources used by the BBNTD program. The status color(s) that generate a notification. If set to TRUE, each color change for a status log will be saved so you will be able to view its previous log contents. (Viewing of the previous logs is currently unavailable) The number of minutes before a status log is declared outdated. If a status log hasn't been updated after PURPLEDELAY minutes, the test will show a purple dot. This may generate a notification depending on the value of PAGELEVELS. The valid network services to be tested. They must exactly match the spelling found in the bb-hosts.cfg file. The number of seconds the BBNET host waits between each iteration of the network tests. The number of concurrent tests the BBNET host can execute. You can increase the value until you notice degradation in system and Big Brother resources. Each thread tests a separate host. Maximum size accepted for incoming message The maximum number of packets sent during the connectivity test. The connectivity test returns upon the first successful test. Define the behavior of BB when tests with location tags are encountered PROPAGATE_MULTILOC_RESULT Should aggregate logs determined from multi location tests be sent to non-local BBDISPLAYs BBCURRDISP RUNOPTS Required top-level zone name when using the display zone feature Runtime options: ENABLE_DISABLE allows enabling/disabling notifications request messages DATAMSG: Accept incoming data message type NOTESMSG: Accept incoming notes message 15

24 Option Description PERF: Generate performance/trending data for network tests and display graphs TRAP: Allow BB to receive SNMP traps SAVE_IN_FILES: save BB data in flat files SAVE_IN_DB: save BB data in database USEFILES: Use flat files data for display USEDB: Use database data for display Creating Notes About Your Hosts You can set up an HTML link from any host name on the main and condensed displays to an information page for that host. You do this by creating in the www\notes directory a file with a name that exactly matches the system name as displayed by Big Brother, and a null extension or the extension.htm,.html, shtml, or.php3. When it finds such a file, Big Brother links to it from the host name in both the bb.html (main display) and bb2.html (condensed display) page. You can create these files manually or you can use the bb.exe utility which is part of the Big Brother client to send a notes message. The command format for a notes message is: bb notes {name of file} {data to write to the file} For example: bb notes <HTML><BODY> Home page for Quest Software</BODY></HTML> This command creates a file named in the www\notes directory under the Big Brother installation directory on the BBDISPLAY host; the file contains the text Home page for Quest Software. The next time Big Brother creates the bb.html and bb2.html files, they will include a link to this file from the host name Note The notes message will only be accepted if the RUNOPTS variable in the etc\bbdef.cfg file on the BBDISPLAY server has the NOTESMSG keyword defined. See the online help or the bbdef.cfg file for more information. The format shown for the bb.exe command is for a Windows client. On a UNIX client; you must replace with the IP address of the destination BBDISPLAY server. 16

25 Database connectivity Big Brother has historically saved incoming status logs and its associated data in flat files. Since version 4.00, it can also save the status information into a database. By default, it saves the status logs in flat files unless you configure it to use a database by making the appropriate changes in the etc/bbdb.cfg file. WARNING! Always back up bbdb.cfg before changing it. This section describes the steps to follow in order to allow Big Brother to save and retrieve status information from a database. Creating DB tables It is assumed that a database server has been installed and is functional. It is also assumed that ODBC has been installed and is functional. The first task to execute is to create the various DB tables that Big Brother requires. Depending on the database server that you have chosen from the list that Big Brother supports (SQL Server, Oracle and mysql), locate the script in the etc/ directory, enter the maintenance utility of your database server and execute the script. After that is accomplished, edit the etc/bbdb.cf file to configure Big Brother for use with a database. The table below lists the various settings in the configuration file: Option DATA_SOURCE USER_DB PASWORD_DB SAVEALL_DB BBSVR_NAME Description This is the data source name to use. User name for database operations Associated password with the user defined in USER_DB By default, BB only stores information when there s a change of color in a monitored item. User defined tag to associate the data to a logical server name (otherwise the local hostname will be used if undefined) 17

26 Notification By default, Big Brother will send a notification if any test returns a red or purple status. The only setup you must do for notification to work is to enter the address to send the notification to. However, in most cases you ll want to specify one or more notification rules, and change some notification options; you may have to set the mailrelay option described below. You can change who gets notified for what events by modifying the bbwarnrules.cfg file. You change the options for notification by modifying the bbwarnsetup.cfg file. WARNING! Always back up bbwarnrules.cfg or bbwarnsetup.cfg before changing it. This section discusses the changes you re likely to want to make soon after installing Big Brother, and gives some examples. The Big Brother online help describes in detail how to modify the notification rules and options. Setting Notification Options The bbwarnsetup.cfg file contains many options which affect the way notifications work. When setting up notification for the first time, you will probably want to set these three: bbwarn: Set to TRUE (this should be set by default; make sure it is) bb fromaddress: This will be the from address for all notifications. Set it to a valid address. For example, [email protected] mailrelay: The Big Brother server (specifically, the BBPAGER server) must be able to relay an to an SMTP server. Enter the name of a smart SMTP relay host. There are many other options in bbwarnsetup.cfg. You can change the status colors which trigger a notification, how long to wait before a notification, and much more. See the online help or the file itself for more information. Creating Host Groups and Recipient Groups Many installations want to send notification messages from different hosts to different recipients for example, notifications from UNIX hosts to one set of people and those from Windows hosts to another group. You can accomplish this by listing each host and recipient in notification rules (see the next section), but there is an easier way: you can define host groups and recipient groups (called page groups) in bbwarnsetup.cfg. To define a host group, you use the hg-group token. Its format is: hg-groupname: host1 host2 For example, you can create a group containing your monitored UNIX hosts: hg-unix: unixmach1 unixmach2 unixmach3 You can place any number of hosts into a host group. You can also define as many host groups as you want by entering multiple hg-group tokens: 18

27 hg-unix: unixmach1 unixmach2 unixmach3 hg-windows: winmach1 winmach2 winmach3 To define a group of recipients (a page group), you use the pg-group token. Its format is: pg-groupname: recipient1 recipient2 The recipients can be either addresses or pager numbers. Here is an example: pg-unixadmins: [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] As with host groups, you can create as many page groups as you want. Once you have defined host groups and/or page groups, you can use the group name in any notification rule instead of listing all the host names or recipient addresses. Defining Notification Rules The etc\bbwarnrules.cfg file contains one or more rules defining who Big Brother sends notification messages to. You can define different recipients for notifications about different hosts, and at different times. For example, you may want to have different administrators notified for problems during the day and at night. Rules are written in this following format: hosts;exhosts;services;exservices;colors;day;time;recipients or hosts;exhosts;services;exservices;day;time;recipients The latter format is to allow backward compatibility with pre-3.30 versions. The colors field has been added to allow a rule to trigger only on the defined colors in that filed. Note that by setting that field to *, the rule will behave like pre-3.30 versions where only colors defined in the pagelevels entry in the bbwarnsetup.cfg file are matched on. By default, each field is separated from the next by a semi-colon (;); you can change this by changing the cfgdelim setting in bbwarnsetup.cfg. The fields are: hosts: This rule is for these hosts. exhosts: Exclude these hosts from this rule. For both hosts and exhosts, you can enter host groups instead of or in addition to host names. Use the format hg-groupname. You can also enter unmatched- as the host name to indicate all hosts which are not covered by any other rule. services: This rule is for these services. exservices: Exclude these services from this rule. colors: The rule only applies to listed colors. A * uses the colors defined in the pagelevels entry in the bbwarnsetup.cfg file. day: 0-6 (Sunday-Saturday). You can enter a range of days by separating the numbers with a dash (-). For example, 2-4 for Tuesday through Thursday. time:

28 Time ranges cannot cross midnight: is not valid. To do this you must enter a separate rule for the time before and after midnight. recipients: The page groups, addresses, numeric pager numbers, and/or SMS recipients to notify. Page groups are as defined in the bbwarnsetup.cfg file. Enter pg-groupname. See the previous section. recipients are in the form: name@domain Numeric page recipients are in the form: SMS recipients are in the form: sms-recipient. Recipient must be defined in the file bbwarnsms.cfg. See the comments in that file and the online help for more information. SNMP trap recipients are in the form: trap-ipaddress or trap-hostname. Ipaddress or hostname must be defined in the bbwarnsnmp.cfg file. You can override the pagedelay default (from bbwarnsetup.cfg) for any recipient by following the recipient with a colon (:) and the number of minutes to set the pagedelay to. For example: [email protected]:20 to set the pagedelay for this recipient for 20 minutes. For all fields, you can use the * wildcard. * by itself indicates all (all hosts, all services, all days, etc.) You can also use * with a partial entry: for example, win* for all hosts starting with win. You can separate multiple entries in a field with spaces. For example, to notify recipients in the group unixadmins for all hosts in the host group unix, and all recipients in the group winadmins for all hosts in the host group windows, enter these two rules: hg-unix;;*;;*;*;*;pg-unixadmins hg-windows;;*;;*;*;*;pg-winadmins You can also create a rule to be used if a host is not listed in bb-hosts.cfg. Set the host name to unmatched-. For example: unmatched-*;;*;;*;*;*;[email protected] Here is a more complex sample rule: *;win34 unix12;*;cpu disk;red;0 5 6;*;[email protected] This rule send notifications for all hosts except win34 and unix12, and all tests except the cpu and disk tests, if the color is red and on Sunday, Friday, and Saturday only, via to [email protected] and to a pager with the number Acknowledging Notifications Anyone who receives a notification can send an acknowledgement to the Big Brother server. This changes the colored dot for the event to a checkmark and adds a status line at the bottom of the individual status page. By default, the last 25 acknowledgements are listed on the condensed display. To acknowledge a notification: 1. Display either the main or condensed display. 2. Click on the checkmark in the toolbar at the upper left. 20

29 3. Enter the seven-digit ack ID from the notification message in the Enter Security Code field on the acknowledgement section and specify the delay to apply to the next notification for the event in the Don't page me again... field 4. Click send ack Migration From Older Versions You can update Big Brother from an older version or move it to another system. In either case, perform the procedures below. Migrating or Updating the Big Brother Windows Server 1. Stop the Big Brother server through the Windows Start menu. 2. If you are going to install a new version of Big Brother to the same location as your existing version, copy the etc and BBVAR subdirectories of the Big Brother installation directory to a safe location. If you ve customized the Big Brother display by making any additions or changes in the skins subdirectory, copy it, also. If you will install the new version into a new directory (this is the default), you can skip this step. 3. Install the new version (or the same version on a new machine), as described on page Restore the saved files from the previous Big Brother etc directory, or its backup, to the new etc directory. Most likely, these files will be bb-hosts.cfg, bbdef.cfg, bbwarnsetup.cfg, and bbwarnrules.cfg. Copy all files from the old BBVAR subdirectory, or its backup, to the new BBVAR subdirectory. Copy files to the new skins subdirectory as desired. 5. Change permissions on the restored files to be read and write to the Big Brother user. 6. If you are upgrading a machine which already has a Big Brother license, the LICENSE file is copied automatically from the old etc directory into the new one. If you are changing Big Brother machines, or need a new license key for any other reason, contact your Quest Software sales representative. 7. Along with the LICENSE file, the bb-hosts.cfg, bbwarnsms.cfg, bbwarnsnmp.cfg, enadiscode, editcode, datamanagecode, security.cfg and bbspot.cfg files are also copied. And all configuration files in etc\ are backed up to.bkp files, including the files copied over. 8. If you are saving data to a database, please upgrade your database by executing the SQL upgrade script found in <BBHOME>\etc\database\<dbtype>_upgrade_410_2_420.sql 9. Stop and start the new version of Big Brother server through the Start Menu. If there is a problem, start with a clean bb-hosts.cfg file and gradually modify it, stopping and starting Big Brother after each change and noting the results. If you want to remove the older version of Big Brother once the new one is up and running, from the Windows Control Panel, select Add/Remove Programs and remove the older version. This will not remove the older version from the Start menu; you can remove the Start menu items by hand. Note Any Big Brother/Spotlight integration (.spot) files in Big Brother s www\html directory will be lost during the upgrade. You can either back up these files before the upgrade and restore them after it, or use the bbspot.cfg file and bbspot.exe program to recreate them after the upgrade. 21

30 About Quest Software Quest Software, Inc. delivers innovative products that help organizations get more performance and productivity from their applications, databases and Windows infrastructure. Through a deep expertise in IT operations and a continued focus on what works best, Quest helps thousands of customers worldwide meet higher expectations for enterprise IT. Quest s Windows Management solutions simplify, automate and secure Active Directory, Exchange and Windows, as well as integrate Unix, Linux and Java into the managed environment. Quest Software can be found in offices around the globe and at Contacting Quest Software You can contact Quest Software for product and pricing information in any of the following ways: Phone Mail Web site (United States and Canada) [email protected] Quest Software, Inc. 5 Polaris Way Aliso Viejo, CA USA Please refer to our Web site for regional and international office information. Technical Support Visit the support web site for current contact information and hours of operation: Permanent License To receive a permanent license, you must purchase Big Brother Professional Edition. To do so, contact your Quest sales representative, send to [email protected], or call (949) Once you ve purchased the product, send your key string in an to [email protected]. Please see the online help for instructions on finding your key string and entering your permanent license. 22