Events Leading up to the American Revolution

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1 Events Leading up to the American Revolution

2 What initially caused discontent among the colonies toward Britain? Great Britain had been fighting costly wars with the French and Indians in North America since the 1680s. The French and Indian War (a.k.a. Seven Years War) lasted from 1756 until When Great Britain won the war, they taxed the colonies to pay off their war debt. King George

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4 Why did new taxes make the colonists so upset? In the first half of the 1700s, Britain had basically left the colonies alone. This was called salutary neglect. The colonists were able to govern themselves with their own assemblies that made laws and raised taxes. The few taxes that were implemented were not enforced.

5 What were the new taxes levied by the Sugar Act (1764) Imposed a tax on molasses of 3 pence per gallon and strictly enforced it. This limited the colonial economy by producing a sharp decline in the rum industry. British? Lord Grenville (Treasurer)

6 Stamp Act (1765) Taxed any paper product (i.e. cards, letters, and newspapers) and required that all legal documents and printed materials have a paper stamp (only available through the government). The infamous stamps

7 Quartering Act (1765) Required colonists to house and feed British soldiers in their own homes. Townshend Acts (1765) Required colonists to pay import duties on tea, glass, lead, oil, and paper. Intolerable/Coercive Acts (1774) Closed the Port of Boston Increased Royal Governor s powers Reemphasized policy of quartering

8 How did the colonists respond to these taxes? They boycotted (or refused to buy) British products.

9 They threw a tea party in the Boston Harbor!

10 One artist s portrayal of the first in a long line of Boston Harbor polluters.

11 They tarred and feathered tax collectors!

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13 They formed the Stamp Act Congress! Representatives from each colony met in Philadelphia and determined that the British Parliament did NOT have the right to tax the colonies because the colonies were not represented in Parliament. NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION.

14 The Sons of Liberty were one example of a group that many colonists joined to express their uniquely American identity. They formed groups!

15 They held two Continental These took place in Philadelphia in 1774 and First: Delegates worked to define their grievances and define a plan for resistance. Second: The Congress organized the colonies for war and established an army to fight the British. Congresses!

16 They thought subversive thoughts! Thomas Paine s work, Common Sense, which discussed the conflict between Britain and the colonies and attacked the idea of government by kings and aristocrats, was our nation s first bestseller.

17 They declared their independence! The Declaration of Independence, penned by Thomas Jefferson, was approved on July 4 th, 1776, formally marking our independence as a nation. Give [us] liberty, or give [us] death!

18 Pre-Revolutionary Political Cartoons Instructions: Please choose ONE of the following cartoons, read the relevant information, and answer the following questions in order to determine the message of the cartoon. What s going on in this cartoon? (list people, what s happening, etc.) What message is this political cartoon trying to convey about its subject? In other words, what statement is it trying to make? Make sure to reference specific details in the cartoon to justify your position. When you are finished, please create your own political cartoon expressing discontent over one of the pieces of legislation you just learned about. Be prepared to share your cartoon with the class.

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20 Hints: This cartoon was drawn in response to section of the Intolerable/Coercive Acts that closed the Port of Boston, which was closed by the British in response to the Boston Tea Party. The topless lady is a portrayal of America.

21 Hints: This cartoon was drawn by Benjamin Franklin at the outset of colonial hostilities against the British.

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