Culex. pallens Cx. quiquefasciatus Cx. restuans, Cx salnarius, Cx. talsalis
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1 57 2 pp Culex. pallenscx. quiquefasciatuscx. restuans, Cx salnarius, Cx. talsalis WN DNA 1. West Nile virus WNV RNA 40-50nm WNV 1-3 WNV , TEL FAX takasaki@nih.go.jp 2005 WN 4 2. WN mm 2 WN WNV WNV IgM IgM IgM
2 WNV 10 3 WN RT-PCR WNV WN 3 1 WNV IgM WNV 9 6 WN 3. WNV 1937 WN CDC WNV 3 4. WNV RNA 40-50nm 11kb 5' 100 3'
3 pp nm () Bar 100nm 11kb 1 RNA 3 5 C,prM,E 7 NS1,NS2A,NS2B,NS3,NS4A,NS4B,NS5) 10 prm (furin) M 600 5' C prm E prm E prm furin M E HI 54kD E NS1 NS2A NS2B NS3 NS4A NS4B NS5 7 3' 2 Lienage Lianage1 Lianage CDC 9.6% WN TM- 171Mex03 5 E glycosylation motif
4 WNV 7 8 WNV 60 Cx. pipiense Cx. quinquefasciatus Cx. restuans Cx salinarius, Cx talsalis Culex. p. pallenscx. p. molestus Cx. p. quiquefasciatus Aedes albopictus WNV 2 WNV 6. WNV % MRI
5 pp Õ Õ Õ Õ Õ Õ ÔÕ 17D prm E prm E IgM ELISA HI CF WNV WNV Omr-IgG-am WNV WNV WN YFV17D prm E ChimeriVax-WN02 YFV17D 7 45 WNV 18 GLP WN West Nile-Innovator Canarypox vector WNV prm E Rcombitek Equine WNV vaccine prm E DNA West Nile-Innovator DNA YFV17D PreveNileTM
6 WN WNV 1 et al. 80:56-57, Hubalek Z, Halouzka J. West Nile fever--a reemerging mosquito-borne viral disease in Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 5 (5):643-50, Morales MA, Barrandeguy M, Fabbri C, et al. West Nile virus isolation from equines in Argentina, Emerg Infect Dis. 12(10): , Steele KE, Linn MJ, Schoepp RJ, et al. Pathology of fatal West Nile virus infections in native and exotic birds during the 1999 outbreak in New York City, New York. Vet Pathol 37 (3):208-24, Beasley DW, Whiteman MC, Zhang S, et al. Emergence of attenuated West Nile virus in Texas, Virology 330: , Beasley DW, Whiteman MC, Zhang S, et al. Envelope protein glycosylation status influences mouse neuroinvasion phenotype of lienage 1 West Nile virus strains. J Virol. 79: , Platt KB, Tucker BJ, Halbur PG, et al. West Nile virus viremia in eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus) sufficient for infecting different mosquitoes. Emerg Infect Dis. 13: , Tesh RB, Siirin M, Guzman H, et al. Persistent West Nile virus infection in the golden hamster: studies on its mechanism and possible implications for other flavivirus infections. J Infect Dis. 192: , ,,, et al.. 20:31-39, Hayes EB, Komar N, Nasci RS, et al. Epidemiology and transmission dynamics of West Nile virus disease. Emerg Infect Dis 11 (8): , Hayes EB, Sejvar JJ, Zaki SR, et al. Virology, pathology, and clinical manifestations of West Nile virus disease. Emerg Infect Dis 11 (8):1174-9, Granwehr BP, Lillibridge KM, Higgs S, et al. West Nile virus: where are we now? Lancet Infect Dis 4 (9):547-56, Yim R, Posfay-Barbe KM, Nolt D, et al. Spectrum of clinical manifestations of West Nile virus infection in children. Pediatrics 114 (6):1673-5, (6): , (12): , , :11-18, ,.. 63 ( 7): , Monath TP, Liu J, Kanesa-Thasan N, et al. A live, attenuated recombinant West Nile virus vaccine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 103: , World Focus 97:1-2, , Lim CK, Takasaki T, Kotaki A, et al. Vero cell-derived, inactivated WN vaccine induces protective immunity against lethal WN virus infection in mice and demonstrates facilitated neutralizing antibody response in those previously immunized with JE vaccine. Virology (in submission), 2007.
7 pp West Nile fever/encephalitis Tomohiko TAKASAKI Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, , Japan West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the family Flaviviridae (genus Flavivirus), is a mosquito-borne virus first isolated in 1937 in the West Nile district of Uganda. The disease in humans is characterized by a dengue-like illness with fever, and a more severe form is characterized by central nervous system involvement, including encephalitis, meningitis, and myelitis. WN encephalitis was first reported in the Western Hemisphere in the summer of 1999, there was an outbreak in New York City. Epidemic WNV strains in North America are severely pathogenic, however, attenuated WNV strains were found in Texas and Mexico in The principal vectors of WNV transmission in North America are Culex. pipiens, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. restuans, Cx salinarius and Cx talsalis. The number of WN fever case has exceeded 27,000 since 1999 in the United States and 4,600 since 2002 in Canada. The first imported case of West Nile fever in Japan was confirmed in September, The patient had returned to Japan from the United States and developed symptoms the next day. There is currently no WN vaccine for use in humans. An inactivated WNV vaccine for use in horses has been available since A DNA vaccine, a chimeric live attenuated vaccine, and a recombinant vaccine have also been licensed for use in horses.
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