Denominations in the 13 Colonies: 17th & 18th Century America

Transcription

1 Denominations in the 13 Colonies: 17th & 18th Century America From the Reformation to the Constitution Bill Petro your friendly neighborhood historian 1

2 Objectives By the end of this session you should be able to Trace development of American Colonial Religion Define denominationalism Discuss origins of American denominationalism 2

3 Reformation Traditions Luther - Melanchthon 1517 Lutheran 1532 Calvin - Beza French-Swiss 1519 Zwingli - Bullinger German-Swiss 1525 Grebel Manz - Simonsz Swiss Brethren 1536 Henry VIII - Cranmer English Lutheranism Episcopal } Reformed Presbyterian Scottish Presbyterian Dutch Reformed Anabaptist Congregational Mennonites English Sep English Baptists Anglican Episcopal Church of England 3

4 American Church History Colonial National 1787 Calvinism Theocentrism Modern 1865 Arminianism Liberalism Biblistic Rationalism Subjectivism Existentialism Anthropocentrism Liberalism 4

5 Colonies:

6 The 3 G s Gold God Glory 6

7 Colonies:

8 8

9 9

10 10

11 11

12 The Colonies Anglicanism: established religion in 6 of 13 colonies Virginia: London company settled Jamestown 1607 Maryland: settled by George & Cecil Calvert North & South Carolina: one colony for ½ century Georgia: founded in 1732 for imprisoned debtors New York: owned by the Dutch, then English 12

13 Outline by Region New England Rhode Island Middle Colonies Maryland South, NY, etc. Congregationalists Baptists Quakers Mennonites Moravians Lutherans Presbyterians Roman Catholic Anglican 13

14 Denominationalism Primary expression of American Christianity, post 1740 s Based, in part, on freedom to differ Denomination vs. Sect Inclusive vs. Exclusive The true church cannot be identified with any single ecclesiastical structure Seed planted by Reformers: not of bishops but of believers Architected by Congregationalists at Westminster Assembly 14

15 American Congregationalism English Pilgrims New Lights 1620 Plymouth English Puritans Boston Merge w/ Mass. Bay Co Old Lights 15

16 Roger Williams and Baptists Expelled from Mass Bay Colony Founded Providence, Rhode Island Colony 1638 Rebaptized church 16

17 Baptists Regular Baptists Calvinist Northern Baptists 1630 s Separate Baptists Arminian Roger Williams 1740 s New Light Constitution Cong ists Southern Baptists 17

18 Quakers Founder: George Fox Defender: Robert Barclay Promoter: William Penn 18

19 William Penn : 8,000 Quakers in Pennsylvania 19

20 Penn s Government 20

21 21

22 Quaker Meetings Repugnant to other denominations: Equality for women Speaking in Meeting Preaching the Gospel 22

23 Mennonites Followers of Menno Simons Germany, Switzerland, Holland Pennsylvania Quakers tolerated various sects, New England Congrationalists didn t In New England there is great liberty, if you hurry 17th-century Swiss Mennonite bishop, Jakob Amman: Amish 23

24 Moravians Germany Savanna, Georgia Fled mosquitoes and Spanish George Whitfield invited them to forks of Delaware River (Pennsylvania) Built school for training of Indians Settled Nazareth, Bethlehem, Winston-Salem 24

25 Lutherans Dutch: New Amster Swedes: 1620 s 1630 s 1700 s Delaware Vly Germans: Pennsylvania 25

26 Roman Catholicism in Maryland Father Andrew White ( ) First mass upon the arrival of the Ark and the Dove 1634: 200 settlers aboard 1632: George Calvert Lord Baltimore obtained charter from Charles I for Maryland 26

27 Presbyterian Organization National Assembly Synod Presbytery Session Synod Presbytery Session 27

28 Presbyterians English Presbyterian Puritans Continental Reform Groups ScotsIrish st Presbytery st Synod Adopting Act 1st Nat As mbly 28

29 1-Word Summary Catholic Church Luther Zwingli Anabaptists Calvin Arminius Calvinism Knox Henry VIII Pilgrims Puritans Denominations Merit Justification Sovereignty Believer s Baptism Omnipotence Ability TULIP Thundering Married Separatists Saints Inclusive 29