IMPRESSION TECHNIQUE AND MATERIALS

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1 IMPRESSION TECHNIQUE AND MATERIALS DR ZURYATI AB GHANI BDS (WALES), Grad Dip Clin Dent (Adelaide), Doctor in Clinical Dentistry (prosthodontics( prosthodontics), Adelaide, FRACDS (Australia)

2 Impressions An impression an imprint produced by the pressure of one thing upon or into the surface of another Active rather than passive role Making rather than taking Flawed impressions account for the majority of denture problems

Active rather than passive role Making rather than taking

3 PRIMARY IMPRESSION Definition-an impression made for the purpose of diagnosis or for the construction of a tray

4 Tray selection stock trays: dentate metal or plastic 2-33 mm clearance between stock tray and ridge

5 Stock tray

6 Materials for primary impression Alginate

7 Secondary or definitive impression Definition An imprint that record the entire functional denture-bearing area to ensure maximum support, retention and stability for the denture during use Primary purpose To record accurately the tissues of the denture bearing areas, in addition to recording the functional width and depth of the sulci

for the denture during use Primary purpose To record accurately the tissues of the

8 Secondary impression Conventional techniques Selective pressure techniques Functional techniques Reline and rebases techniques

9 Conventional technique Also known as Anatomical or Mucostatic The surface contour of the ridge is recorded at its resting form (no occlusal load)

10 Special trays

11 Conventional technique Material of choice (soft or less viscous impression material) alginate, Disadvantages: In free-end end saddle dentures, distal end will show tissueward movement under occlusal load ridge resorption

Disadvantages: In free-end end saddle dentures, distal

12 Conventional technique recommended for tooth supported partial dentures -Kennedy s s class III and IV -These are bounded saddles

13 Functional impression technique Impressions are recorded under functional load (pressure) i.e. Record tissue in a compressed form Also known as: Mucocompressive impression

14 Selective pressure technique Mucostatioc impression AND Mucocompressive impression

15 Support in free end saddle Support from tooth (rest seat) and soft tissue (mucosa) Tooth is rigid, mucosa is soft and displaceable During function, the free end saddle will be pushed towards the tissue and then bounces back. This movement may cause loosening of abutment tooth and resorption of alveolar bone. The aim is to create minimum movement of the denture base during function Therefore, selective pressure technique may be used to achieve this.

back. This movement may cause loosening of abutment tooth and resorption of alveolar bone.

16 Selective pressure technique Kennedy Class I

17 2 Techniques to achieve selective pressure impression Functional dual impression technique Altered cast technique or Applegate technique

18 Functional dual impression A functional impression of the edentuluos ridge is made. The 2 nd impression made over functional impression and record structures in their anatomic form

19 Altered cast technique Anatomical master impression of oral structure is made Construct master cast and refractory cast Construct metal framework with temporary self-cured acrylic resin saddles

$master cast and refractory cast Construct metal$

20 Special tray construction for selective pressure technique

21 A viscous impression eg impression wax heated to 65 C C and painted onto surface of saddles, then placed inside mouth, to get satin finish impression of the ridge Other viscous impression material is compound

23 Altered cast technique In the lab, the saddle area is cut away from stone cast

24 The metal frame is located onto the abutment teeth The saddle area is beaded and boxed The saddle area is cast (2-part stone cast)

26 Disadvantages of selective pressure techniques Tissues are constantly compressed, and can cause bone resorption due to 2 reasons: i) Constant pressure stimulate formation of osteoclasts ii) Constant pressure reduces blood supply, which simulates formation of osteoclasts. If retentive clasps do not hold denture in place, the denture will be slightly occlusal to normal position premature premature contact.

27 Technique to be practiced in PPSG Dental Clinic for free end saddle Single tray-spaced in dentate area and closed fitting in free end saddle area. Dual impression materials- alginate in dentate area and ZnOE in saddle area. To ensure ideal adaptation in free end saddle. Conventional technique rather than selective pressure

28 Courtesy of Sofia

29 Courtesy of Sofia

30 References Textbook of Prosthodontics.. Deepak Nallaswamy. Jaypee brothers medical publishers (p) LTD Notes on Prosthethic dentistry. MRY Dyer, BJ Roberts. Butterworth & Co McCracken s s Removable partial prosthodontics.. 11 th edition. Elsevier, Mosby

Removable Partial Dentures 101 Back to the Basics. Luther A. Ison, CDT University of Minnesota School of Dentistry

Removable Partial Dentures 101 Back to the Basics Luther A. Ison, CDT University of Minnesota School of Dentistry Anterior-Posterior Palatal Strap Major connector Lingual Bar Major Connector, Kennedy Class