A new method to test the resilience of a yarn for application in artificial turf
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1 A new method to test the resilience of a yarn for application in artificial turf S. Rambour, S. Janssens, G. Schoukens, P. Kiekens, R. Verhelst, P. Verleysen, J. Degrieck Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles
2 Overview introduction goal experimental setup results & discussion conclusion Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 2
3 Introduction artificial turf: widely used in tennis, hockey, rugby, 3 rd generation artificial turf: increased use in football full support by FIFA players & clubs still have prejudices because of the low quality turf in the past shortcomings of state-of-the-art turf: sliding -> see presentation Rudy Verhelst Ball roll/ resilience of fibres: this presentation Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 3
4 Introduction Joosten (2003): 77% players find ball speed and ball roll capacity high ball roll distance test (FIFA, UEFA): good on newly installed pitches too long (>10m) already after short time: degradation in quality problem with measurement: sensitive to wind, slope, brushing, wet/dry conditions Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 4
5 Introduction FIFA/UEFA test for degradation of quality of a field: Lisport apparatus measures wear & tear durability fibrillation amount of detached fibres drawbacks for fibre analysis qualitative for aspect of carpet cause of degradation (fibre, infill)? turf sample of 0.8m by 0.4m needs to be produced impossible to quantify the effect of the (visually observed) degradation on ball roll (10m needed) Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 5
6 Overview introduction goal experimental setup results & discussion conclusion Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 6
7 Goal a quick method to give the yarn producers feedback on the resilience of their yarn quantify the degradation of quality of the artificial turf fibre over time one very fast method on one filament one method to measure directly the degradation in ball roll. Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 7
8 Overview introduction goal experimental setup results & discussion conclusion Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 8
9 Experimental setup 1 Cantilever resilience test cyclic flexing test on a single filament filament is flexed 300 times (100mm/min) 1 repetition= 40min; 1 test= min 4 repetitions F Upper clamp (moving) x Turf filament Lower clamp (rigid) Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 9
10 Experimental setup 1 Cantilever resilience test Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 10
11 Experimental setup 1 Cantilever resilience test force measurement: hysteresis forcedisplacement loops F (N) displacement (mm) resilience= max force of the 300th flexing/ max force of the first flexing Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 11
12 Experimental setup 2 12m-Lisport evaluate degradation of ball roll behaviour after use on large scale samples:12m by 1m 2 studded rolls 100kg 1m wide speed: 0.25m/s 40% slip between rolls Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 12
13 Overview introduction goal experimental setup results & discussion conclusion Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 13
14 Results: Cantilever resilience test max force measured for each cycle Cantilever resilience Remaining force (N) X L Number of cycles Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 14
15 Results: Cantilever resilience test relative F max measured for each cycle Cantilever resilience Remaining force (% Number of cycles Number of flex cycles Filament L Filament X 0 cycles 100% 100% 100 cycles 48% 61% < 300 cycles 46% 57% X L Filament X is more resilient Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 15
16 Results: 12m-Lisport test ball roll behaviour samples of 12m by 1m yarn L: tufted and woven yarn X: woven sand and SBR rubber infill 15mm free pile length tufted woven Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 16
17 Results: 12m-Lisport test ball roll distance L: 46% L: 46% Ball roll (m) 8 6 X: 57% FIFA 4 2 X (woven) L (tufted) L (woven) Number of cycles resilience: X (57%) > L (46%) Difference tufted-woven Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 17
18 Overview introduction goal experimental setup results & discussion conclusion Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 18
19 Conclusion: Cantilever resilience test cyclic bending test measures resilience of 1 filament can discriminate between different types of yarn test resilience at very early stage no threshold pass/fail value yet Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 19
20 Conclusion: 12m-Lisport test measures degradation in ball roll behaviour can discriminate between different turf samples confirm resilience test further tests needed very time consuming test method Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles 20
21 Acknowledgements Vandewiele NV Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles
22 ERCAT European Research Centre for Artificial Turf Technologiepark Ghent Belgium Tel: Fax: [email protected] Stijn Rambour - Faculty of Engineering Department of Textiles
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