Topic # 08. Structuring System Process Requirements. CIS Life Cycle and Requirements Structuring Stage
|
|
- Curtis Fleming
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Topic # 08 Structuring System Process Requirements CIS Life Cycle and Requirements Structuring Stage
2 Objectives 1. Data Flow Diagrams 2. Rules and Guidelines to DFD development that lead to accurate and well-structured process models. 3. DFD decomposition into lower-level diagrams. 4. Balancing higher-level and lower level data flow diagrams. 5. Four main types of DFDs: a) current physical, b) current logical, c) new physical, and d) new logical. Data Flow Diagrams Data Flow Diagrams In this class, our focus will be on one tool used to coherently represent the information gathered as part of requirements determination Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs). A Data Flow Diagram is a picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system. Systems analysts use data flow diagrams to help them model the processes internal to an information system and how data from the system s environment enter the system, are used by the system, and are returned to the environment. DFDs help analysts understand how the organization handles information and what its information needs are or might be. Analysts also use DFDs to study alternative information handling procedures during the process of designing new information services.
3 An Example of Data Flow Diagram Data Flow Diagramming Mechanics Data Flow Diagramming Mechanics DFDs are versatile diagramming tools. With only four (4) simple symbols, you can use data DFDs to represent both physical and logical information systems. There two different standard sets of DFD symbols, but each set consists of four symbols that represent the same things: data flows, data stores, processes/actions, and sources/sinks (or external entities). A Data Flow A Data Store can be best understand as data in motion, moving from one place in a system to another. is data at rest (files, folders, etc.). A Data Process is the work or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, and/or distributed. A Data Source is the origin and/or destination of data, sometimes referred to as external entities.
4 Comparison of 1) DeMarco & Yourdan, and 2) Gane & Sarson DFD Symbol Sets DFD Rules 1) Processes cannot have only outputs, cannot have only inputs, and must have a verb phrase label. 2) Data can only move to a data store from a process, not from another data store or an outside source. 3) Similarly, data can only be moved to an outside sink or to another data store by a process. 4) Data to and from external sources and sinks can only be moved by processes. 5) Data flows move in one direction only. 6) Both branches of a forked or a joined data flow must represent the same type of data. 7) A data flow cannot return to the process from which it originated.
5 To order To print 1. No process can have only outputs or only inputs processes must have both outputs and inputs. 2. Process labels should be verb phrases. 3. Process units should be numbered Grades Send a Student letter 4. All flows to or from a data store must move through a process. 5. Data store labels should be noun phrases. 6. Data store units should be numbered.
6 Dean s Office Send a letter Student 7. No data moves directly between external entities without going through a process. Interactions between external entities without intervening processes are outside the system and therefore not represented in the DFD. 8. Source and sink labels should be noun phrases. 9. Bidirectional flow between process and data store is represented by two separate arrows. 10. Forked data flow must refer to exact same data item (not different data items) from a common location to multiple destinations.
7 11. Joined data flow must refer to exact same data item (not different data items) from multiple sources to a common location. 12. Data flow cannot go directly from a process to itself, must go through intervening processes. Differences between Sources/Sinks and Processes (a) Improperly Drawn DFD
8 Differences between Sources/Sinks and Processes (b) Proper Use of a Process DFD Levels Context DFD Overview of the organizational system Level-0 DFD Representation of system s major processes at highest level of abstraction Level-1 DFD Results from decomposition of Level 0 diagram Level-n DFD Results from decomposition of Level n-1 diagram
9 Types of DFDs Context Diagram The highest level DFD is called a context diagram. Context Diagram represents the system as a single process, with all the related entities and the data flows in and out of the system. Since the data stores of the system are conceptually inside the one process, no data stores appear on a context diagram. Level-0 Diagram, Level-1 Diagram, Level-N Diagram The next level diagram, called a level 0, decomposes the one process from the context diagram into two to nine high level processes. Each process in a level 0 diagram can be decomposed if necessary. Each resulting diagram is called a level 1. Should processes in a level 1 diagram be decomposed, each resulting diagram would be called a level 2 diagram. Each one of these processes would be decomposed on a level 3 diagram, and so on. Context DFD NOTE: only one process symbol, and no data stores shown. Context diagram shows the system boundaries, external entities that interact with the system, and major information flows between entities and the system.
10 Context Diagram: An example of the University of Missouri St. Louis Student Registration System A single processing unit No data storage units Multiple data sources (providers of data, receivers of data) Level-0 DFD Level-0 DFD shows the system s major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of abstraction (O after 1 st decimal point) Processes are labeled 1.0, 2.0, etc. (with 0 at the end). These will be decomposed into more primitive (lower-level) DFDs.
11 Level 0 Diagram: An example of the University of Missouri St. Louis Student Registration System Main (single) processing unit is divided into sub-units (level-0 processing units) Use of data storage units Still multiple data sources (providers of data, receivers of data) they are the same as at Context DFD Level-1 DFD Level-1 DFD shows the sub-processes of one of the processes in the Level-0 DFD. This is a Level-1 DFD for Process 4.0. (1 digit after 1 st decimal point). Processes are labeled 4.1, 4.2, etc. These can be further decomposed in more primitive (lower-level) DFDs if necessary.
12 Level-n DFD Level-n DFD shows the subprocesses of one of the processes in the Level n-1 DFD. This is a Level-2 DFD for Process 4.3. (2 digits after 1 st decimal point) Processes are labeled 4.3.1, 4.3.2, etc. If this is the lowest level of the hierarchy, it is called a primitive DFD. Multi-Level DFD: Webster-Plus system example Context DFD (a fragment) Main processing unit: to register for courses Level-0 DFD (a fragment) to add a course - to pay for a course - to display schedule Level-1 DFD (a fragment) to pay with credit card - to pay with cache - to pay with transfer of money Level-2 DFD (a fragment) to enter CC number - to enter FIrstName and LastName - to confirm amount to be paid
13 Decomposition and Balancing of DFDs Decomposition of DFDs Decomposition Balancing diagram. is the iterative process by which a system description is broken down into finer and finer detail, creating a set of diagrams in which one process on a given diagram is explained in greater detail on a lower level diagram. is the conservation of inputs and outputs to a data flow diagram process when that process is decomposed to a lower level. You can determine if a set of DFDs are balanced or not by observing whether or not a process which appears in a level n diagram has the same inputs and outputs when decomposed for a lower-level Topic # 08 Structuring System Process Requirements: In-Classroom Exercise
14 Four Different Types of DFDs Types of DFDs There are actually four different types of DFDs used in system s development process: 1) Current physical, 2) Current logical, 3) New logical, and 4) New physical. Current physical DFDs often show the people and technology used within a system, showing who does what and the media on which data are stored. Current logical DFDs attempt to show the essence of the system without regard to the actual physical implementation. Note: Detailed DFDs for the current physical system tend to take a great deal of time and then tend to be tossed aside as the focus shifts from the current to the new system. By not drawing current physical DFDs, or by drawing only cursory ones, analysts can save themselves effort and focus from the beginning on what is really important, the new system. An Example of Current Physical Inventory Control (a) Context Diagram
15 An Example of Current Physical Inventory Control System (b) Level-0 Data Flow Diagram Four Different Types of DFDs A current logical data flow diagram is a model of the current information system in which the physical aspects of the system are removed as much as possible so that the current system is reduced to its essence, to the data and the processes that transform them, regardless of actual physical form. A new logical data flow diagram is a model of the target information system that depicts the functionality and data flows of the target system without regards to how the system will be physically implemented.
16 Level-0 Data Flow Diagram for Current Logical Inventory Control System Level-0 Flow Diagram for New Logical Inventory Control System
17 Guidelines for Drawing DFDs Additional DFD Guidelines: DFD Completeness DFD Consistency the extent to which all necessary components of a data flow diagram have been included and fully described. the extent to which information contained on one level of a set of nested DFDs is also included on other levels. Timing Iterative Development Primitive DFDs the lowest level of decomposition for a DFD. Topic # 08 Structuring System Process Requirements: Homework Assignment
LECTURE 11: PROCESS MODELING
LECTURE 11: PROCESS MODELING Outline Logical modeling of processes Data Flow Diagram Elements Functional decomposition Data Flows Rules and Guidelines Structured Analysis with Use Cases Learning Objectives
More informationData Flow Diagrams. Outline. Some Rules for External Entities 1/25/2010. Mechanics
Data Flow Diagrams Mechanics Outline DFD symbols External entities (sources and sinks) Data Stores Data Flows Processes Types of diagrams Step by step approach Rules Some Rules for External Entities External
More informationChapter 7: Structuring System Process Requirements
Chapter 7: Structuring System Process Requirements Multiple Choice Questions 1. Data flow diagrams that concentrate on the movement of data between processes are referred to as: a. process models b. data
More information1. Process Modeling. Process Modeling (Cont.) Content. Chapter 7 Structuring System Process Requirements
Content Chapter 7 Structuring System Process Requirements Understand the logical (&physical) process modeling by using data flow diagrams (DFDs) Draw DFDs & Leveling Balance higher-level and lower-level
More information6-1. Process Modeling
6-1 Process Modeling Key Definitions Process model A formal way of representing how a business system operates Illustrates the activities that are performed and how data moves among them Data flow diagramming
More informationWhy Data Flow Diagrams?
Flow Diagrams A structured analysis technique that employs a set of visual representations of the data that moves through the organization, the paths through which the data moves, and the processes that
More informationCSC 342 Semester I: 1425-1426H (2004-2005 G)
CSC 342 Semester I: 1425-1426H (2004-2005 G) Software Engineering Systems Analysis: Requirements Structuring Context & DFDs. Instructor: Dr. Ghazy Assassa Software Engineering CSC 342/Dr. Ghazy Assassa
More informationAn Automatic Tool for Checking Consistency between Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs)
An Automatic Tool for Checking Consistency between Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) Rosziati Ibrahim, Siow Yen Yen Abstract System development life cycle (SDLC) is a process uses during the development of any
More informationFunctional Modeling with Data Flow Diagrams
Functional Modeling with Data Flow Diagrams Amasi Elbakush 5771668 Teaching Assistant : Daniel Alami Utrecht University 1 Introduction Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) are a visual representation of the flow
More informationSystems Analysis Process Modeling (DFD) 1 of 10. Analysis 003
Systems Analysis Process Modeling (DFD) 1 of 10 Goals: Process modeling (Data flow diagrams) Recognize and describe abstractions Identify the four elements of a DFD Construct a DFD Decompose a DFD Analysis
More informationProcess Modelling. Data flow Diagrams. Process Modelling Data Flow Diagrams. CSE1204 - Information Systems 1
CSE04 - Information s Process Modelling Data Flow Diagrams Process Modelling Process modelling aims to graphically represent the processes which capture, manipulate, store and distribute data. data flow
More informationCA ERwin Process Modeler Data Flow Diagramming
CA ERwin Process Modeler Data Flow Diagramming Overview Guide r7.3 This documentation and any related computer software help programs (hereinafter referred to as the Documentation ) is for the end user
More informationProcess signifies that some transformation of data takes place. The number in the space at the top is used in multi-level DFDs (see below).
Data Online Flow Diagrams s used in DFDs All DFDs are made up of just four key symbols, a notation which allows the system to be represented in enough detail to convey its meaning, but without adding unnecessary
More informationProcess for Data Flow Diagram Process Documentation Template: Description
Data Flow Diagram Process Sui Generis Team Process for Data Flow Diagram Process Documentation Template: Item Description Process Title Data Flow Diagram Process Process # CMPE202-5-Sui2 Date September
More informationIII. Structured Analysis and Design Technique (SADT) SADT: Structured Analysis and Design Technique
III. Structured Analysis and Design Technique (SADT) Hisry Data and Activities SADT Diagrams The SADT Analysis Process Data Flow Diagrams 2004 John Mylopoulos SADT -- 1 SADT: Structured Analysis and Design
More information(Refer Slide Time 00:56)
Software Engineering Prof.N. L. Sarda Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture-12 Data Modelling- ER diagrams, Mapping to relational model (Part -II) We will continue
More informationCollated Food Requirements. Received orders. Resolved orders. 4 Check for discrepancies * Unmatched orders
Introduction to Data Flow Diagrams What are Data Flow Diagrams? Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) model that perspective of the system that is most readily understood by users the flow of information around the
More informationChapter 3. Data Flow Diagrams
Chapter 3. Data Flow Diagrams Table of Contents Objectives... 1 Introduction to Data Flow Diagrams... 2 What are Data Flow Diagrams?... 2 An example Data Flow Diagram... 2 The benefits of Data Flow Diagrams...
More informationFlowcharting, pseudocoding, and process design
Systems Analysis Pseudocoding & Flowcharting 1 Flowcharting, pseudocoding, and process design The purpose of flowcharts is to represent graphically the logical decisions and progression of steps in the
More informationProcess Modeling. Chapter 6. (with additions by Yale Braunstein) Slide 1
Process Modeling Chapter 6 (with additions by Yale Braunstein) Slide 1 PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
More informationMODULE 5 DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS
MODULE 5 DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS Learning Units 5.1 Developing Data Flow Diagrams(DFD) a) What are DFDs? b) Symbols used in DFD c) Rules of data flow d) Good style in drawing DFD 5.2 Describing systems with
More informationUnderstanding Data Flow Diagrams Donald S. Le Vie, Jr.
Understanding Flow Diagrams Donald S. Le Vie, Jr. flow diagrams (DFDs) reveal relationships among and between the various components in a program or system. DFDs are an important technique for modeling
More informationChapter 6. Data-Flow Diagrams
Chapter 6. Data-Flow Diagrams Table of Contents Objectives... 1 Introduction to data-flow diagrams... 2 What are data-flow diagrams?... 2 An example data-flow diagram... 2 The benefits of data-flow diagrams...
More informationData Flow Diagram. Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs)
Data Flow Diagram Introduction The three most important modeling techniques used in analysing and building information systems are: Data Flow Diagramming (DFDs), Logical Data Structure modelling (LDSs),
More informationProcess and Database Modelling of a University Bursary System: A Perspective of Cash Office
www.ijcsi.org 555 Process and Database Modelling of a University Bursary System: A Perspective of Cash Office Friday Yakubu 1, Barroon Isma eel Ahmad 2, Olugbemi Morenike Omowumi 3, Maria Abur Mngohol
More information2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION TECHNIQUES
2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION TECHNIQUES 2.1 INTRODUCTION Graphical representation of any process is always better and more meaningful than its representation in words. Moreover, it is very difficult to arrange
More informationFunctional Data Flow Diagrams. Outline
Introduction to Database Systems Functional s Ling Liu Associate Professor College of Computing, Georgia Tech 1 Outline This week: Exercise of Relational Algebra Techniques for ming Next Week Midterm 1
More informationD6 INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT. SOLUTIONS & MARKING SCHEME. June 2013
D6 INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT. SOLUTIONS & MARKING SCHEME. June 2013 The purpose of these questions is to establish that the students understand the basic ideas that underpin the course. The answers
More informationQUALITY TOOLBOX. Understanding Processes with Hierarchical Process Mapping. Robert B. Pojasek. Why Process Mapping?
QUALITY TOOLBOX Understanding Processes with Hierarchical Process Mapping In my work, I spend a lot of time talking to people about hierarchical process mapping. It strikes me as funny that whenever I
More information1 INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
1 INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 1.1 INTRODUCTION Systems are created to solve problems. One can think of the systems approach as an organized way of dealing with a problem. In this dynamic
More informationIntroduction to System Architect Student Edition (A Product of Popkin Software)
Introduction to System Architect Student Edition (A Product of Popkin Software) Dr. DOROTHY G. DOLOGITE Dr. RICHARD D. HOLOWCZAK Professors of Computer Information Systems Zicklin School of Business, Baruch
More informationAnnouncements. SE 1: Software Requirements Specification and Analysis. Review: Use Case Descriptions
Announcements SE 1: Software Requirements Specification and Analysis Lecture 4: Basic Notations Nancy Day, Davor Svetinović http://www.student.cs.uwaterloo.ca/ cs445/winter2006 uw.cs.cs445 Send your group
More informationEntity / Activity Table for Causeway Cash Receipts System
Entity / Activity Table for Causeway Cash System Entity Activity 1 Sends checks and remittance advices (together) 2 Mailroom Clerk Endorses checks 3 Mailroom Clerk Processes remittance - writes amount
More informationObjectives After completion of study of this unit you should be able to:
Data Flow Diagram Tutorial Objectives After completion of study of this unit you should be able to: Describe the use of data flow diagrams Produce a data flow diagram from a given case study including
More informationData Flow Diagram (DFD) Tutorial Written Date : January 27, 2012
Written Date : January 27, 2012 What is a data flow diagram (DFD)? Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) helps us in identifying existing business processes. It is a technique we benefit from particularly before we
More informationIdentifying BI Opportunities and BIS Development Process
Identifying BI Opportunities and BIS Development Process Week 4 Dr. Jocelyn San Pedro School of Information Management & Systems Monash University IMS3001 BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS SEM 1, 2004 The
More informationCHAPTER 3. Data Modeling and Database Design- Part1
CHAPTER 3 Data Modeling and Database Design- Part1 INTRODUCTION Questions to be addressed in this chapter include: What is the purpose of documentation? Why do accountants need to understand documentation?
More informationData Flow Diagrams. Outline. Many fur ther Examples Developed in Class
Outline Basics Levels of Detail Bad & Good DFD Practices Many fur ther Examples Developed in Class Basics Data Flow Diagram Notation Notation: Source Process (transfor m) File (store) Sink (destination)
More informationSystems Documentation Techniques
CHAPTER 3 Systems Documentation Techniques LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, you should be able to:. Prepare and use data flow diagrams to understand, evaluate, and document information
More informationProcess Analysis. Work Process Documentation Guidelines. Purpose
Purpose The purpose of this tool is threefold: Convey a common understanding of the basis for documenting work processes by defining the five levels of detail for capturing work process Provide instructions
More informationMethods and Tolls for Business Process Modeling
Methods and Tolls for Business Process Modeling Operations Management Dr. Giuditta Pezzotta Università degli Studi di Bergamo 2011 Riproduzione riservata http://cels.unibg.it 1 Objectives of the lesson
More informationModule 7. Software Engineering Issues. Version 2 EE IIT, Kharagpur 1
Module 7 Software Engineering Issues Version 2 EE IIT, Kharagpur 1 Lesson 36 Software Design Part 1 Version 2 EE IIT, Kharagpur 2 Specific Instructional Objectives At the end of this lesson, the student
More informationBusiness Process Modeling Approaches in the Context of Process Level Audit Risk. Assessment: An Analysis and Comparison.
Business Process Modeling Approaches in the Context of Process Level Audit Risk Assessment: An Analysis and Comparison Carla Carnaghan School of Accountancy University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1
More informationChapter 3. Data Analysis and Diagramming
Chapter 3 Data Analysis and Diagramming Introduction This chapter introduces data analysis and data diagramming. These make one of core skills taught in this course. A big part of any skill is practical
More informationWhy Documentation Is Important. Documentation of Systems. Document Flowcharts. Types of Documentation
Core Concepts of ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS Moscove, Simkin & Bagranoff Chapter 2 Documenting Accounting Information Systems Developed by: S. Bhattacharya, Ph.D. Florida Atlantic University Introduction
More information3SL. Requirements Definition and Management Using Cradle
3SL Requirements Definition and Management Using Cradle November 2014 1 1 Introduction This white paper describes Requirements Definition and Management activities for system/product development and modification
More informationHow To Develop Software
Software Engineering Prof. N.L. Sarda Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture-4 Overview of Phases (Part - II) We studied the problem definition phase, with which
More informationAPM web briefing - Use of Product Breakdown Structures and Work Breakdown Structures
APM web briefing - Use of Product Breakdown Structures and Work Breakdown Structures Introduction Product Breakdown Structures and Work Breakdown Structures look very similar and both have important roles
More informationClassnotes 5: 1. Design and Information Flow A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical technique that is used to depict information flow, i.e.
Classnotes 5: 1. Design and Information Flow A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical technique that is used to depict information flow, i.e., a representation of information as a continuous flow that
More informationModern Systems Analysis and Design
Modern Systems Analysis and Design Prof. David Gadish Structuring System Data Requirements Learning Objectives Concisely define each of the following key data modeling terms: entity type, attribute, multivalued
More informationInteraction Diagrams. Use Cases and Actors INTERACTION MODELING
Karlstad University Department of Information Systems Adapted for a textbook by Blaha M. and Rumbaugh J. Object Oriented Modeling and Design Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005 INTERACTION MODELING Remigijus GUSTAS
More informationUsing UML Part Two Behavioral Modeling Diagrams
UML Tutorials Using UML Part Two Behavioral Modeling Diagrams by Sparx Systems All material Sparx Systems 2007 Sparx Systems 2007 Page 1 Trademarks Object Management Group, OMG, Unified Modeling Language,
More informationMEASURING SOFTWARE FUNCTIONAL SIZE FROM BUSINESS PROCESS MODELS
International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering World Scientific Publishing Company MEASURING SOFTWARE FUNCTIONAL SIZE FROM BUSINESS PROCESS MODELS CARLOS MONSALVE CIDIS-FIEC, Escuela
More informationSoftware Design. Design (I) Software Design Data Design. Relationships between the Analysis Model and the Design Model
Software Design Design (I) Software Design is a process through which requirements are translated into a representation of software. Peter Lo CS213 Peter Lo 2005 1 CS213 Peter Lo 2005 2 Relationships between
More information3.1 Use Case Diagrams
3.1 Subject/Topic/Focus: Introduction to Use Cases Summary: System Boundary Actors Use Cases Generalization, Inclusion, Extension Literature: [Fowler99], UML Distilled, Second Edition [Booch98] Last change:
More informationFor any human, to have any hope of being successful, it must pass through a small set of essential phases.
CHAPTER 1 Logical Analysis & Problem Solving for Programming Beginning System Analysis and Design For any human, to have any hope of being successful, it must pass through a small set of essential phases.
More informationAfter all preliminary research is done, the working outline is created to organize all of the ideas you plan to include in the research paper.
Create a Working Outline After all preliminary research is done, the working outline is created to organize all of the ideas you plan to include in the research paper. A working outline should be set up
More informationConcepts in Enterprise Resource Planning
Concepts in Enterprise Resource Planning Third Edition Chapter Seven Process Modeling, Process Improvement and ERP Implementation Objectives After completing this chapter, you will be able to: Use basic
More information11 November 2015. www.isbe.tue.nl. www.isbe.tue.nl
UML Class Diagrams 11 November 2015 UML Class Diagrams The class diagram provides a static structure of all the classes that exist within the system. Classes are arranged in hierarchies sharing common
More informationQuick Guide Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN)
Quick Guide Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) IDM Technical Team January 2007 Quick Guide: BPMN 2 of 14 The scope of this document is to provide a quick guide to the concepts and usage of the Business
More informations от Systems Analysis and Design
s от Systems Analysis and Design lourih EDITION Joseph S. Valacich Washington State University Joey F. George Florida State University Jeffrey A. Hoffer University of Dayton Pearson Education International
More informationProject Management Planning
Develop Project Tasks One of the most important parts of a project planning process is the definition of activities that will be undertaken as part of the project. Activity sequencing involves dividing
More informationProcess / Operation Symbols
Flowchart s and Their Meanings Flowchart s Defined By Nicholas Hebb The following is a basic overview, with descriptions and meanings, of the most common flowchart symbols - also commonly called flowchart
More informationRelease Notes. Asset Control and Contract Management Solution 6.1. March 30, 2005
Release Notes Asset Control and Contract Management Solution 6.1 March 30, 2005 Contents SECTION 1 OVERVIEW...4 1.1 Document Purpose... 4 1.2 Background... 4 1.3 Documentation... 4 SECTION 2 UPGRADING
More informationBUSINESS PROCESS DOCUMENTATION
BUSINESS PROCESS DOCUMENTATION TRAINING COURSE October, 2008 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Ali Rammal, Tax Administration
More informationThomson Learning TM DOCUMENTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS CHAPTER
CHAPTER 3 DOCUMENTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS LEARNING OBJECTIVES To read and evaluate data flow diagrams. To read and evaluate systems flowcharts. To read and evaluate entity-relationship diagrams. To prepare
More informationIssues in Information Systems Volume 15, Issue I, pp. 52-60, 2014
ORGANIZATIONALLY AGNOSTIC BUSINESS MODELING: HOW TO MAKE BUSINESS ARCHITECTURE ADAPTABLE TO ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE Carlos E. Martinez, The MITRE Corporation, cmartinez@mitre.org Sheila A. Cane, The MITRE
More informationRequirements Analysis Concepts & Principles. Instructor: Dr. Jerry Gao
Requirements Analysis Concepts & Principles Instructor: Dr. Jerry Gao Requirements Analysis Concepts and Principles - Requirements Analysis - Communication Techniques - Initiating the Process - Facilitated
More informationOracle Application Integration Architecture: Business Process Modeling and Analysis. An Oracle White Paper April 2009
Oracle Application Integration Architecture: Business Process Modeling and Analysis An Oracle White Paper April 2009 Note: The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended
More informationChapter 8 Approaches to System Development
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, sixth edition 8-1 Chapter 8 Approaches to System Development Table of Contents Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Notes on Opening Case and EOC Cases
More informationProcess Flowcharting for SOP Development, Implementation, Training and Maintenance
Vol. 3, No. 7, July 2007 Can You Handle the Truth? Process Flowcharting for SOP Development, Implementation, Training and Maintenance By Lorrie D. Divers Standard operating procedures (SOPs) are detailed,
More informationBPMN 2.0 Tutorial. Daniel Brookshier Distinguished Fellow No Magic Inc.
BPMN 2.0 Tutorial Daniel Brookshier Distinguished Fellow No Magic Inc. About the Tutorial Generated from MagicDraw UML Based on current BPMN 2.0 for UML reference implementation. Developed by Daniel Brookshier,
More informationData Flow Diagram (DFD) Tutorial Written Date : January 27, 2012
Written Date : January 27, 2012 What is a data flow diagram (DFD)? Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) helps us in identifying existing business processes. It is a technique we benefit from particularly before we
More informationSystems Investigation and Analysis. Systems Development. What is it? Why Plan?
C H A P T E R 12 Systems Investigation and Analysis Systems Development What is it? If you can t do it better, why do it? -Herbert H. Dow, Founder, Dow Chemical Company Why Plan? Why do we need a process?
More informationData Flow Diagrams and Use cases
. Business Analysis Whitepaper Data Flow Diagrams and Use cases 2006 Majik Consulting, All rights reserved Page 1 of 16 Copy No: Document No Unauthorised Copying Revision: 1.0 27 December 2008 2006 Majik
More informationIntroduction to Project Management
Introduction to Project Management Chapter 6 Managing Project Scheduling Information Systems Project Management: A Process and Team Approach, 1e Fuller/Valacich/George 2008 Prentice Hall 6-1 What is Project
More informationApplication Lifecycle Management: Marriage of Business Management with Software Engineering
Application Lifecycle Management: Marriage of Business Management with Software Engineering Lovelesh Chawla, Robert F. Roggio School of Computing University of North Florida Jacksonville, FL Lovelesh.chawla@gmail.com
More informationWork Breakdown Structure (WBS)
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) The building blocks of a schedule start with a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS). The WBS is a hierarchical reflection of all the work in the project in terms of deliverables.
More informationIntroduction to BPMN
Stephen A. White, IBM Corporation Abstract This paper is intended to provide a high-level overview and introduction to the Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN). The context and general uses for BPMN
More informationSOFTWARE ENGINEERING IT 0301 Semester V B.Nithya,G.Lakshmi Priya Asst Professor SRM University, Kattankulathur. School of Computing, Department of IT
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING IT 0301 Semester V B.Nithya,G.Lakshmi Priya Asst Professor SRM University, Kattankulathur School of Computing, Department of IT 1 Analysis Modeling Cardinality and Modality Cardinality
More informationESL 005 Advanced Grammar and Paragraph Writing
ESL 005 Advanced Grammar and Paragraph Writing Professor, Julie Craven M/Th: 7:30-11:15 Phone: (760) 355-5750 Units 5 Email: julie.craven@imperial.edu Code: 30023 Office: 2786 Room: 201 Course Description:
More informationTwo's Complement Adder/Subtractor Lab L03
Two's Complement Adder/Subtractor Lab L03 Introduction Computers are usually designed to perform indirect subtraction instead of direct subtraction. Adding -B to A is equivalent to subtracting B from A,
More informationFUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND ALLOCATION
Functional Analysis Allocation CHAPTER 5 FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND ALLOCATION 5.1 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this systems engineering process activity is to transform the functional, performance, interface
More informationICT Business Function Analysis
Institutional and Sector Modernisation Facility ICT Standards ICT Business Function Analysis Document number: ISMF-ICT/3.04 Version: 3.0 Project Funded by the European Union 1 Document control 1.1 List
More information8. Management System. 8. Management System
Department of Global Business and Transportation Introduction The subject of transportation management suggests an associated management system. This note 1 discusses building such a system. A management
More informationSOFTWARE ENGINEERING INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INTERVIEW QUESTIONS http://www.tutorialspoint.com/software_engineering/software_engineering_interview_questions.htm Copyright tutorialspoint.com Dear readers, these Software Engineering
More informationBusiness Systems Analysis - Course Outline -
Business Systems Analysis ms110 - Course Outline - Objective Lecturer The objective of this course is to develop in students an understanding of the concepts, skills and techniques required to become an
More informationUse Case Diagrams. Tutorial
Use Case Diagrams Tutorial What is a use case? A requirements analysis concept A case of a use of the system/product Describes the system's actions from a the point of view of a user Tells a story A sequence
More informationData Flow Diagrams: more details. Recall: Specifications What are specs? Specs and UP. Brief Review: Specs. Things to recall about specs
Data Flow Diagrams: more details Source: Bertrand Portier, IBM, http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-soa-term2/ Recall: Specifications What are specs? Why are they important? Today
More informationUsing the Asset Diagram in Innoslate
Using the Asset Diagram in Innoslate This document discusses how to use Innoslate s Asset Diagram, which is also known as a physical block diagram. Contents Introduction...2 Adding an Asset...2 Adding
More informationFROM BUSINESS ACTIVITIES TO ONLINE APPLICATION DESIGN
TTLE FROM BUSNESS ACTVTES TO ONLNE APPLCATON DESGN Theo Gielens Database Consultants Europe B.V. Amsterdam, Netherlands ABSTRACT All Design begins with Analysis and, in this paper, we look at how the results
More informationSubject : System Analysis and Design BCA -II UNIT 1
Subject : System Analysis and Design BCA -II UNIT 1 Ques1 what is system design.explain its types. Ans: SYSTEM DESIGN :Systems design is the process or art of defining the architecture, components, modules,
More informationComputer Programming Lecturer: Dr. Laith Abdullah Mohammed
Algorithm: A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem in a finite amount of time. Algorithms can be represented using Flow Charts. CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ALGORITHM: Computer Programming Lecturer: Dr.
More informationMathematics Cognitive Domains Framework: TIMSS 2003 Developmental Project Fourth and Eighth Grades
Appendix A Mathematics Cognitive Domains Framework: TIMSS 2003 Developmental Project Fourth and Eighth Grades To respond correctly to TIMSS test items, students need to be familiar with the mathematics
More informationProblem Solving Basics and Computer Programming
Problem Solving Basics and Computer Programming A programming language independent companion to Roberge/Bauer/Smith, "Engaged Learning for Programming in C++: A Laboratory Course", Jones and Bartlett Publishers,
More informationFoundations for Systems Development
Foundations for Systems Development ASSIGNMENT 1 Read this assignment introduction. Then, read Chapter 1, The Systems Development Environment, on pages 2 25 in your textbook. What Is Systems Analysis and
More informationL20: GPU Architecture and Models
L20: GPU Architecture and Models scribe(s): Abdul Khalifa 20.1 Overview GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) are large parallel structure of processing cores capable of rendering graphics efficiently on displays.
More informationName: Class: Date: AIST3610 StudyChk02 - Questions from text Chapters 3 & 4
Class: Date: AIST3610 StudyChk02 - Questions from text Chapters 3 & 4 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. An example of a nonfunctional requirement
More informationDM74LS47 BCD to 7-Segment Decoder/Driver with Open-Collector Outputs
DM74LS47 BCD to 7-Segment Decoder/Driver with Open-Collector Outputs General Description The DM74LS47 accepts four lines of BCD (8421) input data, generates their complements internally and decodes the
More information