ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT CLASSES AND SUBCLASSES

Transcription

1 ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT CLASSES AND SUBCLASSES FOR USE WITH CLSI DOCUMENTS M2 AND M7 Beta-lactams: penicillins e penicillin a penicillin beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations aminopenicillin a ureidopenicillin a carboxypenicillin a penicillinase-stable penicillins b amidinopenicillin amoxicillin ampicillin azlocillin mezlocillin piperacillin carbenicillin ticarcillin cloxacillin dicloxacillin methicillin nafcillin oxacillin mecillinam cephems (parenteral) cephalosporin I c,e cefazolin cephalothin cephapirin cephradine cephalosporin II c,e amoxicillin-clavulanic acid ampicillin-sulbactam aztreonam-avibactam ceftaroline-avibactam ceftazidime-avibactam ceftolozane-tazobactam piperacillin-tazobactam ticarcillin-clavulanic acid cefamandole cefonicid cefuroxime (parenteral) Antimicrobial Agent Classes and Subclasses Page 1 of 5

2 Beta-lactams (continued): Cephems (parenteral) (continued) cephalosporin III c,e cephalosporin IV c,e Cephalosporins with anti-mrsa activity cephamycin d oxacephem cefoperazone cefotaxime ceftazidime ceftizoxime ceftriaxone cefepime ceftaroline ceftobiprole cefmetazole cefotetan cefoxitin moxalactam cephems (oral) cephalosporin e cefaclor cefadroxil cefdinir cefditoren cefetamet cefixime cefpodoxime cefprozil ceftibuten cefuroxime (oral) cephalexin cephradine carbacephem loracarbef monobactams e aztreonam penems carbapenem biapenem doripenem ertapenem imipenem meropenem razupenem penem faropenem sulopenem a. Penicillinase-labile; hydrolyzed by staphylococcal penicillinase. b. Not hydrolyzed by staphylococcal penicillinase. c. Cephalosporin I, II, III, and IV are sometimes referred to as 1st-, 2nd-, 3rd-, and 4th-generation cephalosporins, respectively. Cephalosporin III and IV are also referred to as "extended-spectrum cephalosporins". This does not imply activity against ESBL-producing gram-negative bacteria. d. Athough often referred to as a 2nd-generation cephalosporin, cephamycins are not included with the other cephalosporins with regard to reporting of ESBL-producing strains. e. For all confirmed ESBL-producing strains, the test interpretation should be reported as resistant for this antimicrobial class or subclass. Abbreviations: ESBL, extended-spectrum β-lactamase; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial Agent Classes and Subclasses Page 2 of 5

3 Non-beta-lactams: aminocyclitols aminoglycosides ansamycins folate pathway inhibitors fosfomycins spectinomycin amikacin gentamicin kanamycin netilmicin plazomicin streptomycin tobramycin rifampin iclaprim sulfonamides trimethoprim trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole fosfomycin glycopeptides glycopeptide vancomycin lincosamides lipoglycopeptide dalbavancin oritavancin ramoplanin teicoplanin telavancin clindamycin lipopeptides macrocyclic macrolides nitrofurans nitroimidazoles oxazolidinones phenicols pseudomonic acid oxazolidinones polymyxins ketolides fluoroketolide daptomycin surotomycin colistin polymyxin B fidaxomycin azithromycin clarithromycin dirithromycin erythromycin telithromycin solithromycin nitrofurantoin metronidazole tinidazole linezolid tedizolid chloramphenicol mupirocin linezolid tedizolid Antimicrobial Agent Classes and Subclasses Page 3 of 5

4 Non-beta-lactams (continued): phenicols pseudomonic acid chloramphenicol mupirocin quinolones quinolone cinoxacin garenoxacin nalidixic acid fluoroquinolone steroidal fusidanes Fusidic acid besifloxacin ciprofloxacin clinafloxacin enoxacin finafloxacin fleroxacin gatifloxacin gemifloxacin grepafloxacin levofloxacin lomefloxacin moxifloxacin norfloxacin ofloxacin sparfloxacin trovafloxacin urifloxacin (purlifloxacin) streptogramins tetracyclines thiazolide glycyclines aminomethylcycline linopristin-flopristin quinupristin-dalfopristin doxycycline ervacycline minocycline tetracycline tigecycline omadacycline nitazoxanide tizoxanide REFERENCES Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Informational Supplement, M Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI - formerly NCCLS), Wayne, PA. For more information, please consult the most current CLSI document rk Antimicrobial Agent Classes and Subclasses Page 4 of 5

5 HARDY DIAGNOSTICS 1430 West McCoy Lane, Santa Maria, CA 93455, USA Phone: (805) ext Fax: (805) Website: Distribution Centers: California Washington Utah Arizona Texas Ohio The Hardy Diagnostics manufacturing facility and quality management system is certified to ISO Copyright by Hardy Diagnostics. All rights reserved. Antimicrobial Agent Classes and Subclasses Page 5 of 5