European Treaty Series - No. 185 CONVENTION ON CYBERCRIME

Transcription

1 Europen Trety Series - No. 185 CONVENTION ON CYBERCRIME Budpest, 23.XI.2001

2 2 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 Premle The memer Sttes of the Counil of Europe nd the other Sttes signtory hereto, Considering tht the im of the Counil of Europe is to hieve greter unity etween its memers; Reognising the vlue of fostering o-opertion with the other Sttes prties to this Convention; Convined of the need to pursue, s mtter of priority, ommon riminl poliy imed t the protetion of soiety ginst yerrime, inter li, y dopting pproprite legisltion nd fostering interntionl o-opertion; Consious of the profound hnges rought out y the digitlistion, onvergene nd ontinuing glolistion of omputer networks; Conerned y the risk tht omputer networks nd eletroni informtion my lso e used for ommitting riminl offenes nd tht evidene relting to suh offenes my e stored nd trnsferred y these networks; Reognising the need for o-opertion etween Sttes nd privte industry in omting yerrime nd the need to protet legitimte interests in the use nd development of informtion tehnologies; Believing tht n effetive fight ginst yerrime requires inresed, rpid nd wellfuntioning interntionl o-opertion in riminl mtters; Convined tht the present Convention is neessry to deter tion direted ginst the onfidentility, integrity nd vilility of omputer systems, networks nd omputer dt s well s the misuse of suh systems, networks nd dt y providing for the riminlistion of suh ondut, s desried in this Convention, nd the doption of powers suffiient for effetively omting suh riminl offenes, y filitting their detetion, investigtion nd proseution t oth the domesti nd interntionl levels nd y providing rrngements for fst nd relile interntionl o-opertion; Mindful of the need to ensure proper lne etween the interests of lw enforement nd respet for fundmentl humn rights s enshrined in the 1950 Counil of Europe Convention for the Protetion of Humn Rights nd Fundmentl Freedoms, the 1966 United Ntions Interntionl Covennt on Civil nd Politil Rights nd other pplile interntionl humn rights treties, whih reffirm the right of everyone to hold opinions without interferene, s well s the right to freedom of expression, inluding the freedom to seek, reeive, nd imprt informtion nd ides of ll kinds, regrdless of frontiers, nd the rights onerning the respet for privy; Mindful lso of the right to the protetion of personl dt, s onferred, for exmple, y the 1981 Counil of Europe Convention for the Protetion of Individuls with regrd to Automti Proessing of Personl Dt;

3 3 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 Considering the 1989 United Ntions Convention on the Rights of the Child nd the 1999 Interntionl Lour Orgniztion Worst Forms of Child Lour Convention; Tking into ount the existing Counil of Europe onventions on o-opertion in the penl field, s well s similr treties whih exist etween Counil of Europe memer Sttes nd other Sttes, nd stressing tht the present Convention is intended to supplement those onventions in order to mke riminl investigtions nd proeedings onerning riminl offenes relted to omputer systems nd dt more effetive nd to enle the olletion of evidene in eletroni form of riminl offene; Weloming reent developments whih further dvne interntionl understnding nd o-opertion in omting yerrime, inluding tion tken y the United Ntions, the OECD, the Europen Union nd the G8; Relling Committee of Ministers Reommendtions No. R (85) 10 onerning the prtil pplition of the Europen Convention on Mutul Assistne in Criminl Mtters in respet of letters rogtory for the intereption of teleommunitions, No. R (88) 2 on piry in the field of opyright nd neighouring rights, No. R (87) 15 regulting the use of personl dt in the polie setor, No. R (95) 4 on the protetion of personl dt in the re of teleommunition servies, with prtiulr referene to telephone servies, s well s No. R (89) 9 on omputer-relted rime providing guidelines for ntionl legisltures onerning the definition of ertin omputer rimes nd No. R (95) 13 onerning prolems of riminl proedurl lw onneted with informtion tehnology; Hving regrd to Resolution No. 1 dopted y the Europen Ministers of Justie t their 21st Conferene (Prgue, 10 nd 11 June 1997), whih reommended tht the Committee of Ministers support the work on yerrime rried out y the Europen Committee on Crime Prolems (CDPC) in order to ring domesti riminl lw provisions loser to eh other nd enle the use of effetive mens of investigtion into suh offenes, s well s to Resolution No. 3 dopted t the 23rd Conferene of the Europen Ministers of Justie (London, 8 nd 9 June 2000), whih enourged the negotiting prties to pursue their efforts with view to finding pproprite solutions to enle the lrgest possile numer of Sttes to eome prties to the Convention nd knowledged the need for swift nd effiient system of interntionl o-opertion, whih duly tkes into ount the speifi requirements of the fight ginst yerrime; Hving lso regrd to the Ation Pln dopted y the Heds of Stte nd Government of the Counil of Europe on the osion of their Seond Summit (Strsourg, 10 nd 11 Otoer 1997), to seek ommon responses to the development of the new informtion tehnologies sed on the stndrds nd vlues of the Counil of Europe; Hve greed s follows:

4 4 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 Chpter I Use of terms Artile 1 Definitions For the purposes of this Convention: "omputer system" mens ny devie or group of interonneted or relted devies, one or more of whih, pursunt to progrm, performs utomti proessing of dt; omputer dt mens ny representtion of fts, informtion or onepts in form suitle for proessing in omputer system, inluding progrm suitle to use omputer system to perform funtion; servie provider mens: i ii ny puli or privte entity tht provides to users of its servie the ility to ommunite y mens of omputer system, nd ny other entity tht proesses or stores omputer dt on ehlf of suh ommunition servie or users of suh servie; d trffi dt mens ny omputer dt relting to ommunition y mens of omputer system, generted y omputer system tht formed prt in the hin of ommunition, inditing the ommunition s origin, destintion, route, time, dte, size, durtion, or type of underlying servie. Chpter II Mesures to e tken t the ntionl level Setion 1 Sustntive riminl lw Title 1 Offenes ginst the onfidentility, integrity nd vilility of omputer dt nd systems Artile 2 Illegl ess Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw, when ommitted intentionlly, the ess to the whole or ny prt of omputer system without right. A Prty my require tht the offene e ommitted y infringing seurity mesures, with the intent of otining omputer dt or other dishonest intent, or in reltion to omputer system tht is onneted to nother omputer system. Artile 3 Illegl intereption Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw, when ommitted intentionlly, the intereption without right, mde y tehnil mens, of non-puli trnsmissions of omputer dt to, from or within omputer system, inluding eletromgneti emissions from omputer system rrying suh omputer dt. A Prty my require tht the offene e ommitted with dishonest intent, or in reltion to omputer system tht is onneted to nother omputer system.

5 5 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 Artile 4 Dt interferene 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw, when ommitted intentionlly, the dmging, deletion, deteriortion, ltertion or suppression of omputer dt without right. 2 A Prty my reserve the right to require tht the ondut desried in prgrph 1 result in serious hrm. Artile 5 System interferene Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw, when ommitted intentionlly, the serious hindering without right of the funtioning of omputer system y inputting, trnsmitting, dmging, deleting, deteriorting, ltering or suppressing omputer dt. Artile 6 Misuse of devies 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw, when ommitted intentionlly nd without right: the prodution, sle, prourement for use, import, distriution or otherwise mking ville of: i ii devie, inluding omputer progrm, designed or dpted primrily for the purpose of ommitting ny of the offenes estlished in ordne with the ove Artiles 2 through 5; omputer pssword, ess ode, or similr dt y whih the whole or ny prt of omputer system is ple of eing essed, with intent tht it e used for the purpose of ommitting ny of the offenes estlished in Artiles 2 through 5; nd the possession of n item referred to in prgrphs.i or ii ove, with intent tht it e used for the purpose of ommitting ny of the offenes estlished in Artiles 2 through 5. A Prty my require y lw tht numer of suh items e possessed efore riminl liility tthes. 2 This rtile shll not e interpreted s imposing riminl liility where the prodution, sle, prourement for use, import, distriution or otherwise mking ville or possession referred to in prgrph 1 of this rtile is not for the purpose of ommitting n offene estlished in ordne with Artiles 2 through 5 of this Convention, suh s for the uthorised testing or protetion of omputer system. 3 Eh Prty my reserve the right not to pply prgrph 1 of this rtile, provided tht the reservtion does not onern the sle, distriution or otherwise mking ville of the items referred to in prgrph 1.ii of this rtile.

6 6 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 Title 2 Computer-relted offenes Artile 7 Computer-relted forgery Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw, when ommitted intentionlly nd without right, the input, ltertion, deletion, or suppression of omputer dt, resulting in inuthenti dt with the intent tht it e onsidered or ted upon for legl purposes s if it were uthenti, regrdless whether or not the dt is diretly redle nd intelligile. A Prty my require n intent to defrud, or similr dishonest intent, efore riminl liility tthes. Artile 8 Computer-relted frud Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw, when ommitted intentionlly nd without right, the using of loss of property to nother person y: ny input, ltertion, deletion or suppression of omputer dt; ny interferene with the funtioning of omputer system, with frudulent or dishonest intent of prouring, without right, n eonomi enefit for oneself or for nother person. Title 3 Content-relted offenes Artile 9 Offenes relted to hild pornogrphy 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw, when ommitted intentionlly nd without right, the following ondut: d e produing hild pornogrphy for the purpose of its distriution through omputer system; offering or mking ville hild pornogrphy through omputer system; distriuting or trnsmitting hild pornogrphy through omputer system; prouring hild pornogrphy through omputer system for oneself or for nother person; possessing hild pornogrphy in omputer system or on omputer-dt storge medium. 2 For the purpose of prgrph 1 ove, the term hild pornogrphy shll inlude pornogrphi mteril tht visully depits: minor engged in sexully expliit ondut; person ppering to e minor engged in sexully expliit ondut;

7 7 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 relisti imges representing minor engged in sexully expliit ondut. 3 For the purpose of prgrph 2 ove, the term minor shll inlude ll persons under 18 yers of ge. A Prty my, however, require lower ge-limit, whih shll e not less thn 16 yers. 4 Eh Prty my reserve the right not to pply, in whole or in prt, prgrphs 1, suprgrphs d. nd e, nd 2, su-prgrphs. nd. Title 4 Offenes relted to infringements of opyright nd relted rights Artile 10 Offenes relted to infringements of opyright nd relted rights 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw the infringement of opyright, s defined under the lw of tht Prty, pursunt to the oligtions it hs undertken under the Pris At of 24 July 1971 revising the Bern Convention for the Protetion of Literry nd Artisti Works, the Agreement on Trde-Relted Aspets of Intelletul Property Rights nd the WIPO Copyright Trety, with the exeption of ny morl rights onferred y suh onventions, where suh ts re ommitted wilfully, on ommeril sle nd y mens of omputer system. 2 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw the infringement of relted rights, s defined under the lw of tht Prty, pursunt to the oligtions it hs undertken under the Interntionl Convention for the Protetion of Performers, Produers of Phonogrms nd Brodsting Orgnistions (Rome Convention), the Agreement on Trde-Relted Aspets of Intelletul Property Rights nd the WIPO Performnes nd Phonogrms Trety, with the exeption of ny morl rights onferred y suh onventions, where suh ts re ommitted wilfully, on ommeril sle nd y mens of omputer system. 3 A Prty my reserve the right not to impose riminl liility under prgrphs 1 nd 2 of this rtile in limited irumstnes, provided tht other effetive remedies re ville nd tht suh reservtion does not derogte from the Prty s interntionl oligtions set forth in the interntionl instruments referred to in prgrphs 1 nd 2 of this rtile. Title 5 Anillry liility nd sntions Artile 11 Attempt nd iding or etting 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw, when ommitted intentionlly, iding or etting the ommission of ny of the offenes estlished in ordne with Artiles 2 through 10 of the present Convention with intent tht suh offene e ommitted. 2 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish s riminl offenes under its domesti lw, when ommitted intentionlly, n ttempt to ommit ny of the offenes estlished in ordne with Artiles 3 through 5, 7, 8, nd 9.1. nd. of this Convention.

8 8 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI Eh Prty my reserve the right not to pply, in whole or in prt, prgrph 2 of this rtile. Artile 12 Corporte liility 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to ensure tht legl persons n e held lile for riminl offene estlished in ordne with this Convention, ommitted for their enefit y ny nturl person, ting either individully or s prt of n orgn of the legl person, who hs leding position within it, sed on: power of representtion of the legl person; n uthority to tke deisions on ehlf of the legl person; n uthority to exerise ontrol within the legl person. 2 In ddition to the ses lredy provided for in prgrph 1 of this rtile, eh Prty shll tke the mesures neessry to ensure tht legl person n e held lile where the lk of supervision or ontrol y nturl person referred to in prgrph 1 hs mde possile the ommission of riminl offene estlished in ordne with this Convention for the enefit of tht legl person y nturl person ting under its uthority. 3 Sujet to the legl priniples of the Prty, the liility of legl person my e riminl, ivil or dministrtive. 4 Suh liility shll e without prejudie to the riminl liility of the nturl persons who hve ommitted the offene. Artile 13 Sntions nd mesures 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to ensure tht the riminl offenes estlished in ordne with Artiles 2 through 11 re punishle y effetive, proportionte nd dissusive sntions, whih inlude deprivtion of lierty. 2 Eh Prty shll ensure tht legl persons held lile in ordne with Artile 12 shll e sujet to effetive, proportionte nd dissusive riminl or non-riminl sntions or mesures, inluding monetry sntions. Setion 2 Proedurl lw Title 1 Common provisions Artile 14 Sope of proedurl provisions 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish the powers nd proedures provided for in this setion for the purpose of speifi riminl investigtions or proeedings. 2 Exept s speifilly provided otherwise in Artile 21, eh Prty shll pply the powers nd proedures referred to in prgrph 1 of this rtile to:

9 9 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 the riminl offenes estlished in ordne with Artiles 2 through 11 of this Convention; other riminl offenes ommitted y mens of omputer system; nd the olletion of evidene in eletroni form of riminl offene. 3 Eh Prty my reserve the right to pply the mesures referred to in Artile 20 only to offenes or tegories of offenes speified in the reservtion, provided tht the rnge of suh offenes or tegories of offenes is not more restrited thn the rnge of offenes to whih it pplies the mesures referred to in Artile 21. Eh Prty shll onsider restriting suh reservtion to enle the rodest pplition of the mesure referred to in Artile 20. Where Prty, due to limittions in its legisltion in fore t the time of the doption of the present Convention, is not le to pply the mesures referred to in Artiles 20 nd 21 to ommunitions eing trnsmitted within omputer system of servie provider, whih system: i ii is eing operted for the enefit of losed group of users, nd does not employ puli ommunitions networks nd is not onneted with nother omputer system, whether puli or privte, tht Prty my reserve the right not to pply these mesures to suh ommunitions. Eh Prty shll onsider restriting suh reservtion to enle the rodest pplition of the mesures referred to in Artiles 20 nd 21. Artile 15 Conditions nd sfegurds 1 Eh Prty shll ensure tht the estlishment, implementtion nd pplition of the powers nd proedures provided for in this Setion re sujet to onditions nd sfegurds provided for under its domesti lw, whih shll provide for the dequte protetion of humn rights nd lierties, inluding rights rising pursunt to oligtions it hs undertken under the 1950 Counil of Europe Convention for the Protetion of Humn Rights nd Fundmentl Freedoms, the 1966 United Ntions Interntionl Covennt on Civil nd Politil Rights, nd other pplile interntionl humn rights instruments, nd whih shll inorporte the priniple of proportionlity. 2 Suh onditions nd sfegurds shll, s pproprite in view of the nture of the proedure or power onerned, inter li, inlude judiil or other independent supervision, grounds justifying pplition, nd limittion of the sope nd the durtion of suh power or proedure. 3 To the extent tht it is onsistent with the puli interest, in prtiulr the sound dministrtion of justie, eh Prty shll onsider the impt of the powers nd proedures in this setion upon the rights, responsiilities nd legitimte interests of third prties.

10 10 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 Title 2 Expedited preservtion of stored omputer dt Artile 16 Expedited preservtion of stored omputer dt 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to enle its ompetent uthorities to order or similrly otin the expeditious preservtion of speified omputer dt, inluding trffi dt, tht hs een stored y mens of omputer system, in prtiulr where there re grounds to elieve tht the omputer dt is prtiulrly vulnerle to loss or modifition. 2 Where Prty gives effet to prgrph 1 ove y mens of n order to person to preserve speified stored omputer dt in the person s possession or ontrol, the Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to olige tht person to preserve nd mintin the integrity of tht omputer dt for period of time s long s neessry, up to mximum of ninety dys, to enle the ompetent uthorities to seek its dislosure. A Prty my provide for suh n order to e susequently renewed. 3 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to olige the ustodin or other person who is to preserve the omputer dt to keep onfidentil the undertking of suh proedures for the period of time provided for y its domesti lw. 4 The powers nd proedures referred to in this rtile shll e sujet to Artiles 14 nd 15. Artile 17 Expedited preservtion nd prtil dislosure of trffi dt 1 Eh Prty shll dopt, in respet of trffi dt tht is to e preserved under Artile 16, suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to: ensure tht suh expeditious preservtion of trffi dt is ville regrdless of whether one or more servie providers were involved in the trnsmission of tht ommunition; nd ensure the expeditious dislosure to the Prty s ompetent uthority, or person designted y tht uthority, of suffiient mount of trffi dt to enle the Prty to identify the servie providers nd the pth through whih the ommunition ws trnsmitted. 2 The powers nd proedures referred to in this rtile shll e sujet to Artiles 14 nd 15. Artile 18 Prodution order Title 3 Prodution order 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to empower its ompetent uthorities to order: person in its territory to sumit speified omputer dt in tht person s possession or ontrol, whih is stored in omputer system or omputer-dt storge medium; nd

11 11 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 servie provider offering its servies in the territory of the Prty to sumit susrier informtion relting to suh servies in tht servie provider s possession or ontrol. 2 The powers nd proedures referred to in this rtile shll e sujet to Artiles 14 nd For the purpose of this rtile, the term susrier informtion mens ny informtion ontined in the form of omputer dt or ny other form tht is held y servie provider, relting to susriers of its servies other thn trffi or ontent dt nd y whih n e estlished: the type of ommunition servie used, the tehnil provisions tken thereto nd the period of servie; the susrier s identity, postl or geogrphi ddress, telephone nd other ess numer, illing nd pyment informtion, ville on the sis of the servie greement or rrngement; ny other informtion on the site of the instlltion of ommunition equipment, ville on the sis of the servie greement or rrngement. Title 4 Serh nd seizure of stored omputer dt Artile 19 Serh nd seizure of stored omputer dt 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to empower its ompetent uthorities to serh or similrly ess: omputer system or prt of it nd omputer dt stored therein; nd omputer-dt storge medium in whih omputer dt my e stored in its territory. 2 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to ensure tht where its uthorities serh or similrly ess speifi omputer system or prt of it, pursunt to prgrph 1., nd hve grounds to elieve tht the dt sought is stored in nother omputer system or prt of it in its territory, nd suh dt is lwfully essile from or ville to the initil system, the uthorities shll e le to expeditiously extend the serh or similr essing to the other system. 3 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to empower its ompetent uthorities to seize or similrly seure omputer dt essed ording to prgrphs 1 or 2. These mesures shll inlude the power to: seize or similrly seure omputer system or prt of it or omputer-dt storge medium; mke nd retin opy of those omputer dt;

12 12 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 d mintin the integrity of the relevnt stored omputer dt; render inessile or remove those omputer dt in the essed omputer system. 4 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to empower its ompetent uthorities to order ny person who hs knowledge out the funtioning of the omputer system or mesures pplied to protet the omputer dt therein to provide, s is resonle, the neessry informtion, to enle the undertking of the mesures referred to in prgrphs 1 nd 2. 5 The powers nd proedures referred to in this rtile shll e sujet to Artiles 14 nd 15. Title 5 Rel-time olletion of omputer dt Artile 20 Rel-time olletion of trffi dt 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to empower its ompetent uthorities to: ollet or reord through the pplition of tehnil mens on the territory of tht Prty, nd ompel servie provider, within its existing tehnil pility: i ii to ollet or reord through the pplition of tehnil mens on the territory of tht Prty; or to o-operte nd ssist the ompetent uthorities in the olletion or reording of, trffi dt, in rel-time, ssoited with speified ommunitions in its territory trnsmitted y mens of omputer system. 2 Where Prty, due to the estlished priniples of its domesti legl system, nnot dopt the mesures referred to in prgrph 1., it my insted dopt legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to ensure the rel-time olletion or reording of trffi dt ssoited with speified ommunitions trnsmitted in its territory, through the pplition of tehnil mens on tht territory. 3 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to olige servie provider to keep onfidentil the ft of the exeution of ny power provided for in this rtile nd ny informtion relting to it. 4 The powers nd proedures referred to in this rtile shll e sujet to Artiles 14 nd 15. Artile 21 Intereption of ontent dt 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry, in reltion to rnge of serious offenes to e determined y domesti lw, to empower its ompetent uthorities to:

13 13 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 ollet or reord through the pplition of tehnil mens on the territory of tht Prty, nd ompel servie provider, within its existing tehnil pility: i ii to ollet or reord through the pplition of tehnil mens on the territory of tht Prty, or to o-operte nd ssist the ompetent uthorities in the olletion or reording of, ontent dt, in rel-time, of speified ommunitions in its territory trnsmitted y mens of omputer system. 2 Where Prty, due to the estlished priniples of its domesti legl system, nnot dopt the mesures referred to in prgrph 1., it my insted dopt legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to ensure the rel-time olletion or reording of ontent dt on speified ommunitions in its territory through the pplition of tehnil mens on tht territory. 3 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to olige servie provider to keep onfidentil the ft of the exeution of ny power provided for in this rtile nd ny informtion relting to it. 4 The powers nd proedures referred to in this rtile shll e sujet to Artiles 14 nd 15. Setion 3 Jurisdition Artile 22 Jurisdition 1 Eh Prty shll dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to estlish jurisdition over ny offene estlished in ordne with Artiles 2 through 11 of this Convention, when the offene is ommitted: d in its territory; or on ord ship flying the flg of tht Prty; or on ord n irrft registered under the lws of tht Prty; or y one of its ntionls, if the offene is punishle under riminl lw where it ws ommitted or if the offene is ommitted outside the territoril jurisdition of ny Stte. 2 Eh Prty my reserve the right not to pply or to pply only in speifi ses or onditions the jurisdition rules lid down in prgrphs 1. through 1.d of this rtile or ny prt thereof. 3 Eh Prty shll dopt suh mesures s my e neessry to estlish jurisdition over the offenes referred to in Artile 24, prgrph 1, of this Convention, in ses where n lleged offender is present in its territory nd it does not extrdite him or her to nother Prty, solely on the sis of his or her ntionlity, fter request for extrdition.

14 14 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI This Convention does not exlude ny riminl jurisdition exerised y Prty in ordne with its domesti lw. 5 When more thn one Prty lims jurisdition over n lleged offene estlished in ordne with this Convention, the Prties involved shll, where pproprite, onsult with view to determining the most pproprite jurisdition for proseution. Chpter III Interntionl o-opertion Setion 1 Generl priniples Title 1 Generl priniples relting to interntionl o-opertion Artile 23 Generl priniples relting to interntionl o-opertion The Prties shll o-operte with eh other, in ordne with the provisions of this hpter, nd through the pplition of relevnt interntionl instruments on interntionl o-opertion in riminl mtters, rrngements greed on the sis of uniform or reiprol legisltion, nd domesti lws, to the widest extent possile for the purposes of investigtions or proeedings onerning riminl offenes relted to omputer systems nd dt, or for the olletion of evidene in eletroni form of riminl offene. Artile 24 Extrdition Title 2 Priniples relting to extrdition 1 This rtile pplies to extrdition etween Prties for the riminl offenes estlished in ordne with Artiles 2 through 11 of this Convention, provided tht they re punishle under the lws of oth Prties onerned y deprivtion of lierty for mximum period of t lest one yer, or y more severe penlty. Where different minimum penlty is to e pplied under n rrngement greed on the sis of uniform or reiprol legisltion or n extrdition trety, inluding the Europen Convention on Extrdition (ETS No. 24), pplile etween two or more prties, the minimum penlty provided for under suh rrngement or trety shll pply. 2 The riminl offenes desried in prgrph 1 of this rtile shll e deemed to e inluded s extrditle offenes in ny extrdition trety existing etween or mong the Prties. The Prties undertke to inlude suh offenes s extrditle offenes in ny extrdition trety to e onluded etween or mong them. 3 If Prty tht mkes extrdition onditionl on the existene of trety reeives request for extrdition from nother Prty with whih it does not hve n extrdition trety, it my onsider this Convention s the legl sis for extrdition with respet to ny riminl offene referred to in prgrph 1 of this rtile. 4 Prties tht do not mke extrdition onditionl on the existene of trety shll reognise the riminl offenes referred to in prgrph 1 of this rtile s extrditle offenes etween themselves.

15 15 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI Extrdition shll e sujet to the onditions provided for y the lw of the requested Prty or y pplile extrdition treties, inluding the grounds on whih the requested Prty my refuse extrdition. 6 If extrdition for riminl offene referred to in prgrph 1 of this rtile is refused solely on the sis of the ntionlity of the person sought, or euse the requested Prty deems tht it hs jurisdition over the offene, the requested Prty shll sumit the se t the request of the requesting Prty to its ompetent uthorities for the purpose of proseution nd shll report the finl outome to the requesting Prty in due ourse. Those uthorities shll tke their deision nd ondut their investigtions nd proeedings in the sme mnner s for ny other offene of omprle nture under the lw of tht Prty. 7 Eh Prty shll, t the time of signture or when depositing its instrument of rtifition, eptne, pprovl or ession, ommunite to the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe the nme nd ddress of eh uthority responsile for mking or reeiving requests for extrdition or provisionl rrest in the sene of trety. The Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe shll set up nd keep updted register of uthorities so designted y the Prties. Eh Prty shll ensure tht the detils held on the register re orret t ll times. Title 3 Generl priniples relting to mutul ssistne Artile 25 Generl priniples relting to mutul ssistne 1 The Prties shll fford one nother mutul ssistne to the widest extent possile for the purpose of investigtions or proeedings onerning riminl offenes relted to omputer systems nd dt, or for the olletion of evidene in eletroni form of riminl offene. 2 Eh Prty shll lso dopt suh legisltive nd other mesures s my e neessry to rry out the oligtions set forth in Artiles 27 through Eh Prty my, in urgent irumstnes, mke requests for mutul ssistne or ommunitions relted thereto y expedited mens of ommunition, inluding fx or e-mil, to the extent tht suh mens provide pproprite levels of seurity nd uthentition (inluding the use of enryption, where neessry), with forml onfirmtion to follow, where required y the requested Prty. The requested Prty shll ept nd respond to the request y ny suh expedited mens of ommunition. 4 Exept s otherwise speifilly provided in rtiles in this hpter, mutul ssistne shll e sujet to the onditions provided for y the lw of the requested Prty or y pplile mutul ssistne treties, inluding the grounds on whih the requested Prty my refuse o-opertion. The requested Prty shll not exerise the right to refuse mutul ssistne in reltion to the offenes referred to in Artiles 2 through 11 solely on the ground tht the request onerns n offene whih it onsiders fisl offene. 5 Where, in ordne with the provisions of this hpter, the requested Prty is permitted to mke mutul ssistne onditionl upon the existene of dul riminlity, tht ondition shll e deemed fulfilled, irrespetive of whether its lws ple the offene within the sme tegory of offene or denominte the offene y the sme terminology s the requesting Prty, if the ondut underlying the offene for whih ssistne is sought is riminl offene under its lws.

16 16 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 Artile 26 Spontneous informtion 1 A Prty my, within the limits of its domesti lw nd without prior request, forwrd to nother Prty informtion otined within the frmework of its own investigtions when it onsiders tht the dislosure of suh informtion might ssist the reeiving Prty in inititing or rrying out investigtions or proeedings onerning riminl offenes estlished in ordne with this Convention or might led to request for oopertion y tht Prty under this hpter. 2 Prior to providing suh informtion, the providing Prty my request tht it e kept onfidentil or only used sujet to onditions. If the reeiving Prty nnot omply with suh request, it shll notify the providing Prty, whih shll then determine whether the informtion should nevertheless e provided. If the reeiving Prty epts the informtion sujet to the onditions, it shll e ound y them. Title 4 Proedures pertining to mutul ssistne requests in the sene of pplile interntionl greements Artile 27 Proedures pertining to mutul ssistne requests in the sene of pplile interntionl greements 1 Where there is no mutul ssistne trety or rrngement on the sis of uniform or reiprol legisltion in fore etween the requesting nd requested Prties, the provisions of prgrphs 2 through 9 of this rtile shll pply. The provisions of this rtile shll not pply where suh trety, rrngement or legisltion exists, unless the Prties onerned gree to pply ny or ll of the reminder of this rtile in lieu thereof. 2 Eh Prty shll designte entrl uthority or uthorities responsile for sending nd nswering requests for mutul ssistne, the exeution of suh requests or their trnsmission to the uthorities ompetent for their exeution. d The entrl uthorities shll ommunite diretly with eh other; Eh Prty shll, t the time of signture or when depositing its instrument of rtifition, eptne, pprovl or ession, ommunite to the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe the nmes nd ddresses of the uthorities designted in pursune of this prgrph; The Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe shll set up nd keep updted register of entrl uthorities designted y the Prties. Eh Prty shll ensure tht the detils held on the register re orret t ll times. 3 Mutul ssistne requests under this rtile shll e exeuted in ordne with the proedures speified y the requesting Prty, exept where inomptile with the lw of the requested Prty. 4 The requested Prty my, in ddition to the grounds for refusl estlished in Artile 25, prgrph 4, refuse ssistne if: the request onerns n offene whih the requested Prty onsiders politil offene or n offene onneted with politil offene, or

17 17 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 it onsiders tht exeution of the request is likely to prejudie its sovereignty, seurity, ordre puli or other essentil interests. 5 The requested Prty my postpone tion on request if suh tion would prejudie riminl investigtions or proeedings onduted y its uthorities. 6 Before refusing or postponing ssistne, the requested Prty shll, where pproprite fter hving onsulted with the requesting Prty, onsider whether the request my e grnted prtilly or sujet to suh onditions s it deems neessry. 7 The requested Prty shll promptly inform the requesting Prty of the outome of the exeution of request for ssistne. Resons shll e given for ny refusl or postponement of the request. The requested Prty shll lso inform the requesting Prty of ny resons tht render impossile the exeution of the request or re likely to dely it signifintly. 8 The requesting Prty my request tht the requested Prty keep onfidentil the ft of ny request mde under this hpter s well s its sujet, exept to the extent neessry for its exeution. If the requested Prty nnot omply with the request for onfidentility, it shll promptly inform the requesting Prty, whih shll then determine whether the request should nevertheless e exeuted. 9 In the event of urgeny, requests for mutul ssistne or ommunitions relted thereto my e sent diretly y judiil uthorities of the requesting Prty to suh uthorities of the requested Prty. In ny suh ses, opy shll e sent t the sme time to the entrl uthority of the requested Prty through the entrl uthority of the requesting Prty. d e Any request or ommunition under this prgrph my e mde through the Interntionl Criminl Polie Orgnistion (Interpol). Where request is mde pursunt to su-prgrph. of this rtile nd the uthority is not ompetent to del with the request, it shll refer the request to the ompetent ntionl uthority nd inform diretly the requesting Prty tht it hs done so. Requests or ommunitions mde under this prgrph tht do not involve oerive tion my e diretly trnsmitted y the ompetent uthorities of the requesting Prty to the ompetent uthorities of the requested Prty. Eh Prty my, t the time of signture or when depositing its instrument of rtifition, eptne, pprovl or ession, inform the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe tht, for resons of effiieny, requests mde under this prgrph re to e ddressed to its entrl uthority. Artile 28 Confidentility nd limittion on use 1 When there is no mutul ssistne trety or rrngement on the sis of uniform or reiprol legisltion in fore etween the requesting nd the requested Prties, the provisions of this rtile shll pply. The provisions of this rtile shll not pply where suh trety, rrngement or legisltion exists, unless the Prties onerned gree to pply ny or ll of the reminder of this rtile in lieu thereof. 2 The requested Prty my mke the supply of informtion or mteril in response to request dependent on the ondition tht it is:

18 18 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 kept onfidentil where the request for mutul legl ssistne ould not e omplied with in the sene of suh ondition, or not used for investigtions or proeedings other thn those stted in the request. 3 If the requesting Prty nnot omply with ondition referred to in prgrph 2, it shll promptly inform the other Prty, whih shll then determine whether the informtion should nevertheless e provided. When the requesting Prty epts the ondition, it shll e ound y it. 4 Any Prty tht supplies informtion or mteril sujet to ondition referred to in prgrph 2 my require the other Prty to explin, in reltion to tht ondition, the use mde of suh informtion or mteril. Setion 2 Speifi provisions Title 1 Mutul ssistne regrding provisionl mesures Artile 29 Expedited preservtion of stored omputer dt 1 A Prty my request nother Prty to order or otherwise otin the expeditious preservtion of dt stored y mens of omputer system, loted within the territory of tht other Prty nd in respet of whih the requesting Prty intends to sumit request for mutul ssistne for the serh or similr ess, seizure or similr seuring, or dislosure of the dt. 2 A request for preservtion mde under prgrph 1 shll speify: d e f the uthority seeking the preservtion; the offene tht is the sujet of riminl investigtion or proeedings nd rief summry of the relted fts; the stored omputer dt to e preserved nd its reltionship to the offene; ny ville informtion identifying the ustodin of the stored omputer dt or the lotion of the omputer system; the neessity of the preservtion; nd tht the Prty intends to sumit request for mutul ssistne for the serh or similr ess, seizure or similr seuring, or dislosure of the stored omputer dt. 3 Upon reeiving the request from nother Prty, the requested Prty shll tke ll pproprite mesures to preserve expeditiously the speified dt in ordne with its domesti lw. For the purposes of responding to request, dul riminlity shll not e required s ondition to providing suh preservtion.

19 19 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI A Prty tht requires dul riminlity s ondition for responding to request for mutul ssistne for the serh or similr ess, seizure or similr seuring, or dislosure of stored dt my, in respet of offenes other thn those estlished in ordne with Artiles 2 through 11 of this Convention, reserve the right to refuse the request for preservtion under this rtile in ses where it hs resons to elieve tht t the time of dislosure the ondition of dul riminlity nnot e fulfilled. 5 In ddition, request for preservtion my only e refused if: the request onerns n offene whih the requested Prty onsiders politil offene or n offene onneted with politil offene, or the requested Prty onsiders tht exeution of the request is likely to prejudie its sovereignty, seurity, ordre puli or other essentil interests. 6 Where the requested Prty elieves tht preservtion will not ensure the future vilility of the dt or will threten the onfidentility of or otherwise prejudie the requesting Prty s investigtion, it shll promptly so inform the requesting Prty, whih shll then determine whether the request should nevertheless e exeuted. 7 Any preservtion effeted in response to the request referred to in prgrph 1 shll e for period not less thn sixty dys, in order to enle the requesting Prty to sumit request for the serh or similr ess, seizure or similr seuring, or dislosure of the dt. Following the reeipt of suh request, the dt shll ontinue to e preserved pending deision on tht request. Artile 30 Expedited dislosure of preserved trffi dt 1 Where, in the ourse of the exeution of request mde pursunt to Artile 29 to preserve trffi dt onerning speifi ommunition, the requested Prty disovers tht servie provider in nother Stte ws involved in the trnsmission of the ommunition, the requested Prty shll expeditiously dislose to the requesting Prty suffiient mount of trffi dt to identify tht servie provider nd the pth through whih the ommunition ws trnsmitted. 2 Dislosure of trffi dt under prgrph 1 my only e withheld if: the request onerns n offene whih the requested Prty onsiders politil offene or n offene onneted with politil offene; or the requested Prty onsiders tht exeution of the request is likely to prejudie its sovereignty, seurity, ordre puli or other essentil interests. Title 2 Mutul ssistne regrding investigtive powers Artile 31 Mutul ssistne regrding essing of stored omputer dt 1 A Prty my request nother Prty to serh or similrly ess, seize or similrly seure, nd dislose dt stored y mens of omputer system loted within the territory of the requested Prty, inluding dt tht hs een preserved pursunt to Artile 29.

20 20 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI The requested Prty shll respond to the request through the pplition of interntionl instruments, rrngements nd lws referred to in Artile 23, nd in ordne with other relevnt provisions of this hpter. 3 The request shll e responded to on n expedited sis where: there re grounds to elieve tht relevnt dt is prtiulrly vulnerle to loss or modifition; or the instruments, rrngements nd lws referred to in prgrph 2 otherwise provide for expedited o-opertion. Artile 32 Trns-order ess to stored omputer dt with onsent or where pulily ville A Prty my, without the uthoristion of nother Prty: ess pulily ville (open soure) stored omputer dt, regrdless of where the dt is loted geogrphilly; or ess or reeive, through omputer system in its territory, stored omputer dt loted in nother Prty, if the Prty otins the lwful nd voluntry onsent of the person who hs the lwful uthority to dislose the dt to the Prty through tht omputer system. Artile 33 Mutul ssistne in the rel-time olletion of trffi dt 1 The Prties shll provide mutul ssistne to eh other in the rel-time olletion of trffi dt ssoited with speified ommunitions in their territory trnsmitted y mens of omputer system. Sujet to the provisions of prgrph 2, this ssistne shll e governed y the onditions nd proedures provided for under domesti lw. 2 Eh Prty shll provide suh ssistne t lest with respet to riminl offenes for whih rel-time olletion of trffi dt would e ville in similr domesti se. Artile 34 Mutul ssistne regrding the intereption of ontent dt The Prties shll provide mutul ssistne to eh other in the rel-time olletion or reording of ontent dt of speified ommunitions trnsmitted y mens of omputer system to the extent permitted under their pplile treties nd domesti lws. Artile 35 24/7 Network Title 3 24/7 Network 1 Eh Prty shll designte point of ontt ville on twenty-four hour, seven-dy-week sis, in order to ensure the provision of immedite ssistne for the purpose of investigtions or proeedings onerning riminl offenes relted to omputer systems nd dt, or for the olletion of evidene in eletroni form of riminl offene. Suh ssistne shll inlude filitting, or, if permitted y its domesti lw nd prtie, diretly rrying out the following mesures: the provision of tehnil dvie;

21 21 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 the preservtion of dt pursunt to Artiles 29 nd 30; the olletion of evidene, the provision of legl informtion, nd loting of suspets. 2 A Prty s point of ontt shll hve the pity to rry out ommunitions with the point of ontt of nother Prty on n expedited sis. If the point of ontt designted y Prty is not prt of tht Prty s uthority or uthorities responsile for interntionl mutul ssistne or extrdition, the point of ontt shll ensure tht it is le to o-ordinte with suh uthority or uthorities on n expedited sis. 3 Eh Prty shll ensure tht trined nd equipped personnel re ville, in order to filitte the opertion of the network. Chpter IV Finl provisions Artile 36 Signture nd entry into fore 1 This Convention shll e open for signture y the memer Sttes of the Counil of Europe nd y non-memer Sttes whih hve prtiipted in its elortion. 2 This Convention is sujet to rtifition, eptne or pprovl. Instruments of rtifition, eptne or pprovl shll e deposited with the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe. 3 This Convention shll enter into fore on the first dy of the month following the expirtion of period of three months fter the dte on whih five Sttes, inluding t lest three memer Sttes of the Counil of Europe, hve expressed their onsent to e ound y the Convention in ordne with the provisions of prgrphs 1 nd 2. 4 In respet of ny signtory Stte whih susequently expresses its onsent to e ound y it, the Convention shll enter into fore on the first dy of the month following the expirtion of period of three months fter the dte of the expression of its onsent to e ound y the Convention in ordne with the provisions of prgrphs 1 nd 2. Artile 37 Aession to the Convention 1 After the entry into fore of this Convention, the Committee of Ministers of the Counil of Europe, fter onsulting with nd otining the unnimous onsent of the Contrting Sttes to the Convention, my invite ny Stte whih is not memer of the Counil nd whih hs not prtiipted in its elortion to ede to this Convention. The deision shll e tken y the mjority provided for in Artile 20.d. of the Sttute of the Counil of Europe nd y the unnimous vote of the representtives of the Contrting Sttes entitled to sit on the Committee of Ministers. 2 In respet of ny Stte eding to the Convention under prgrph 1 ove, the Convention shll enter into fore on the first dy of the month following the expirtion of period of three months fter the dte of deposit of the instrument of ession with the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe.

22 22 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 Artile 38 Territoril pplition 1 Any Stte my, t the time of signture or when depositing its instrument of rtifition, eptne, pprovl or ession, speify the territory or territories to whih this Convention shll pply. 2 Any Stte my, t ny lter dte, y delrtion ddressed to the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe, extend the pplition of this Convention to ny other territory speified in the delrtion. In respet of suh territory the Convention shll enter into fore on the first dy of the month following the expirtion of period of three months fter the dte of reeipt of the delrtion y the Seretry Generl. 3 Any delrtion mde under the two preeding prgrphs my, in respet of ny territory speified in suh delrtion, e withdrwn y notifition ddressed to the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe. The withdrwl shll eome effetive on the first dy of the month following the expirtion of period of three months fter the dte of reeipt of suh notifition y the Seretry Generl. Artile 39 Effets of the Convention 1 The purpose of the present Convention is to supplement pplile multilterl or ilterl treties or rrngements s etween the Prties, inluding the provisions of: the Europen Convention on Extrdition, opened for signture in Pris, on 13 Deemer 1957 (ETS No. 24); the Europen Convention on Mutul Assistne in Criminl Mtters, opened for signture in Strsourg, on 20 April 1959 (ETS No. 30); the Additionl Protool to the Europen Convention on Mutul Assistne in Criminl Mtters, opened for signture in Strsourg, on 17 Mrh 1978 (ETS No. 99). 2 If two or more Prties hve lredy onluded n greement or trety on the mtters delt with in this Convention or hve otherwise estlished their reltions on suh mtters, or should they in future do so, they shll lso e entitled to pply tht greement or trety or to regulte those reltions ordingly. However, where Prties estlish their reltions in respet of the mtters delt with in the present Convention other thn s regulted therein, they shll do so in mnner tht is not inonsistent with the Convention s ojetives nd priniples. 3 Nothing in this Convention shll ffet other rights, restritions, oligtions nd responsiilities of Prty.

23 23 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 Artile 40 Delrtions By written notifition ddressed to the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe, ny Stte my, t the time of signture or when depositing its instrument of rtifition, eptne, pprovl or ession, delre tht it vils itself of the possiility of requiring dditionl elements s provided for under Artiles 2, 3, 6 prgrph 1., 7, 9 prgrph 3, nd 27, prgrph 9.e. Artile 41 Federl luse 1 A federl Stte my reserve the right to ssume oligtions under Chpter II of this Convention onsistent with its fundmentl priniples governing the reltionship etween its entrl government nd onstituent Sttes or other similr territoril entities provided tht it is still le to o-operte under Chpter III. 2 When mking reservtion under prgrph 1, federl Stte my not pply the terms of suh reservtion to exlude or sustntilly diminish its oligtions to provide for mesures set forth in Chpter II. Overll, it shll provide for rod nd effetive lw enforement pility with respet to those mesures. 3 With regrd to the provisions of this Convention, the pplition of whih omes under the jurisdition of onstituent Sttes or other similr territoril entities, tht re not oliged y the onstitutionl system of the federtion to tke legisltive mesures, the federl government shll inform the ompetent uthorities of suh Sttes of the sid provisions with its fvourle opinion, enourging them to tke pproprite tion to give them effet. Artile 42 Reservtions By written notifition ddressed to the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe, ny Stte my, t the time of signture or when depositing its instrument of rtifition, eptne, pprovl or ession, delre tht it vils itself of the reservtion(s) provided for in Artile 4, prgrph 2, Artile 6, prgrph 3, Artile 9, prgrph 4, Artile 10, prgrph 3, Artile 11, prgrph 3, Artile 14, prgrph 3, Artile 22, prgrph 2, Artile 29, prgrph 4, nd Artile 41, prgrph 1. No other reservtion my e mde. Artile 43 Sttus nd withdrwl of reservtions 1 A Prty tht hs mde reservtion in ordne with Artile 42 my wholly or prtilly withdrw it y mens of notifition ddressed to the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe. Suh withdrwl shll tke effet on the dte of reeipt of suh notifition y the Seretry Generl. If the notifition sttes tht the withdrwl of reservtion is to tke effet on dte speified therein, nd suh dte is lter thn the dte on whih the notifition is reeived y the Seretry Generl, the withdrwl shll tke effet on suh lter dte. 2 A Prty tht hs mde reservtion s referred to in Artile 42 shll withdrw suh reservtion, in whole or in prt, s soon s irumstnes so permit. 3 The Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe my periodilly enquire with Prties tht hve mde one or more reservtions s referred to in Artile 42 s to the prospets for withdrwing suh reservtion(s).

24 24 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI.2001 Artile 44 Amendments 1 Amendments to this Convention my e proposed y ny Prty, nd shll e ommunited y the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe to the memer Sttes of the Counil of Europe, to the non-memer Sttes whih hve prtiipted in the elortion of this Convention s well s to ny Stte whih hs eded to, or hs een invited to ede to, this Convention in ordne with the provisions of Artile Any mendment proposed y Prty shll e ommunited to the Europen Committee on Crime Prolems (CDPC), whih shll sumit to the Committee of Ministers its opinion on tht proposed mendment. 3 The Committee of Ministers shll onsider the proposed mendment nd the opinion sumitted y the CDPC nd, following onsulttion with the non-memer Sttes Prties to this Convention, my dopt the mendment. 4 The text of ny mendment dopted y the Committee of Ministers in ordne with prgrph 3 of this rtile shll e forwrded to the Prties for eptne. 5 Any mendment dopted in ordne with prgrph 3 of this rtile shll ome into fore on the thirtieth dy fter ll Prties hve informed the Seretry Generl of their eptne thereof. Artile 45 Settlement of disputes 1 The Europen Committee on Crime Prolems (CDPC) shll e kept informed regrding the interprettion nd pplition of this Convention. 2 In se of dispute etween Prties s to the interprettion or pplition of this Convention, they shll seek settlement of the dispute through negotition or ny other peeful mens of their hoie, inluding sumission of the dispute to the CDPC, to n ritrl triunl whose deisions shll e inding upon the Prties, or to the Interntionl Court of Justie, s greed upon y the Prties onerned. Artile 46 Consulttions of the Prties 1 The Prties shll, s pproprite, onsult periodilly with view to filitting: the effetive use nd implementtion of this Convention, inluding the identifition of ny prolems thereof, s well s the effets of ny delrtion or reservtion mde under this Convention; the exhnge of informtion on signifint legl, poliy or tehnologil developments pertining to yerrime nd the olletion of evidene in eletroni form; onsidertion of possile supplementtion or mendment of the Convention. 2 The Europen Committee on Crime Prolems (CDPC) shll e kept periodilly informed regrding the result of onsulttions referred to in prgrph 1.

25 25 ETS 185 Convention on Cyerrime, 23.XI The CDPC shll, s pproprite, filitte the onsulttions referred to in prgrph 1 nd tke the mesures neessry to ssist the Prties in their efforts to supplement or mend the Convention. At the ltest three yers fter the present Convention enters into fore, the Europen Committee on Crime Prolems (CDPC) shll, in o-opertion with the Prties, ondut review of ll of the Convention s provisions nd, if neessry, reommend ny pproprite mendments. 4 Exept where ssumed y the Counil of Europe, expenses inurred in rrying out the provisions of prgrph 1 shll e orne y the Prties in the mnner to e determined y them. 5 The Prties shll e ssisted y the Seretrit of the Counil of Europe in rrying out their funtions pursunt to this rtile. Artile 47 Denunition 1 Any Prty my, t ny time, denoune this Convention y mens of notifition ddressed to the Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe. 2 Suh denunition shll eome effetive on the first dy of the month following the expirtion of period of three months fter the dte of reeipt of the notifition y the Seretry Generl. Artile 48 Notifition The Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe shll notify the memer Sttes of the Counil of Europe, the non-memer Sttes whih hve prtiipted in the elortion of this Convention s well s ny Stte whih hs eded to, or hs een invited to ede to, this Convention of: ny signture; the deposit of ny instrument of rtifition, eptne, pprovl or ession; ny dte of entry into fore of this Convention in ordne with Artiles 36 nd 37; d e ny delrtion mde under Artile 40 or reservtion mde in ordne with Artile 42; ny other t, notifition or ommunition relting to this Convention. In witness whereof the undersigned, eing duly uthorised thereto, hve signed this Convention. Done t Budpest, this 23rd dy of Novemer 2001, in English nd in Frenh, oth texts eing eqully uthenti, in single opy whih shll e deposited in the rhives of the Counil of Europe. The Seretry Generl of the Counil of Europe shll trnsmit ertified opies to eh memer Stte of the Counil of Europe, to the non-memer Sttes whih hve prtiipted in the elortion of this Convention, nd to ny Stte invited to ede to it.