IBM Power Systems Technical University Athens, Greece. November Oracle on Power Power advantages and license optimization.

Transcription

1 IBM Power Systems Technical University Athens, Greece November 2013 Oracle on Power Power advantages and license optimization November Alexander Hartmann <[email protected]> 2013 IBM Corporation

2 Agenda Advantages of Power Systems Virtualization on Power Systems Description of Power processor terms Oracle Editions Standard Edition RAC Sub-capacity pricing Licensing examples Summary of Power Advantages 2

3 Advantages of Power Systems Availability Security Scalability Virtualization Efficency IBM GreenIT 3

4 Virtualization on Power Systems CPU Virtualization: Dedicated, Donating, Shared Multiple Processor Pools Group by ISV, environment, department, agency, desired functionality (licenses), etc Memory Virtualization: Dedicated or shared Active Memory Expansion Active Memory Sharing Memory Deduplication Network/SAN/Int. Disks: Dedicated or shared (using Virtual I/O Servers) Virtualization of processor cores and consolidation of workload is the basic concept for saving license costs 6 6 Audi Oracle RAC Infrastruktur M.Springer, A.Hartmann

5 Virtualization on Power Systems Power advantages Virtualization is build into the system, Hardware based virtualization Therefore there is no overhead when you consolidate several systems onto one Power server Competitors only have software based virtualization which suffer from partially extreme overhead depending on system size and load VMWare, Xen, Oracle VM (based on Xen) are software based Only Oracle VM for SPARC also offers firmware-based hypervisor, but that one does not support sharing of CPU / memory / adapter resources or dynamic reallocation no efficient consolidation possible 7 7Source: A Comparison of PowerVM Audi and Oracle VMware RAC vsphere Infrastruktur 4.1 update M.Springer, 1 Virtualization A.Hartmann Performance, Edison Group, September

6 Workload Consolidation Consolidation allows you to size your system for the average usage plus overhead for peaks of some LPARs (but not all as long as peaks do not happen at the same time) Sharing CPU ressources lowers the number of required licenses 8 8 Audi Oracle RAC Infrastruktur M.Springer, A.Hartmann

7 Workload Consolidation Consolidation allows you to save: Licenses (share CPU ressources) Memory (Compression, Sharing), Physical Adapters (Sharing) Followup-Costs (How expensive is one managed LAN/SAN port?) Rack / Floor Space Power / Cooling Enhancement of server utilization from 17% to 60% at a consolidation from 64 dedicated servers with 256 cores on one server with 72 cores High-performance Power7 server enable a very efficent server environment 9 9 Audi Oracle RAC Infrastruktur M.Springer, A.Hartmann

8 Power advantages High availability AIX offers the highest availability and RAS features on the UNIX market No need to invest in Oracle RAC to have a high availability, PowerHA might be enough Downtime minutes per year of server operating systems min/year AIX on Power Solaris on SPARC HP-UX SuSE Linux RHEL Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2003 Plattform * compare ITIC study, ITIC 2009 Global Server Hardware and Server OS Reliability Survey, July 2009 Audi Oracle RAC Infrastruktur M.Springer, A.Hartmann

9 Power advantages High per-core performance High single thread performance Up to 4,42 GHz 80 MB L3-Cache Up to 4 threads per core (SMT-4) Power 8 will provide Up to 12 cores / socket 96 MB L3-Cache Up to 128MB L4-Cache (off-chip) Up to 8 threads per core (SMT-8) High single thread performance will speed up applications / tasks that cannot be parallelized 11 11

10 Description of Power processor terms Physical: Real physical cores Active CoD (can be activated on an daily basis or permanently with license keys) deconfigured (broken) Dedicated: Used exclusively for a single LPAR Shared: Pool of physical processors for several LPARs (multiple pools can be configured) Virtual: Virtual cores which look like real cores for an LPAR, this is where overcommitment takes place Logical: Each virtual processor can run 1, 2 or 4 threads (SMT), similar to HyperThreading on x86. The amount (1,2 or 4) can be configured independently for each LPAR Audi Oracle RAC Infrastruktur M.Springer, A.Hartmann Entitled Capacity (EC): Number of physical cores guaranteed for an LPAR. This guarantee cannot be overcommitted. However if one LPAR does not need its guaranteed resources they are automatically redistributed to LPARs which need more power (up to the number of virtual processors) each 10 milliseconds Capped/Uncapped: Controls whether an LPAR is allowed to use more than their EC or not

11 Oracle Editions Enterprise Edition Flagship Oracle database Many options (with cost) available (RAC, Partitioning, Advanced Compression, OLAP, etc) Licensed by core or named user Standard Edition Four- socket version, including full clustering support (RAC support) Licensed by socket or named user Standard Edition One Two-socket version of Standard Edition (w/o RAC support) Licensed by socket or named user Personal Edition Full-featured (except RAC) version for a single user Express Edition Free of charge, limited (1 Core, 4GB of data), online forum support Oracle Database Mobile Server (formerly: Oracle Database Lite) Complete database software for the mobile database applications 13

12 Oracle Editions - List Prices [ October 2013 ] Enterprise Edition $/core $/core/year maintenance RAC: $/core $/core/year maintenance Partitioning: $/core $/core/year maintenance Standard Edition $/socket $/socket/year maintenance RAC included (Limit: total of 4 sockets in entire RAC) Standard Edition One 5.800$/socket $/socket/year maintenance Oracle Processor Core Factor Table: Multiplier for core count depending on processor model/type P780/795 Turbo Core does not limit number of cores to license (you still have to license 8 cores, not just 4) That s the official statement from Oracle discuss this topic with them, some customers report that Oracle aggeed to only charge 4 cores Unlimited License Agreement available, SAP licensing schema available 14

13 Use cases for Standard Edition on Power Systems If Standard Edition offers all features that you need you can save a significant amount of license cost Use case 1 : 2 node RAC 2 x p730/p740 with 2 sockets / 16 cores each Total of 32 cores, 128 logical CPU License cost (SE, 3 years): 4x17.500$ + 3x 4x 3.850$ = $ License cost (EE, 3 years): 32x47.500$ + 3x32x10.450$ + (RAC option): 32x23.000$ + 3x32x 5.060$ = $ Use case 2 : 1 node database, 4 Sockets 1 x p750 with 4 sockets / 32 cores / 128 logical CPU License cost (SE, 3 years): 4x17.500$ + 3x 4x 3.850$ = $ License cost (EE, 3 years): 32x47.500$ + 3x32x10.450$ = $ Use case 3 : 1 node database, 2 Sockets 1 x p730/740 with 2 sockets / 16 cores / 64 logical CPU License cost (SE One, 3 years): 2x 5.800$ + 3x 2x 1.276$ = $ License cost (EE, 3 years): 16x47.500$ + 3x16x10.450$ = $ 15

14 Most Important Features missing in Standard Edition No Compression, Encryption, Partitioning No Online index rebuild, online table redefinition, most Flashback features missing No Parallel Query, DML, Statistics Gathering, Index Builds, Datapump No DataGuard, but If DG is used for having a 30 minutes behind production database (to recover from logical data errors) a Manual Standby Database can be used, this requires just a few SQL and Unix scripts, see e.g. p/ /manual-standby-database-under-oracle-standard- Edition.htm If DG is used as a disaster recovery system to mirror data to a remote data centre a design alternative could be to replicate the data to remote data centre on SAN level. If the primary site fails the LUNs can be made visible on the backup nodes, after startup of Oracle a crash recovery will be done, after that the database is available again. 16

15 RAC Really needed if running on Power Systems? Costs 50% On Top of Enterprise Edition Really needed for all (consolidated) instances? By building more than one Shared Processor Pool you will need to buy RAC licenses only for a part of the system while still being able to consolidate Adds additional complexity / dangers of (operating/software) errors Use Cases for RAC: 17 Higher overall performance Power Systems provides single machines which can handle your workload In addition RAC introduces scalability problems which might cause you to rewrite / modify your application and/or schema (Sequences, Indexes on ascending / date columns) Higher availability Power Systems have the highest availability and RAS features on the UNIX market

16 RAC Really needed if running on Power Systems? Use Cases for RAC (cont.): Availability during planned machine downtimes Move your LPAR to a different machine using Live Partition Mobility with no downtime (* Might also be expensive, see later *) Availability during planned OS updates Move your database to another LPAR using DataGuard or PowerHA Availability during planned database updates Oracle supports Rolling Updates in a RAC environment for some patches However, does it always work? Is this really an option for your mission-critical system? You will probably need a planned downtime anyway Recommendation: No need to use RAC 18

17 Oracle editions Licensing availability on Power Systems Power Systems Product Description Core Pricing Oracle Database Edition Socket Pricing Power Systems Model Maximum Cores Maximum Oracle Socket Count Oracle Enterprise Edition Oracle Standard Edition Oracle Standard Edition One Power 710 (+) 8 (8) 1 (1) Power 720 (+) 8 (8) 1 (1) Power 730 (+) 16 (16) 2 (2) Power 740 (+) 16 (16) 2 (2) Power 750 (+) 32 (32) 4 (8 due to DCM) /No No Power due to DCM No No Power 770 (+) 64 (64) 16 No No Power 780 (+) 128 (128) 16 No No Power No No 19 For Standard Edition licensing eligibility with RAC the total number of sockets in the cluster is considered, not just the number of sockets in an individual system. Some Power7+ are Dual Chip Modules (DCM, 2 chips on each socket). Oracle counts those as 2 sockets each.

18 Oracle editions Licensing availability on Power Systems Power Systems Product Description Core Pricing Oracle Database Edition Socket Pricing Power Systems Model Maximum Cores Maximum Oracle Socket Count Oracle Enterprise Edition Oracle Standard Edition Oracle Standard Edition One PS PS PS PS PS No p p due to DCM No p No p24l (*) R1 (*) 8 1 7R2 (*) R4 (*) 32 4 No 20 For Standard Edition licensing eligibility with RAC the total number of sockets in the cluster is considered, not just the number of sockets in an individual system. (*) Running PowerLinux, only Oracle 10g available

19 Oracle recognizes IBM PowerVM for sub-capacity pricing Hard partitioning means that only the part of the server that is used for Oracle workload has to be licensed. This is referred to as sub-capacity pricing LPARs (DLPARs) on Power are accepted ways to do Hard partitioning. Soft partitioning is the standard for most other virtualization techniques, e.g. VMWare, XEN, KVM, Oracle VM (depending on configuration) or IBM WPARs. Soft partitioning it is not eligible for Oracle partitioning "sub-capacity" pricing Oracle VM (based on Xen) can be configured in a way that it is eligible for hard partitioning, but then the number of assigned cores has to be hard-coded and cannot be changed without restarting the partition (in contrast to Dynamic LPAR options with PowerVM) 21

20 Oracle and Live Partition Mobility 22 Live Partition Mobility enables you to move your running LPAR from one physical host to another without interuption of service. This could be used for e.g. maintenance or for load balancing features. End of August Oracle updated their Partitioning Policy document: It now contains the following paragraph: IBM Power VM Live Partition Mobility is not an approved hard partitioning technology. All cores on both the source and destination servers in an environment using IBM Power VM Live Partition Mobility must be licensed. This means that even if you have only a single LPAR which is configured with 4 cores (resulting in 4 licenses) you would have to license your entire source and target server (imagine a pair of p770 with 64 cores each) Please complain at your local Oracle representative to further be allowed to use this really benificial feature without having to pay exorbitant license costs which technically make no sense (you are never using more than those 4 cores for your workload)

21 Oracle recognizes IBM PowerVM for sub-capacity pricing Shared Processor Pools: If several LPARs running Oracle software use a Shared Processor Pool only the number of cores in that pool have to be licensed Note: No official external document exists, but Oracle LMS handles it that way. You can ask Oracle for a free Advisory Service to approve your setup 23

22 The Processor Core Factor For all core based licenses a core factor for each processor type is defined Examples UltraSparc T1 < 1.4GHz, T UltraSparc T1 1.4GHz, T2+, T4, T5, SPARC64 VII+, 0.5 M5, M6, Opteron, Xeon, Itanium before Dec SPARC64 VI, VII, UltraSparc IV, IV+, T2, 0.75 Power5+ (or earlier) 0.75 Power6/7/7+, System z 1.0 Itanium after Dec Even though Oracle charges more for Power Systems you can still save license costs on Power as you can better consolidate your instances due to a much more efficient virtualization compared to e.g. VMWare Always check the official list on the Oracle website as it is regularly updated. 24

23 Capacity on Demand Oracle charges for the maximum number of processors the product can run on at a specific time. The customer need not license the CoD (Capacity on Demand) until it is turned on, and then only if the capacity is available to Oracle If the intent of turning on the CoD is not for Oracle database usage, there are many ways to limit the active Oracle partition(s) so they can't use the capacity. When CoD is on, and depending on the mix of partitions, customer can also set the processor values to be consistent with the Oracle licensed values. When CoD is on, for an Oracle LPAR, the customer may have to purchase additional Oracle licenses if they don t currently own enough to cover the additional cores. 25

24 Licensing examples - Disclaimer The following slides show a few examples how you could design your system and what impact that would have on the number of licenses that you have to buy. The information is based on Oracle s Global Licensing website ( ). That website must be consulted for any formal and official clarification on Oracle s Licensing. Those examples should be used to get an idea which setups are possible and make good use of sub-capacity licensing. Therefore you should use those examples as a guideline to design your system and ask Oracle to accept your configuration. 26 <<This document is not officially approved by Oracle - IBM is not liable for incorrect or incomplete information.>>

25 Detailed licensing rules visual examples will follow 27 Don t Panic <<This document is not officially approved by Oracle - IBM is not liable for incorrect or incomplete information.>>

26 Core Licensing : Dedicated LPARs Number of cores to license: 6 28 <<This document is not officially approved by Oracle - IBM is not liable for incorrect or incomplete information.>>

27 Core Licensing : Shared processor pool LPAR1: EC=1 + capped : 1 core LPAR2: VP=6 + uncapped: 6 cores Number of cores to license: 6 (number of CPUs in pool) 29 <<This document is not officially approved by Oracle - IBM is not liable for incorrect or incomplete information.>>

28 Core Licensing : Shared processor pool LPAR1: EC=2 + capped : 2 cores LPAR2: VP=3 + uncapped: 3 cores Number of cores to license: 5 (EC=2 in LPAR3 does not count) 30 <<This document is not officially approved by Oracle - IBM is not liable for incorrect or incomplete information.>>

29 Core Licensing : Shared processor pool LPAR1: EC=1.6 + capped : 1.6 cores LPAR2: VP=2 + uncapped: 2 cores Number of cores to license: 4 (3.6 rounded up) 31 <<This document is not officially approved by Oracle - IBM is not liable for incorrect or incomplete information.>>

30 Core Licensing : Multiple shared processor pool LPAR1: EC=1.6 + capped : 1.6 cores LPAR2: VP=5 + uncapped: 5 cores LPAR1+2: 5 cores max LPAR4: VP=2 + uncapped: 2 cores Number of cores to license: 7 32 <<This document is not officially approved by Oracle - IBM is not liable for incorrect or incomplete information.>>

31 PowerVM offers optimized use of Oracle-licensed CPUs - Oracle only has to be licensed for cores used by Oracle-LPARs, not the entire server - Multiple pools (e.g. Standalone, RAC, etc) within a single POWER7 - server possible - Within the Shared Pools regular micro-partitioning - Unique feature of IBM PowerVM Dynamically Resizable 21 Cores Cores 3 21Cores 6 Cores 7 Cores Virtual Cores I/O Cores Cores Cores Shared Processor Cores Virtual I/O Shared Processor Server Pool 1 Pool 2 Server Shared Processor Pool 3 Partition Partition Linux Int Virt Linux AIX Linux Int Virt Linux Manager V5.3 Manager Storage Storage Sharing Sharing Ethernet Ethernet Sharing Sharing Virtual I/O paths WebSphere WebSphere WebSphere WebSphere WebSphere Oracle Part.ing Oracle Part.ing Oracle Part.ing POWER Hypervisor Oracle 10g Oracle 10g Virtual LAN Oracle 9i Oracle10g Oracle11g Oracle 11g 33 SAN LAN LAN Processors in the Virtual I/O Servers which handle all the I/O do not have to be licensed! <<This document is not officially approved by Oracle - IBM is not liable for incorrect or incomplete information.>> SAN LAN LAN

32 Power Advantages for Oracle databases High performance / core Highest availability in the UNIX market Perfect platform for consolidation of instances / virtualization of resources while having a strong separation of environments like using separate hardware You only have to license exactly what you need Virtualization without overhead due to firmware implementation Active Memory Expansion supported with Oracle 11gR2 Live Partition Mobility supported with Oracle 10gR2, 11gR1 and 11gR2 (single instance) and 11gR2 (RAC) But as of now you have to license your entire servers Sell your surplus licenses!!! (European Court of Justice decision in July 2012 Oracle vs. UsedSoft ) 35

33 Thank you Alexander Hartmann Senior IT Specialist Migration Factory Lab Services System p [email protected] Please evaluate 36