APA (6th ed.) Reference Examples

Transcription

1 APA (6th ed.) Reference Examples Books In- text citations (paraphrase) First edition There is a growing body of laws and regulations governing curriculum (Nation & Macalister, 2010). OR Nation, I. S. P., & Macalister, J. (2010). Language curriculum design. New York, NY: Routledge. Whitehead, J., & McNiff, J. (2006). Action research: Living theory. London, England: Sage. Nation and Macalister (2010) explain that there is a growing body of laws and regulations governing curriculum. Note: Multiple authors should appear in the order in which they are listed on the book's title page. Subsequent editions Secondary source 3-5 authors... (Blais & Hayes, 2006). OR Blais, K., & Hayes, J. S. (2011). Professional nursing practice: Concepts and perspectives (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson. Blais and Hayes (2006) explain (Stubbs, as cited in Martin & White, 2005). Martin, J. R., & White, P. R. R. (2005). The language of evaluation: Appraisal in English. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. Note: In this example, Stubbs is the primary source, and Martin and White is the secondary source. The writer has used Martin and White's summary of Stubbs' work, and so must cite the work he or she accessed. First citation: Emmitt, M., Komesaroff, L., & Pollock, J. (2006). Language & learning: An... (Emmitt, Komesaroff, & Pollock, 2006). introduction for teaching (4th ed.). South Melbourne, Australia: Subsequent citations: Oxford University Press.... (Emmitt et al., 2006). 1

2 6 or 7 authors More than 7 authors Chapter in an edited book Image from a book E- book with DOI Petty et al. (2012) describe... Petty, J. W., Titman, S., Keown, A. J., Martin, P., Martin, J. D., Burrow, M., & Nguyen, H. (2012). Financial management: Principles and applications (6th ed.). Frenchs Forest, Australia: Pearson Australia.... (Berman et al., 2010). Berman, A., Snyder, S. J., Kozier, B., Erb, G., Levett- Jones, T., Dwyer, T. Stanley, D. (2010). Kozier and Erb s fundamentals of nursing (1st Australian ed.). Frenchs Forest, Australia: Pearson. Note: In the reference list entry, list the first 6 authors, then an ellipsis, then the final author. McCarthy (2005) asserts... McCarthy, A. (2005). Psychosocial aspects of pain and fatigue. In C. The pictorial depiction of the critical pathway to child health is extremely useful (McMurray & Clendon, 2011, p. 173). It clearly shows that... Rogers- Clark, A. McCarthy, & K. Martin- McDonald (Eds.), Living with illness: Psychosocial challenges for nursing (pp ). Sydney, Australia: Elsevier Australia. McMurray, A., & Clendon, J. (2011). Community health and wellness 4e: Primary health care in practice (4th ed.). Chatswood, Australia: Elsevier Australia.... (Birnbaum, 2002). Birnbaum, N. (2002). After progress: American social reform and European socialism in the twentieth century. doi: /acprof:oso/

3 E- book with no DOI Macintyre (2004) lists... Macintyre, S. (2004). A concise history of Australia (2nd ed.). from printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=one page&q&f=false Journal In- text citations (paraphrase) articles Print... (Pavlovich, 2007). Pavlovich, K. (2007). The development of reflective practice through with DOI with no DOI Atilgan and McCullen (2011) advise... Note: Go to crossref.org to locate an article's DOI. student journals. Higher Education Research & Development, 26(3), Atilgan, C., & McCullen, P. (2011). Improving supply chain performance through auditing: A change management perspective. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 16(1), doi: / (Höök, Cederblad, & Berg, 2006). Höök, B., Cederblad, M., & Berg, R. (2006). Prenatal and postnatal maternal smoking as risk factors for preschool children's mental health. Acta Paediatrica: Promoting Child Health, 95(6), from Note: Include the URL of the journal or report publisher's homepage in the reference list entry. Database retrieval details are no longer recommended by APA as these can change over time. 3

4 Newspaper articles With author, print With author, retrieved In- text citations (paraphrase) Stelzer (2011) considers... Stelzer, I. (2011, October 4). Emerging Eurozone mosaic not a pretty picture. The Australian, p (Smith, 2011). Smith, A. (2011, October, 3). Going for a thong but little to show as group buying site caught short. The Sydney Morning Herald. from Note: Provide the URL of the newspaper's homepage in the reference list entry. Without author, print ( Huge hole, 2011). Huge hole recorded in Arctic ozone layer. (2011, October 4). The Australian, p. 9. Note: In text, italicise the title, and if lengthy, shorten it to a few words. Without author, retrieved Reference works (e.g., encyclopaedi a & dictionaries) With editor, print ( Europe calls, 2011). In- text citations (paraphrase) Lalor (2003) surveys... Europe calls for climate vision. (2011, October 4). The Age. from Lalor, B. (Ed.). (2003). The encyclopaedia of Ireland. Dublin, Ireland: Gill & Macmillan. 4

5 With editor, retrieved With author, retrieved No author or editor, print... (Larkin, 2009). Larkin, C. (Ed.). (2009). Encyclopedia of popular music (4th ed.). from Note: Provide a DOI in the reference list entry when possible; otherwise, provide a retrieval statement and URL. Potts (2010) summarises... Potts, D. L. (2001). Native American poetry. In E. L. Harrison (Ed.), Encyclopedia of American poetry. from (Macquarie Dictionary, 2009). Macquarie dictionary (5th ed.). (2009). Sydney, Australia: The Macquarie Library. Brochures In- text citations (paraphrase) Print Kelvin Grove State College (n.d.) presents... Kelvin Grove State College. (n.d.). Middle school: Year 6 Year 9 Note: If no date of publication is available, use n.d. [Brochure]. Kelvin Grove, Australia: Author.... (Diabetes Australia, n.d.). Diabetes Australia. (n.d.). Turning diabetes around [Brochure]. from DA%20Corporate%20Brochure%20Jun pdf 5

6 Conference papers Print, published in conference proceedings In- text citations (paraphrase) Cavanagh and Sparrow (2011) describe their new model as... Cavanagh, R., & Sparrow, L. (2011). Mathematics anxiety: Scaffolding a new construct model. In J. Clark, B. Kissane, J. Mousely, T. Spencer, & S. Thornton (Eds.), Proceedings of the AAMT- MERGA Conference, Alice Springs 3-7 July 2011 (Vol.1, pp ). Adelaide, Australia: AAMT & MERGA.... (Larkin, 2011). Larkin, S. (2011, June). Hole in the pocket: Towards a racially inclusive Reports In- text citations (paraphrase) Print... (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [AIHW], 2011). OR The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW, 2011) outlines... academy. Paper presented at the 14 th Pacific Rim First Year in Higher Education Conference, Fremantle, Australia. from / content/pdf/keynote_workshop/hole%20in%20the%20pocket.pdf Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2011). Cervical screening in Australia, (Cat. No. CAN 57). Canberra, Australia: Author. Note: If an organisation is known by its abbreviation, use the full name in the first in- text citation, then the abbreviation in subsequent citations. 6

7 Audio- visual media DVD motion picture Other DVD materials First citation:... (Australian Bureau of Statistics [ABS], 2007). Subsequent citations: (ABS, 2007). In- text citations Wick and Konrad (1999) present... Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2007). Tobacco smoking - Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: A snapshot, (No ). from papersbycatalogue/d030a9bd9bf14b08ca25730e0021bce1 OpenDocument Wick, D. & Konrad, C. (Producers), & Mangold, J. (Director). (1999). Girl interrupted [Motion picture]. United States of America: Columbia Pictures.... (Cooper, 2008). Cooper, M. (Producer & Director). (2008). The cardiovascular system Web sources In- text citations (paraphrase) [DVD]. Coppell, TX: CTI Productions. Note: Always consider the reliability, credibility, authority, and authenticity of your web sources. When in doubt, check with your lecturer. For more examples check the APA style blog at to- cite- something- you- found- on- a- website- in- apa- style.html Online document Braber (2005) considers... Braber, N. (2005). Language and intercultural communication problems. from Braber.pdf 7

8 Podcast, with producer... (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2011). Australian Human Rights Commission (Producer). (2011, July 25). Intervention in the Northern Territory [Audio podcast]. from podcast_2011_14.mp3 Blog post... (Burt, 2011). Burt, R. (2011, August 18). Using categories to organise multiple classes Video blog post (e.g., YouTube video) Digital image... (Helicopter Emergency Medical Service, 2008). or subjects on your blog [Blog post]. from categories to- organize- multiple- classes- or- subjects- on- your- blog/ Helicopter Emergency Medical Service. (2008). Doctor & paramedic pre- hospital training with NSW Ambulance helicopter service [Video file]. from Figure 1: The phases of mitosis. From "Mitosis National Institute of General Medical Sciences. (2005). Mitosis phases phases" by the National Institute of General [digital image]. from Medical Sciences (NIGMS), 2005, insidethecell/ch4_phases_allbig.html ch4_phases_allbig.html. Copyright 2010 by NIGMS. Note: The source must be acknowledged in full below the image in the caption. 8

9 Other sources In- text citations (paraphrase) Lectures Ho (2009) states... Ho, V. (2009, Fall). Lecture 2: Health, medical care & spending [PowerPoint slides]. from ~econ481/#ppt Personal communication Note: Before using the lecture notes provided by your lecturer or the notes you take in class as sources in your academic work, check with your lecturer. Notes you take in class are 'personal communication' as they are unpublished and therefore not recoverable.... (J. R. Christopherson, personal communication, May 5, 2011). As personal communications are not published and therefore cannot be accessed or retrieved, they are not included in the reference list. Note: Personal communication may include interviews you have conducted, s, letters, and notes you take in class, among other things. 9