Weatherford s Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) Services

Transcription

1 Weatherford s Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) Services Drilling Evaluation Completion Production Intervention Drilling hazard mitigation Drilling-with-casing (DwC ) systems Secure Drilling SM services - Air drilling - Downhole tools - Fluid systems - Managed pressure drilling - Pressure-control equipment - Underbalanced drilling Solid expandable systems More Productive Drilling SM Leverage Weatherford s extensive portfolio of MPD equipment and associated expertise to maximize control of your wellbore s pressure profile, mitigate multiple drilling hazards, and ultimately make otherwise undrillable prospects drillable.

2 Nearly half of all drilling hazards are related to wellbore pressure. Weatherford s MPD services can help you beat the odds. As the oilfield services industry s largest global provider of MPD services, we offer more technology, expertise and real results. More technology. Recognizing the value of MPD as a powerful drilling hazard mitigation technique, we began amassing the essential tools of the trade more than 40 years ago. Today our expansive portfolio of MPD equipment the world s largest ranges from rotating control devices (RCDs) to a state-of-the-art Microflux control system. More expertise. Drawing on our collective MPD experience and specialized training, our global team of highly skilled MPD specialists lend critical expertise to your drilling operations. More real results. Since 1968, we have been providing MPD support to clients for drilling operations throughout the world. Among other benefits, our services have minimized nonproductive time and ended detrimental kick/loss cycles. And in some cases, we have made undrillable prospects drillable Weatherford. All rights reserved.

3 Weatherford s Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) Services Nonpressure related events Kick 9% Shallow Water Flow 3% Lost Circulation 13% More than 40 percent of all drilling hazards relate to wellbore pressure. MPD presents a highly effective means to mitigating such hazards. James K. Dodson Company @infogulf.com Sloughing Shale 3% Stuck Pipe 11% Twist Off 3% MPD = More Productive Drilling SM An acronym for managed pressure drilling, MPD could easily stand for more productive drilling. Our MPD services can help you mitigate pressurerelated drilling hazards (such as kicks and fluid loss), maximize drilling efficiency, and make otherwise undrillable wells drillable. The technique entails the use of specialized equipment to control the wellbore pressure profile more precisely than allowed by conventional drilling methods. MPD benefits include: Effectively mitigates drilling hazards, such as differential sticking, fluid loss, kicks, lost circulation and nuisance gas zones Optimizes rate of penetration (ROP) and prolongs bit life, cutting the number of trips and reducing nonproductive time (NPT) to enhance drilling efficiency Reduces the number of casing strings relative to conventional drilling techniques and in some cases, deepening casing set points Minimizes health, safety and environmental (HSE) risks Enables the drilling of otherwise undrillable wells Weatherford. All rights reserved. 3

4 Defining MPD MPD entails the use of an RCD, a choke-manifold system and other equipment to achieve precise control of a wellbore s pressure profile while drilling. Common MPD drilling techniques include detection and management, constant bottomhole pressure (CBHP), pressurized mud-cap drilling (PMCD), and dual gradient. Rotating control device Main flowline Shale shakers Microflux control manifold Gas to vent Trip-tank fill up Rig choke manifold Mud gas separator Trip tank Trip-tank pump Managed pressure drilling: An adaptive drilling process used to precisely control the annular pressure profile throughout the wellbore. The objectives are to ascertain the downhole-pressure-environment limits and to manage the annular hydraulic pressure profile accordingly. It is the intention of MPD to avoid continuous influx of formation fluids to the surface. Any influx incidental to the operation will be safely contained using an appropriate process. MPD process employs a collection of tools and techniques which may mitigate the risks and costs associated with drilling wells that have narrow downhole environmental limits, by proactively managing the annular hydraulic pressure profile. MPD may include control of backpressure, fluid density, fluid rheology, annular fluid level, circulating friction, and hole geometry, or combinations thereof. MPD may allow faster corrective action to deal with observed pressure variations. The ability to dynamically control annular pressures facilitates drilling of what might otherwise be economically unattainable prospects. International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC) Underbalanced Operations and Managed Pressure Drilling Committee Weatherford. All rights reserved.

5 Weatherford s Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) Services Variant Objective How it works Detection and management Enhance wellsite safety when drilling with hazardous fluids through unknown geopressure zones or in formations with high concentrations of toxic gases, such as hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S). Detection and management practices minimize the risk of well-control incidents when drilling with hazardous fluids or in formations with high concentrations of toxic gases a risk exacerbated by a narrow, pore-pressure/fracture-gradient window. These techniques incorporate the use of a closed-loop, mud-return, handling system (as opposed to more conventional open-air systems) on the rig floor to ensure that all annular fluid returns are contained. Its key components include an RCD (positioned above the blowout preventer), drillstring floats and a dedicated choke. Variant Objective How it works Constant bottomhole pressure drilling Eliminate kick/loss cycles when a formation s fracture gradient approximates its pore pressure a common scenario on deep wells. Achieved with an RCD and an additional control choke, CBHP drilling enables operators to maintain a precise balance between pore pressure and fracture gradient even when pumping stops without the use of heavier-than-optimal drilling fluids. The capability to quickly change equivalent mud weight and maintain optimal equivalent mud density ends problematic kick/loss cycles. Variant Objective How it works Pressurized mud-cap drilling Minimize mud losses and associated NPT when drilling in highly depleted zones or formations with large voids, such as caverns. Heavy, viscous mud is pumped down the annulus, where it acts as a cap on the well and keeps fluids from escaping. A second lightweight, sacrificial drilling fluid, such as seawater, is used to continue drilling. The lighter fluid enhances drilling efficiency. Also, PMCD techniques trap fluid and cuttings beneath the surface eliminating the need to dispose of them, preventing dangerous gases from reaching the wellsite, and, in many cases, helping to stabilize the formation. Variant Objective How it works Dual-gradient drilling Reduce the risk of formation damage and related fluid losses when drilling in deep formations with low-fracture gradients, while eliminating the need to change mud density. Typically, a second light-weight fluid (such as nitrogen) is injected into the annulus with a parasite string or concentric casing (land), or a marine riser (offshore). As the light fluid rises, it takes heavy mud with it, reducing the total weight of the mud in the annular column. Ideally suited for deepwater drilling, this technique tricks the wellbore into thinking the rig is closer than it is by removing some of the hydrostatic head pressure that would otherwise result from heavy mud and cuttings in the annulus returns. In addition to minimizing formation damage, dual-gradient drilling eliminates the need for frequent mud-density adjustments, a more conventional technique that results in flat time Weatherford. All rights reserved. 5

6 More technology Through acquisitions and experience-driven research and development, we have built the largest MPD product selection in the oilfield services industry. With such a breadth of equipment and built-for-purpose systems, we are positioned to meet your MPD needs in virtually any drilling conditions, onshore and offshore. Our MPD portfolio includes surface and subsea RCDs, specialized drilling fluids, and a revolutionary Microflux control system that enables real-time detection of minute downhole influxes and losses. Rotating control devices. Used in mudreturn systems to contain annular fluids during drilling operations, RCDs are key enablers of MPD techniques. They make underbalanced, near-balanced or overbalanced drilling possible when facing an elevated risk of gas kicks. We offer a broad selection of RCDs, many of which have been engineered for specific conditions. For example, we offer the built-for-purpose SeaShield marine series for offshore drilling environments, and the SafeShield land series for virtually any onshore application. Advanced Microflux control system. This revolutionary system represents a major step change in MPD technology. It enables the real-time measurement and analysis of flow and pressure data with an unprecedented degree of precision, enabling rapid detection and consequently minimization of kick and fluid loss on MPD operations. The fully automated system is driven by proprietary algorithms, which enable precise wellbore pressure profile management. DDV downhole deployment valve. Our innovative DDV system a casing-deployed, downhole-pressure, isolation device removes the need to place a viscous plug and enables maximum tripping speeds without the risk of swabbing. This process reduces tripping times and greatly enhances safety on MPD operations Weatherford. All rights reserved.

7 Weatherford s Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) Services Gateway wirelineretrievable, nonreturn valve. Our flapper-style, drill-float valve is designed to manage backpressure in the drillstring on MPD operations. Unlike a fixedfloat valve, the Gateway valve can be changed out or removed on wireline, eliminating the need to trip pipe, thus enhancing operational efficiency and safety. Drilling fluids. The success of an MPD operation is highly contingent on the use of appropriate drilling fluids, the applications of which include maintaining wellbore stability, minimizing corrosion and effectively removing cuttings. We offer a wide selection of drilling fluids and chemicals, as well as compatible delivery systems. Our portfolio includes specialized fluids suited for MPD operations in a range of drilling environments. Surface separation equipment. MPD techniques do not invite an influx of hydrocarbons, per se; however, some operations may require the use of surface-separation equipment beyond a rig s existing capacity. We can supply two- and four-phase systems for both onshore and offshore operations. Nitrogen-generation and compression equipment. We offer a wide selection of nitrogen-generation and compression equipment, used on MPD operations to lighten drilling mud and annular fluids. Removing nitrogen from air Weatherford. All rights reserved. 7

8 More expertise We draw on decades of experience, extensive internal training and our breadth of capabilities to provide you with the value-added expertise so critical to the success of your MPD operations. Planning for success Offshore Deep-Gas Project Days vs. Depth Cost Distribution Conventional MPD Conventional Cumulative Days: to ft MPD Cumulative Days: to ft We use a basic, three-step process to develop and implement MPD strategies that fulfill client objectives: Evaluate. Drawing on multiple resources, including our SURE well candidate selection software, we develop a thorough understanding of your reservoir and your objectives. Engineer. Using data we obtained during the evaluation phase, we work with you to develop a comprehensive strategy, which includes the MPD techniques and equipment to be used. This up-front planning is critical to the success of your MPD operation. Execute. We provide wellsite support throughout your MPD operation. We can also leverage our vast network of subject matter experts in other disciplines, as needed. Mean = 38M USD Mean = 47M USD MPD Cost OBD Cost One element of the evaluation phase may include our SURE well candidate selection process. This proprietary software package helps quantify the benefits of using MPD techniques on a given well. The comprehensive application can also be used to evaluate the merits of similar drilling methods, such as underbalanced and air drilling. Weatherford MPD Milestones Added rotating control device a key MPD enabler to product portfolio Began expanding selection of MPD equipment through acquisition and internal development and providing MPD support services Developed DDV downhole deployment valve Launched a QHSE management system designed explicitly for MPD and related services Launched SURE well candidate selection software and process, used to assess reservoir suitability for MPD and related services Weatherford. All rights reserved.

9 Weatherford s Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) Services Building a knowledge base With years of MPD experience, we bring valuable lessons from previous jobs to each new operation. A robust performance tracking system helps us identify best practices. Our field experience has heavily influenced our MPD product-development focus on built-for-purpose systems. Combining depth and breadth Weatherford combines depth of MPD expertise with a breadth of capabilities that spans the life cycle of a well drilling, evaluation, completion, production and intervention. Positioned to provide holistic solutions to your operational challenges, we routinely engage subject matter experts in a range of complementary disciplines on MPD operations. Cultivating expertise through training We provide our MPD specialists with extensive training to complement their field experience and to ensure that they are well versed on our products and services, as well as the latest MPD and drilling hazard mitigation techniques. We also use a competence assurance program to evaluate the skills of our MPD specialists on a routine basis. Our global network of training facilities includes dedicated MPD training centers that are equipped to simulate field environments. Enabling third-party operators and rig contractors As a major oilfield services provider, we have adopted a highly collaborative approach to doing business. In line with that philosophy, we offer specialized MPD training to third-party operators and rig contractors. We can provide the training which covers MPD techniques, as well as proper use of our equipment at client sites or at one of our facilities Applied MPD techniques in marine environment for first time Debuted revolutionary Microflux control technology, which enables real-time identification of minute downhole influxes and losses Deployed marine-series RCD for first time Employed marine-series RCDs on floating rig for first time Received industry s first API 16RCD certification for RCDs Weatherford. All rights reserved. 9

10 More real results Since 1998, we have provided MPD support on operations in countries throughout the world. Examples of our Real Results showcase our success. Mexico: MPD techniques enable operator to reach TD, reduce fluid losses Our MPD techniques enabled an operator to overcome well- Peru: MPD techniques mitigate circulation losses, reduce drilling costs on remote wells The section was drilled Egypt: Our advanced Microflux control technology enables drilling of previously undrillable well Offshore India: CBHP drilling helps reduce NPT in HP/HT Well NPT related to downhole problems was reduced to control issues experienced in seven days two days The combined use of our one day, compared to an in previous operations gas faster than planned saving advanced Microflux control average of 10 days for each influx, stuck pipe, fluid the operator more than system and an operator s of three previous wells in the losses and consequently US$400,000 per well. The use near-balanced drilling system field. In addition, fluid losses to reach TD safely on an of a two-phased drilling system ended detrimental kick/loss were minimized to 290 bbl onshore, horizontal well. helped maintain strict control of cycles to enable the drilling of of synthetic oil-based mud, MPD also made drilling near bottomhole pressure, thereby an exploratory HP/HT well to compared to previous losses the pore pressure possible, minimizing fluid losses and the TD. Eight previous attempts to of up to 4,000 bbl. minimizing formation damage. risk of hole instability. drill the well had failed Weatherford. All rights reserved.

11 Weatherford s Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) Services Secure Drilling SM services: A better way to drill MPD is part of an expanded range of Secure Drilling services that we offer to minimize the risk of drilling hazards related to a wellbore s pressure profile, and ultimately, to optimize life-of-well performance. Our Secure Drilling services encompass: Vietnam: CBHP drilling enables drilling of recordsetting well We used CBHP drilling to mitigate severe-brine-drilling, fluid losses on a development well in a pressurized, fracturedbasement reservoir where losses and kicks are common. At a depth of 21,411 ft (6,526 m), the resulting well was the country s longest basement well to date. Indonesia: PMCD and DDV tool enable drilling of big-bore gas wells Our PMCD-variant MPD and DDV tool enabled an operator to drill 300 MMscf/d. Use of the DDV tool eliminated the need for killing the well before setting the completion string. Use of a PMCD system reduced consumption of lost-circulation material. These measures contributed significantly to minimizing formation damage and preserving reservoir potential. Personnel and asset protection. The use of RCDs to protect wellsite personnel and rig equipment is a cornerstone of our Secure Drilling methodology. Detection and management. We use advanced identification and control systems to rapidly detect kick and fluid loss, and manage the wellbore pressure profile during drilling operations. Reservoir evaluation. We draw on our extensive evaluation capabilities to obtain pertinent reservoir data such as pore pressure, fracture gradient, hydrocarbon composition that drive drilling and completion decisions. Performance optimization. Leveraging reservoir data and other resources, we design and implement strategies to optimize life-of-well performance Weatherford. All rights reserved. 11

12 Weatherford s Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) Services Weatherford s MPD services are an integral component of our drilling hazard mitigation (DHM) portfolio. To learn more about our phased approach to DHM explore, engineer, execute or how our MPD services can help you maximize control of your wellbore s pressure profile, mitigate multiple drilling hazards and ultimately make otherwise undrillable prospects drillable, contact an authorized Weatherford representative or visit weatherford.com/mpd. weatherford.com Weatherford. All rights reserved Weatherford products and services are subject to the Company s standard terms and conditions, available on request or at weatherford.com. For more information contact an authorized Weatherford representative. Unless noted otherwise, trademarks and service marks herein are the property of Weatherford. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Weatherford sells its products and services in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the applicable contract between Weatherford and the client.