The Economic Benefits of International Education to the United States for the Academic Year: A Statistical Analysis

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1 The Economic Benefits of International Education to the United States for the Academic Year: A Statistical Analysis NAFSA estimates that foreign students and their dependents contributed approximately $18.78 billion to the U.S. economy during the academic year. This conservative figure is based on tuition figures from Wintergreen Orchard House, enrollment figures from the Institute of International Education's Open Doors 2010 report, living expenses calculated from Wintergreen Orchard House figures and analysis of the data by Jason Baumgartner at Indiana University Bloomington s Office of International Services. NAFSA's annual Economic Impact Statements estimate the amount of money foreign students bring to the United States to support their education. This report does not rely on a multiplier effect. Although this might provide a more accurate estimate of actual economic impact, there is no consensus on the appropriate size of such a multiplier. Along with our partners at the Institute of International Education and Indiana University, we are committed to continuing efforts to improve our data and methodology. By any measure, international education makes a significant contribution to the U.S. economy New York Avenue, NW, Eighth Floor, Washington, DC Tel: Fax:

2 Florida Total Number of Foreign : 29,708 Part 1: Net Contribution to State Economy by Foreign ( ) Contribution from Tuition and Fees to State Economy: $555,113,000 Contribution from Living Expenses: $533,260,000 Total Contribution by Foreign : $1,088,372,000 Less U.S. Support of 25.6% - $278,491,000 Plus Dependents' Living Expenses: + $17,116,000 Net Contribution to State Economy by Foreign and their Families: $826,997,000 Part 2: Contribution to State Economy by Foreign ' Dependents ( ) Spouses' Contribution Percent of Married : Percent of Spouses in the U.S.: Number of Spouses in the U.S.: 2,711 Additional Expenses for a Spouse: (% of student living expenses) 9.1% 85.0% 25.0% Spouses' Contribution: $11,568,000 Children's Contribution Number of Couples in the U.S.: 2,711 Number of Children per Couple: 0.6 Number of Children in the U.S.: 1,626 Additional Expenses for a Child: (% of student living expenses) 20.0% Children's Contribution: $5,549,000 Net Contribution to State Economy by Foreign ' Dependents: $17,116,000 Part 3: Foreign Student Contribution from Tuition/Fees and Living Expenses ( ) Pensacola Junior College, Pensacola 45 $327.1 $836.0 $52.0 $1,111.2 University of West Florida, Pensacola 504 $8,006.1 $7,644.3 $2,706.4 $12,944.0 Congressional District: 01 Jeff Miller (R) $14,055.2 Baptist College of Florida, Graceville *** $32.8 $58.3 $16.8 $74.3 Chipola College, Marianna 10 $66.1 $192.4 $12.0 $246.4 Florida State University, Tallahassee 1543 $37,279.4 $26,084.8 $26,218.5 $37,145.7 Gulf Coast Community College, Panama City *** $31.0 $77.0 $4.9 $103.1 Tallahassee Community College, Tallahassee 141 $864.9 $2,430.1 $146.9 $3,148.1

3 Congressional District: 02 Steve Southerland (R) $40,717.6 DeVry University - Florida, Orlando 184 $2,815.2 $3,628.1 $469.6 $5,973.8 Jacksonville University, Jacksonville 102 $2,148.2 $1,595.6 $531.3 $3,212.4 Jones College - Jacksonville (Arlington Campus), Jacksonville 11 $177.5 $213.1 $58.6 $332.0 Congressional District: 03 Corrine Brown (D) $9,518.2 University of North Florida, Jacksonville 253 $3,343.6 $3,753.7 $899.0 $6,198.4 Congressional District: 04 Ander Crenshaw (R) $6,198.4 Lake-Sumter Community College, Leesburg 17 $163.7 $331.9 $22.1 $473.5 Saint Leo University, St. Leo 159 $2,776.3 $3,103.6 $834.2 $5,045.7 Congressional District: 05 Richard Nugent (R) $5,519.1 Central Florida Community College, Ocala 97 $645.2 $1,869.2 $112.2 $2,402.2 Santa Fe College, Gainesville 255 $1,886.3 $4,196.7 $271.5 $5,811.5 University of Florida, Gainesville 4920 $98,641.4 $72,077.8 $75,138.9 $95,580.2 Congressional District: 06 Cliff Stearns (R) $103,794.0 Bethune Cookman College, Daytona Beach 102 $1,104.9 $1,517.6 $396.1 $2,226.5 Daytona Beach Community College, Daytona Beach Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Daytona Beach, Daytona Beach 62 $380.6 $1,097.4 $68.2 $1, $19,108.5 $13,929.0 $4,689.9 $28,347.6 Stetson University, Deland 96 $1,341.0 $887.4 $211.8 $2,016.7 Congressional District: 07 John Mica (R) $34,000.5

4 Rollins College, Winter Park 166 $5,206.8 $3,780.6 $1,232.1 $7,755.3 Valencia Community College, Orlando 465 $4,543.9 $8,668.4 $600.6 $12,611.6 Congressional District: 08 Daniel Webster (R) $20,367.0 Clearwater Christian College, Clearwater *** $56.8 $53.0 $16.5 $93.3 Congressional District: 09 Gus M. Bilirakis (R) $93.3 Eckerd College, St. Petersburg 80 $2,227.3 $1,408.9 $543.3 $3,092.8 Schiller International University, Largo 1007 $19,666.9 $17,378.8 $5,186.9 $31,858.8 Congressional District: 10 C. W. Bill Young (R) $34,951.6 Everest University, Tampa 73 $693.9 $1,274.1 $289.3 $1,678.7 Hillsborough Community College, Tampa 173 $1,321.7 $3,224.5 $217.6 $4,328.6 St. Petersburg College, St Petersburg 415 $3,609.5 $7,751.0 $507.0 $10,853.4 University of South Florida, Tampa 1779 $28,682.8 $29,904.2 $19,154.2 $39,432.8 University of Tampa, Tampa 664 $13,786.1 $11,703.5 $3,609.9 $21,879.7 Congressional District: 11 Kathy Castor (D) $78,173.2 Florida College, Temple Terrace 11 $137.2 $147.8 $12.8 $272.1 Florida Southern College, Lakeland 88 $1,665.9 $1,350.4 $471.8 $2,544.4 Warner University, Lake Wales 57 $816.7 $809.0 $169.4 $1,456.3 Webber International University, Babson Park 140 $2,353.9 $2,171.3 $451.6 $4,073.6 Congressional District: 12 Denis Ross (R) $8,346.5 Argosy University of Sarasota, Sarasota 53 $987.0 $1,152.0 $749.5 $1,389.5 Manatee Community College, Bradenton 100 $788.7 $1,888.4 $119.5 $2,557.7

5 Ringling College of Art and Design, Sarasota 98 $2,338.1 $2,065.8 $376.4 $4,027.5 Congressional District: 13 Vern Buchanan (R) $7,974.8 Edison College, Fort Myers 73 $493.8 $1,172.8 $74.4 $1,592.2 Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers 130 $2,360.3 $2,251.8 $654.4 $3,957.7 Southwest Florida College, Fort Myers *** $30.7 $74.8 $4.7 $100.8 Congressional District: 14 Connie Mack (R) $5,650.7 Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne 1142 $32,997.0 $22,332.3 $14,270.9 $41,058.4 Congressional District: 15 Bill Posey (R) $41,058.4 Hobe Sound Bible College, Hobe Sound 12 $81.2 $232.5 $27.0 $286.7 South Florida Community College, Avon Park *** $28.0 $77.0 $4.7 $100.3 Congressional District: 16 Tom Rooney (R) $386.9 Barry University, Miami Shores 412 $10,573.8 $8,329.3 $4,600.9 $14,302.3 St. Thomas University, Miami Gardens 198 $5,017.3 $3,011.8 $1,137.3 $6,891.8 Congressional District: 17 Fredrica Wilson (D) $21,194.1 Florida Keys Community College, Key West *** $18.6 $57.7 $3.4 $72.9 Miami International University of Art and Design, Miami 236 $3,819.9 $5,334.5 $1,933.9 $7,220.6 Congressional District: 18 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R) $7,293.5 Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton 1079 $16,372.6 $20,048.6 $9,054.9 $27,366.3 Lynn University, Boca Raton 356 $9,527.3 $7,983.2 $2,390.7 $15,119.8

6 Northwood University - Florida Campus, West Palm Beach St. Vincent de Paul Regional Seminary, Boynton Beach 221 $3,427.7 $3,471.5 $1,413.1 $5, $134.1 $246.4 $118.1 $262.4 Congressional District: 19 Ted Deutch (D) $48,234.6 Broward College, Fort Lauderdale 570 $4,073.4 $10,173.0 $635.5 $13,610.9 Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale 1250 $21,883.3 $20,478.1 $4,926.9 $37,434.4 Trinity International University - Florida Campus, Davie *** $47.5 $34.4 $12.3 $69.7 University of Miami, Coral Gables 2074 $65,894.7 $48,207.9 $28,505.4 $85,597.3 Congressional District: 20 Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D) $136,712.3 Florida International University, Miami 2572 $48,042.2 $59,743.0 $34,512.9 $73,272.3 Florida National College, Hialeah 153 $1,808.5 $3,019.8 $274.9 $4,553.3 Congressional District: 21 Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R) $77,825.7 Art Institute of Fort Lauderdale, Fort Lauderdale 207 $3,956.1 $2,550.9 $554.8 $5,952.3 Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach 113 $1,469.2 $1,784.1 $458.1 $2,795.3 Palm Beach Community College, Lake Worth 232 $1,232.5 $4,205.0 $242.5 $5,195.0 Congressional District: 22 Allen West (R) $13,942.5 Indian River Community College, Fort Pierce 46 $258.7 $855.2 $49.7 $1,064.2 Miami-Dade College, Miami 1678 $13,618.6 $40,770.3 $2,425.3 $51,963.7 Congressional District: 23 Alcee L. Hastings (D) $53,027.9 Brevard Community College, Cocoa 158 $1,369.4 $3,007.3 $201.3 $4,175.3 Reformed Theological Seminary - Orlando, Oviedo 21 $216.6 $433.9 $200.1 $450.4 Seminole State College, Sanford 257 $1,663.2 $5,007.3 $297.4 $6,373.2

7 University of Central Florida, Orlando 1868 $34,673.5 $35,225.6 $22,937.0 $46,962.2 Congressional District: 24 Sandy Adams (R) $57,961.1

8 Methodology: How We Compute Economic Impact (2010) We define economic impact as the amount of money that foreign students collectively bring into the United States to pay for their education and to support themselves while they (and in some cases, their families) are here. The goal of our economic impact formula is to use data already collected for other purposes to provide a reasonable estimate of the economic resources that foreign students import to the United States to support their education here each year. The data sets used for these reports come from two sources: 1. The Institute of International Education s Open Doors 2010 report, funded by the Department of State, provides numbers of foreign students at universities and colleges throughout the United States during the academic year. In many cases, this data provide separate totals for undergraduate, graduate, and non degree students. ( 2. Wintergreen Orchard House provides cost figures for tuition, living, and miscellaneous expenses at U.S. institutions for the academic year ( The extensive data provided by these two sources (which collect it directly from surveys of the institutions involved) allow us to make our estimates sensitive to differences between institutions. However, there are still areas where our estimates and formulas could be improved. For example, we compute economic impact only for students reported in Open Doors. Universities that do not provide information to the Institute of International Education are not represented. Also, enrollment reports represent peak enrollment, and not necessarily enrollment levels throughout the year. Estimating Expenses Tuition, fees, living expenses, and dollar estimates are derived from Wintergreen Orchard House s data collected on surveys completed by institutions every year. We try to make our calculations sensitive not only to differing costs at institutions, but differing costs for ESL students, undergraduates, graduate students, and students on practical training. 1. Undergraduates and English Language Programs: The number of undergraduate students at an institution is specified by Open Doors data. Wintergreen Orchard House s data provide undergraduate tuition and fee amounts, oncampus room and board amounts, and miscellaneous expenses. These categories are sometimes broken down into averages for international, out-of-state, flat rate, and instate, students. When multiple averages are available, we choose averages in the order given above.

9 2. Graduate : The number of graduate students at an institution is specified by Open Doors data. Wintergreen Orchard Houses data provide graduate tuition and fee amounts, on-campus room and board amounts, and miscellaneous expenses. If there are no differentiated graduate expenses provided by an institution in the Wintergreen Orchard House s data, then the undergraduate expenses would be applied. 3. on Practical Training: We assume these students earn enough in their U.S. jobs to pay living and educational expenses for the year, and so import no funds for their support. Therefore, net economic impact of students in practical training is zero. Economic impact of an international student equals tuition and fees, plus room and board, plus miscellaneous figured at 50 percent of room and board, less U.S. support. We assume: (a) that spring enrollment figures are the same as the fall figures reported, (b) that all students are enrolled full time for two semesters or three quarters a year, and (c) that students live on campus for the full year. The miscellaneous expenses, enumerated in Wintergreen Orchard House s data, average about 40 percent of room and board expenses. We use a 50 percent figure as an approximation that includes all extra expenses except for travel. Estimating U.S. Support The Open Doors survey asks schools to report the percentage of their students who are self funded, the percentage that have U.S. source income, etc. The U.S. support percentage includes funding from a U.S. college or university, the U.S. Government, a U.S. private sponsor or current employment. For this analysis the percentages are calculated based upon the institution s Carnegie classification and the academic career of the student. For example, this process will differentiate the level of support between undergraduates and graduates at a particular research institution while it also differentiates between a baccalaureate classified institution from an associate s classified institution. Individual Institution Enrollment Figures For institutions with fewer than 10 international students enrolled, enrollment totals are suppressed for confidentiality reasons. In the reports, this is indicated by three asterisks (***).