ANNUAL REPORT 1992 THE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL HISTORY

Transcription

1 ANNUAL REPORT 1992 THE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL HISTORY

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3 ANNUAL REPORT 1992

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5 ANNUAL REPORT 1992 THE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL HISTORY

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7 CONTENTS GENERAL SURVEY 7 Policy ; International Relations 8; Acquisitions 10; Access 13; Preservation 14; Research 14; Publications 15; Exhibitions 16; Organization 16 THE INSTITUTE IN FIGURES 20 Appendix 1: BOARDS 23 Appendix 2: PERSONNEL 25 Appendix 3: GENERAL SERVICES 31 Appendix 4: RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 33 Current Research 33; Completed Research 34; Education 34 Appendix 5: PUBLISHING 35 Academie Publishing and Editing by IISH Staff 35 Professional Publications 37; Institute Publications 41 Appendix 6: MOST IMPORTANT STAFF MEMBERSHIPS OF COUNCILS, COMMITTEES AND EDITORIAL BOARDS 43 Appendix 7: LECTURES AND INTERVIEWS 47 Appendix 8: PARTICIPATION IN EXTERNAL CONGRESSES AND FOREIGN TRAVEL 51 Appendix 9: EXHIBITIONS CREATED WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF THE IISH 53 Appendix 10: LISTS AND INVENTORIES 55 Appendix 11: MOST IMPORTANT ACQUISITIONS 57 Appendix 12: INDEX

8 TT $>yerheipm>'ehsï 1 Jk.^R ü\v V ALARIKTtc 5TRÜDTMEL UMI r*xï*. S ; REACTIE; D5DICÏ15T 'Alarm! Against the reaction! Join the struggle of the modern Union of Workers in Government Service. Poster by Albert Hahn Jr, 1926 (Aquired in 1992) -6-

9 GENERAL SURVEY During the reporting year, new policy priorities formulated in 1991 were adopted and implementation initiated. At international level, the focus was on Central and Eastern Europe. And preparations were made for the introduction of improved information technology in many areas. Policy Having outgrown the scope of the reorganization blueprint approved by the Board in 1984, the Institute presented its policy paper over the period for approval to bofh the Boards of the IISH Foundation and the Royal Nefherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. The policy paper formalizes adjustments to the organization ensuing from the introduction of large-scale automation in 1987, the relocation to a new building two years later, and a semi-permanent reorientation on ends and means since that time. It also sets out new policy in almost every area of IISH activity, albeit with some reluctance. Long frozen government funding is now slowly decreasing. The Institute's coat has to be cut accordingly. Eschewing the 'cheese paring' mefhod, which indiscriminately shaves some percentage points off every budget item, IISH prefers to do less, but to do it better. Thus, it will concentrate more acutely on what it sees as its primary aim - providing an attractive infrastructure for the study of social history to the largest possible number of scholars. If staff cuts prove unavoidable, these will occur in the Research Department. If in any way feasible, the Collections Department will be strengthened. A new section will be created within the Collections Department to cluster subject indexing of all printed matter. The theoretical groundwork for this move has been carried out over the past few years in conjunction with the development of the Institute's visual information system, which adds digitalized images to the database. Practical application should be possible next year when new computer facilities will improve retrieval considerably. Much thought has been given to acquisition policy. One reason is because, of late, the IISH may have been too successful in this area. Since the 1987 reorganization, archive holdings have grown at three times the expected rate. The Institute's library collection increased by around 25 percent in 1989 alone. In 1988, the image and sound collection contained some 150,000 items; it is now estimated at close to a million. This may whet the appetite of researchers, but it is a nightmare for those responsible for storing or making the documents accessible in any significant way. Consequently, quality norms will become even higher and stricter, and more time will be spent on filling existing gaps. Drastic measures will be taken to cut down accumulated cataloguing backlogs. Other policy intentions relating to collections include: - more attention to indexing the Institute's vast collections of documentation; - conversion of archival access; - link-ups with main international data Communications networks; - 7 -

10 - continued focus on microfilming as principal method of conservation; - introduction of new services. The Research and Publications Department will continue to pursue the course foliowed since Staff will divide their time between individual research and the coordination of international projects. Present policy on the International Review of Social History and the IISH's monograph series is considered satisfactory and will not be subject to significant change. New on the agenda is the intended introduction of an international Ph.D. program, a plan discussed earlier with the Universities of Bielefeld, London and Maryland. International Relations Ever since the Communist regimes of Central and Eastern Europe began to crumble, the IISH has paid special attention to the new world of libraries and archives which is now becoming accessible. True to tradition, the Institute seeks to safeguard existing collections and to help build new ones. However, contrary to what became common practice (when the only solution to preserving endangered documents was fheir speedy removal to Amsterdam), the IISH now faces the even more difficult task of providing on-the-spot assistance to local institutions which are of immense importance for the future study of history, both national and international. History, and especially social history, in Central and Eastern Europe tends to have been compromised greatly by the ancien regime. Archives, many of which were supervised directly by state security organizations, are likewise affected. This is not the best basic scenario when the Institute is trying to survive unfavourable political trends and fmancial restraints. In the coming years, archives and libraries will be low on most priority lists and fheir keepers run the risk of having to close up shop just when billions of documents are becoming available for serious research. Given these circumstances, the IISH is concentrating on maintaining and improving the infrastructure of historical study in the countries concerned. It seeks to achieve this by alerting Western policy makers to the state of historical collections, and by defining concrete forms of cooperation with independent historians, archivists and librarians. In 1991, the Institute opened an office in Prague in collaboration with the Bibliofhèque de Documentation Internationale Contemporaine (BDIC, Nanterre), the Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli (Milan) and the Verein für Geschichte der Arbeiterbewegung (Vienna). In August of the reporting year, a Russian desk was created in Amsterdam, headed by Irina Rubcova, and in December, an office was established in Moscow. It is led by Irina Novicenko who works from a room in the Russian Centre for the Preservation and Research of Modern Historical Records (RCChLDNI), the former Central Party Archive, under a general cooperative agreement made in May The Institute's efforts received a major boost in September from a special aid fund set up by the Ministry of Education for the Commonwealth of Independent States. The fund is administered by the Netherlands Organization for Advanced Research, or NWO, and it granted funding totalling NLG 700,000 ($400,000) over a two-year period for IISH projects in cooperation with the Memorial Research and -8 -

11 Document Centre, the Socio-Political State Library (GOPB - the library of the former Marxism Leninism Institute), the Russian Federation State Archive (GARF, whose main component is the former Central State Archive of the October Revolution), the Russian Independent Institute for Social and National Problems (RNISNP) and the RCChIDNI - all in Moscow. By the end of 1992, the IISH was possibly the Russian Federation's most important single European partner in the field of history. Current projects include research (RCChIDNI, RNISNP, the Oral History Laboratory of the Moscow State University for the Humanities, the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences), publications (RCChIDNI, GARF), scholarships (Institute of World History), indexing (RCChIDNI, GARF, Memorial), microfilming (RCChIDNI, Memorial), training programs (RCChIDNI, GARF, GOPB), conferences (Historical Public State Library, RCChIDNI, Institute of World History), exhibitions (Memorial, RCChIDNI, GARF, Centre for Preservation of Contemporary Documents), and material aid (GOPB, GARF). Good relations were maintained with the Russian Committee on Archival Affairs and the Ministry of Culture. All in all, for most of the year, the Institute paid the salaries of more than 80 Russian researchers, archivists and librarians. Meanwhile, in May, the Prague office published a comprehensive overview of the state of social-history collections in Czechoslovakia, written by Ladislas Nikicek and Stanislas Sisler and financed by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. The overview showed that the Czech archives and libraries are not any better off than those in the former Soviet Union. However, after a brief surge in the wake of the Velvet Revolution, Western interest has slumped markedly now that Moscow's archival wealth is becoming accessible. And the funding has foliowed that trend. Although the EC's Tempus program provides for exchanges in the field of education, the material basis for historical research continues to lack much-needed Financial aid. For the time being, the XXIII Annual Conference of the International Association of Labour History Institutions (IALHI), organized by the Prague office in August, could do little more than confirm this depressing state of affairs. Partly as a result of developments in Central and Eastern Europe, the Institute's relations with certain sister organizations were further strengthened. Most notably, the Feltrinelli Foundation and BDIC, with whom the IISH was already cooperating in Latin America, agreed to take part in a whole series of joint projects. Old ties with the Maison des Sciences de 1'Homme (Paris) and the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace (Standford, Ca.) were renewed and new ones established with the Association de Chercheurs du Mouvement Ouvrier International (Paris). A great number of sister institutes made extensive use of the IISH's indepth knowledge of Eastern Europe for research and other purposes. In this respect, the Institute was particularly pleased to assist its friends from the Archive and Museum of the Socialist labour Movement (AMSAB) of Ghent in rediscovering important Belgian records presumed lost since the Second World War. In the new Germany, close contacts were maintained with the Friedrich-Ebert Stiftung which was reorganizing its headquarters in Bonn and sought advice on - 9-

12 automated access. Long-standing cooperation with its Trier subsidiary, the Karl Marx Haus, focussed on the continuation of the Marx-Engels Gesamtausgabe (see below). In contrast, the Institute was approached by the Hamburg Stiftung für Sozialgeschichte which was obliged to lay off its whole staff in August, and by the Berlinbased Institut für Zeitgeschichtliche Jugendforschung (IZJ), the embattled keeper of the records of the former Free German Youth Organization, which was also on the verge of insolvency. Life outside the academie establishment is obviously getting harder between the Rhine and the Oder. In May/June, an IISH delegation went to the PRC. In Beijing, visits were paid to the Translation Bureau of the Central Committee, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences' Documentation Centre, the National Library and the Central Party School's History department. In Shanghai, the delegation was received by the history departments of Nanjing University and the International Studies University, and by the city's Municipal Archives. Relations with IALHI, the International Association of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), the Fédération Internationale de la Documentation, and the International Council on Archives (ICA) continued as usual. At the latter's congress held in Montreal in September, Jaap Kloosterman was reelected to the Steering Committee of its Business and Labour Archives section. Special programs were developed for the annual trainee sent by Magee College, University of Ulster, and a group of nine staff members from GARF, GOPB and RCChIDNI, who spent a week in the Netherlands to study Dutch archival practices and librarianship. As in previous years, numerous foreign colleagues visited the Institute to take a closer look at its system of automated access, especially to pictures. Acquisitions In view of the workload generated by the IISH's Eastern-European programs, which placed great strain on the Collections Department, the Board decided to adjust budgets to fill the five-year vacancy for a head of Research Services Section. Among the main tasks facing Co Seegers, a former Chief Librarian at the Economie History Library who gained the appointment, is the reevaluation of the Institute's acquisition policy. As mentioned above, rapid growth in acquisitions over recent years has overburdened storage space and caused a backlog in listing and cataloguing. Yet, this policy review is not based solely on negative factors. The social and political environment in which, traditionally, the IISH operates has undergone profound changes in recent decades. Highly decentralized and often ephemeral new social movements and single-issue groups are proliferating. Interest in older forms of organized labour is declining in some places, part as a result of the no doubt temporary collapse of Communist power and ideology. On a different level, the availability of cheap reproduction and communication facilities offered by computers or video cameras would seem to have removed all restraints on those who wish to express their views. All these developments greatly affect the collector. By the end of the reporting year, staff were engaged in a lively discussion on Seegers' first policy paper

13 The Institute's above-mentioned efforts to sustain the IZJ generated a string of events which were remarkable by any standards. When contact was established initially, the Berlin institution had already been involved in negotiations on the ultimate fate of its collections for some considerable time. As no agreement could be reached, and other solutions failed to materialize, it submitted proposals to the IISH which were considered acceptable. As a result, the Institute acquired all the IZJ's collections in December. These totalled more than three linear kilometres (or close to half the IISH's archival holdings at that time). It was agreed that they would remain in Berlin and continue to be accessible to researchers, while listing would be accelerated. Only days after the announcement was made, representatives of the agency responsible for the privatization of eastern Germany's state-owned possessions, Treuhandanstalt, contested the IZJ's rights to the Free German Youth records. The agency then tried to confiscate these and other materials painstakingly collected by the Berliners. Although a court order has temporarily blocked the attempt, by year's end the IISH was embroiled in a legal battle totally unprecedented in its history. Apart from the IZJ holdings, 81 new archives and collections and 77 increments to existing collections were acquired, resulting in a grand total of 477 linear metres. This is just over half the volume received in the previous year, although the figure is somewhat distorted as receipt of the General Union of Workers in Education's large archive was postponed. The substantial fall in volume was the result of the previously noted change in acquisition policy, especially with regard to Dutch collections. Noteworthy new acquisitions included the papers of Jeanne and Eugène Humbert, protagonists of French Neomalthusian and pacifist movements; the Demokratische Sozialisten party archive; and a series of Egyptian Communist papers, some from exiles in Paris. Foremost among Dutch acquisitions were the records of the Turkish Workers' Association in Holland, including documents pertaining to its late chairman, N. Karaman, and the archive of the Uilenspiegelclub, an independent Communist youth organization. Early in 1992, representatives of the former Turkish Labour Party, a large section of whose archive had been taken to the Soviet Union, made an agreement with the IISH whereby the Institute would recover, list and microfilm the records. In spite of continued efforts, at year-end they had not yet been traced. In late 1991, disclosures by a former executive of Moscow's Central Special State Archive had set IISH staff on the track of a number of collections which disappeared during the Second World War. This top-secret establishment, now rechristened the Centre of the Preservation of Historical Documentary Collections, or CChlPK, proved to have in its possession a considerable number of Dutch records which had been seized by the Nazis during the Occupation and which had subsequently fallen into Soviet State Security hands at the end of the war. In the spring of 1992, Dutch and Russian archivists reached an agreement for the return of these documents by June of that year. However, restoration was delayed for a number of assorted reasons beyond Dutch control. The Institute's case is particularly complex because the

14 f' 'OJ JX$ W^tff: (SHUtfl j 1«(-4^tós*-w -J?4 : <-*oj ) a.^ji ^ J! _i!k.-ji Jl,l J o»./* 3 O^UJ-JI^JU- fu»jf «J,-dl touil jy.1 St~npS> ^0^5. _,&>-% oio. 5.,: ^^ix «.«tdi: «uji«~ -bh : JJ^I,,,, -, c«hli 'The voice of the peasants', bulletin published by the Unified Communist Party of Egypt at the eve of the Suez crisis, 1956 (Papers of Egyptian Communists, acquired in 1992)

15 majority of the 69 IISH files listed among the Dutch collections had been transferred to various ofher Soviet archives and libraries from the 1950s onwards, while others, eg. the papers of Josef Bloch, the editor of the Sozialistische Monatshefte, have been identified among the CChlPK's German records. At the same time, the IISH may be the first institution to have had at least some part of its assets returned. In May, Kiril Anderson, the Director of RCChIDNI, presented the Institute wifh microfilms of files from the IISH's pre-war Paris subsidiary which had been discovered in the former Central Party Archive. Whether much is to follow remains to be seen. Developments at the end of 1992 did not augur well for a continuation of the blooming Russian cultural liberalism which had been displayed earlier that year. Access Extensive preparations were made for the replacement of the Institute's main computer system. A request for tenders was sent out in early summer and by the end of the year, the choice had been narrowed down to Dynix and Geac. Whatever the outcome, the new configuration due for installation in mid-1993 will in no way resemble the old one. Running on a general-purpose Unix machine instead of on the present dedicated Geac 8000, the library software will operate a database structured on relational, rather fhan sequential, principles. Moreover, office automation will be fully integrated into the library network, easing both workflow and maintenance. Anticipating the change, staff began initial arrangements for inputting archival holdings into the bibliographic database, and for the improved functioning of the Institute's old classification system, whose codes were attached to the vast majority of monographs. The classification itself is being outphased gradually, and will be replaced by the word-based system already in use for the visual information project. This project, started in 1988, continued data entry of main sections of the photographic collection and was nearing completion at the end of Realization of the next phase - data entry of posters scheduled for depends on the allocation of additional financial support from government fhrough the Netherlands Office for Libraries and Information Services, which is an important partner in the project. In a separate development, a government grant obtained through the Royal Academy enabled the Institute to start looking into the possibilities offered by scanning and optical character recognition. A broad range of new services based on these technologies is being evaluated in collaboration with the Netherlands Historical Data Archive. In discussions with SurfNet, the Dutch academie network, and the California-based Research Libraries Network (RLIN), the Institute is exploring the best way to make available its bibliographic database to external researchers. At present, access is limited to the Amsterdam libraries cooperating in Adam Net. As a result of this and of the fact that, in 1992, workstations outnumbered staff, the Institute can no longer manage without an automation department, something it has successfully avoided until now. Steps have been taken to create this department in early

16 As usual, listing of archives and collections focussed on keeping pace with material inflows, while close attention was paid to appraisal. Following consultations with the Dutch Trades Union Confederation (FNV), a special screening project led to the removal of 523 linear metres of its voluminous records. A project for listing the substantial archive of De Centrale, a labour insurance and savings banks, was completed and the inventory will be published in early 1993; funding was provided by the company. A start was made on the listing of the former Dutch Communist Party's (CPN) records. This is another project with third-party funding, notably from the Prins Bernhard Fonds. Cataloguing of books and serials increased by 15 percent compared to the previous year. The bibliographic database grew to 650,000 records, which represents an increase of 4.6 percent. Continuous efforts were made to eliminate the remaining backlog, while special procedures were devised to speed up matters in Under a government retaining program, additional staff began cataloguing fhose sections of the New Social Movements' collection which had been inaccessible. Preservation Microfilming archives and printed matter is still considered the only feasible way of coping with the decaying paper problem. It continued as usual. In addition, Huub Sanders completed a survey of microfilms of the major serials of the Second International, based on the holdings of IALHI members. Research The International Academie Advisory Committee chaired by Wim Roobol met in Amsterdam for a two-day session in September. The first day, a joint meeting with the International Editorial Advisory Committee, was devoted to a discussion on 'The Object of Labour History'. On the second, the Academie Committee has every opportunity to criticize the Institute's research program and it did so with great relish. Although it praised highly the workload taken on by the IISH's relatively small Research Department, the committee was unanimous in describing the number of current projects as over-ambitious. Obviously, it has been difficult to choose between the numerous opportunities that presented themselves in recent years and will continue to do so in the foreseeable future. Yet, stricter coherence in policy, combined with deliberated scholarly programs may solve most of the ensuing difficulties. In October, the Institute hosted a conference on the Communist International. More than 50 participants from over 30 countries contributed papers on their respective regions and on the central bodies of the Comintern and its affiliates. The conference, whose preparations by lürgen Rojahn had been ongoing since 1989, aimed at taking stock of existing sources and research with a view to future work in the now accessible Comintern papers in Moscow. An international conference on the history of mutual benefit societies held in Paris on 1-3 December had similarly been coordinated by Marcel van der Linden and Jan Lucassen over the past two years. More than 30 scholars submitted papers on as many countries - 14-

17 according to a pre-defined questionnaire. An initiative of the IALHI, the conference was organized by the Institut de Coopération Sociale Internationale (Paris) and sponsored by the main organizations of French Mutualism. Both meetings will result in fundamental publications which are bound to be indispensable for researchers in the field for a long time to come. On a smaller scale, Erik Zürcher organized a workshop on 'The Development and Characteristics of the Turkish Industrial Working Class, ' in March. In October, a symposium on 'The Historiography of Dutch Social-Democracy' discussed the state of research on the movements concerned, and inventoried lacunae and desiderata. The Institute agreed with Leiden University to establish a special program on migration; one component will be an international conference on 'Migration and Settlement in a Historical Perspective' to be held in Coopération with other Dutch academie institutions increased, most notably with the post-graduate network on 19th and 20th-century history, Amsterdam University's Asian Studies Centre and the N.W. Posthumus Institute at Utrecht University. The latter received considerable funding under a new government program for the creation of Research Schools. The Institute has long been used to receiving scholars funded through international cultural agreements. This year it was host to, among others, Li Yuzhen and Du Weihua of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Andrea Kozary of the Hungarian Ministry of the Interior, Olga Lagovskaya of the Moscow State University of the Humanities. However, 1992 was the first year it was able to extend an invitation to a Visiting Fellow. In September, Richard Price of the University of Maryland began a ten-month stay at the Institute to prepare, with Marcel van der Linden, a project on 'Labour Movements and State Formation'. Another first was the establishment of two one year scholarships at the Centre for the History of Social Through at Moscow's Institute of World History, and another at the History Department of Nanjing University. Publications Meeting in Amsterdam in September, the International Editorial Advisory Committee proved to have a rather favourable opinion of the Institute's publication policy. It recommended further expansion of the scope of the International Review of Social History, both geographically (by also looking outside OECD countries) and in time (by paying closer attention to early modern history). It was feit that a number of corresponding editors should be appointed. Eager to secure wider circulation for its main serial publication, the Institute renegotiated the Review's contract. In 1993, it will cross the North Sea to Cambridge University Press, which will provide editing facilities. Instead of the normal three annual issues, four will now be published, one of which will also appear in monograph form. Certain changes in format are planned; both the heavily-used bibliography and the well-read 'News of the Profession' will be expanded. Meanwhile, in response to a growing number of requests for information, the Institute has started publishing two newsletters, an - 15-

18 occasional Bulletin of Central and East-European Activities and the bi-annual Izler on IISH work on and in Turkey. The fact that the continuation of the Marx-Engels Gesamtausgabe can be considered assured for the time being was a cause of much satisfaction. To a great extent, this is due to the intervention of IISH staff, notably Jürgen Rojahn, the secretary of the International Marx-Engels foundation which assumed responsibility for the publication in In February, IMES signed an agreement with the Conference of German Academies of Sciences which allowed for the creation of a MEGA-group in Germany. Another - Franco-German - group began work from Trier and Aix-en-Provence. The Institute is now funding two Russian groups based at RCChIDNI and RNISNP respectively. New editorial principles for MEGA were laid down at a workshop held in Aix-en-Provence in March. Special mention should be made of an effort to resuscitate the publication of the collected works of Michail Bakunin, of which eight volumes appeared as Archives Bakounine between 1961 and Based on a feasibility study carried out by Bernedine Bos preparations are now under way to produce a CD-ROM edition of all known writings of the Russian revolutionary in original languages. Three Eastern European serial publications, the Czech review Historicke Listy, the annual Istorija Socialisticeskych Uncenij, and the Naunco-Informacionnyi Bjulleten' of RCChIDNI, were sponsored by the Institute. In addition, it co-financed (with BDIC and Feltrinelli) the printing of the first volume (on 1895) of a chronicle of the pre-1917 Russian labour movement prepared by the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Russian Historical State Archive and the Institute of Russian History of the Academy of Sciences. Exhibitions Of the exhibitions held at the Institute, the most fascinating was undoubtedly 'Beyond the Friendship of Peoples: anti-semitism and nationalism at the end of the Soviet Era', which was mounted during September/October. It was prepared by Boris Belenkin of Memorial and Marina Razorenova of Moscow's Institute of Humanitarian-Political Research, and designed by Michail Gnedovsky. Preparations for an exhibition of unknown documents from the Russian archives which is scheduled for November 1993 were ongoing throughout the year. Organization In 1989, the Royal Academy embarked on a profound reorganization which led to modifications of its administrative structure. As these were found to conflict with the IISH structure as agreed with the IISH Foundation, which owns the Institute's collections, the Boards of both organizations sought to redefine their mutual relations. This proved no easy task. After two years of debate focussing on the 1979 contract, both parties agreed to disagree. An intermediate solution was worked out for the next three years - frequent consultations to prevent friction in day-to-day business. Preparations were made for further streamlining of the Institute's internal - 16-

19 organization. A new planning system, mainly Henk Wals' work. was designed for introduction in Although the Institute's building still has ample space for extending storage and staff facilities, efforts were made to improve utilization of existing repositories. The Royal Academy granted funds for the replacement of fixed by compact shelving, thus increasing capacity of the archive stacks by two linear kilometres. Eric J. Fischer - 17-

20 Onion peeling in the Bommelerwaard (1938?) (CoUection: Het Vrije Volk, acquired in 1992) Sauerkraut production in the province of North Holland (1 November 1951) (CoUection: Het Vrije Volk, acquired in 1992) - 18-

21 Ploughing (ca 1950) (Collection: Het Vrije Volk, acquired in 1992) 'Vesper'-meal (at 4 p.m.) in the fields during the rye harvest (July 1953) (Collection: Het Vrije Volk, acquired in 1992) - 19-

22 THE IISH IN FIGURES Collections Records in bibliographical database Workstations Terminals Personal computers 616, , New books and pamphlets bought Subscriptions to new periodicals Cancelled subscriptions to periodicals Archives acquired in linear metres Photos acquired Negatives and slides acquired Posters acquired Flags, banners, etc. acquired Audio-carriers acquired Books and periodicals catalogued 5, , , ,420 5, , ,006 Answers to written requests Phone calls answered by reading room Visitors to reading room Foreign visiting scholars Visitors to Sound & Vision Section Inter-library loans Archival units consulted Books consulted Periodicals consulted Microfilms and fiches consulted Documentation files consulted Microfilm shots Preserved printed works Books bound Periodicals bound Sheets of newsprint restored 360 2,227 5, ,487 13,210 6,854 1, , , , ,568 6, ,048 12,900 6, , , ,

23 Research and Publications Academie books published or edited by IISH staff Academie articles published by IISH staff Books and pamphlets published by IISH General Services Duplicate films Microfiches Photographs Negatives Slides Reader-printer copies Photocopies Total number of photocopies made at IISH -21 -

24 i Notes on the situation in Sulaymaniyah made by J.H. Kramers during his voyage through Kurdistan as a member of a Commission of the League of Nations assigned to determine the boarder between Turkey and Iraq in 1925 (Papers of J.H. Kramers, acquired in 1992). -22-

25 APPENDIX 1: BOARDS In 1992, the combined boards of the Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), IISH Institute and the IISH Foundation consisted of the following members: H.M. van de Kar (chair) Dr D. van Arkel J.B.J. Bollerman Dr J.S. Cramer W. Polak Dr W.H. Roobol A. de Ruijter D. Visser The board met on January 20, February 19, April 29, June 24, September 30, and December 9. The meetings were attended by Eric Fischer, Jaap Kloosterman and Henk Wals. Personnel interests were represented by either Peter Manasse or Mariëtte Wolf. The executive committee consisted of Hans van de Kar, Jan Bollerman, Dick Visser and Wim Roobol. Theo van Tijn, who had been a IISH board member from 1973 through 1989, died on August 20. The Institute owes him a debt of gratitude for his long-standing dedication. The International Editorial Advisory Committee consisted of the following members: Dr P.C.W. Gutkind (Warwick) Dr H. Kaelble (Berlin) Dr R. Kumar (New Dehli) Dr D. Montgomery (New Haven, Conn.) Dr I. Roxborough (New York) Dr J. Saville (Huil) Dr J. Schlumbohm (Göttingen) Dr Ch. Tilly (New York) Dr M. Vovelle (Paris) The committee met on September The International Academie Advisory Board comprised the following members: Dr R.T. Griffiths (Florence) Dr C. Lis (Brussels) Dr W.H. Roobol (chair) (Amsterdam) Dr P. de Rooij (Amsterdam) Dr K. Tenfelde (Bielefeld) Dr Ch. Tilly (New York) Dr H. van der Wee (Leuven/Louvain) The board met on September

26 'Hands off the free Saturday'. Demonstration by construction workers (October 1963) (Collection: Het Vrije Volk, acquired in 1992) March of striking Amsterdam dockworkers (Raadhuisstraat, 23 October 1963) (Collection: Het Vrije Volk, acquired in 1992)

27 APPENDIX 2: PERSONNEL In 1992, the following people left the Institute: A. Versteege (Archivist), K. Soenarjo (Research Assistant), P.AJ. van Miert and B.J.M, van Roosendaal (both Sampling Dutch Population Project within the framework of alternative national service), S.M.M. Gabriëls (The Netherlands Press Museum), W. Schindowski (ID-Archiv), A.A. Koffijberg (Access Department) and L. Hoffmann (Access Social Documentation Collection, within the framework of a Work Experience Placement Program). The following people changed department or job this year: H. Drieman was promoted from assistent-binder to binder/restorer, M. Bilgen (divides work time between the Research Department and the Archive Department), U. Langkau-Alex (moved from the Research Department to the Visual Information Project), J. Pansier (moved from the Reception to the Visual Information Project), T. Zwakhals (moved from the Netherlands Press Museum to the Visual Information Project). In 1992, the staff consisted of the following persons: A. MANAGEMENT Dr E.J. Fischer, Directer J.J.L.M. Kloosterman, Deputy directer B. GENERAL SERVICES H. Wals, MA, Head Personnel Department M.J. Cornelissen Y.M. Bakker (from 1 November)* Administration S.E. Foen A Foe, Accountant (until 1 December) M.C.H, van Etten*, Accountant (from 1 February) Y.M. Bakker The following people joined the Institute in the reporting year: M.C.H, van Etten (Accountant), Dr F.N. Pieke and E.H. Khoo (Chinese People's Movement 1989 Project), J.J. Seegers (Head of Research Services), J.A.G.M. van Genabeek (Arbeiders Levensverzekeringen Project), L.P. Verkade (Sound and Vision Department, within the framework of alternative national service), P. van Kampen (The Netherlands Press Museum, within the framework of alternative national service), A.F. Duran, S.G.J. Moreel, M. Wahedi, L. Hoffmann and J. van der Hoef (Access Social Documentation Collection, within the framework of a Work Experience Placement Program), B. Bos (Bakunin Project), R.S. van der Sande (Publication Department, within the framework of alternative national service), L.H.F. Mekel (Sampling Dutch Population Project, within the framework of alternative national service), G.A. Slob (Reception), G.E. Tummers (Assistent Binder), TM. Zwakhals (Sound and Vision Department). -25-

28 Secretariat A.M.C. Woudstra, Head I. Blok A.M. Bronner-Maars Technical Services J.H.G. Staphorst, Head A.G.M. Lambrechts H. Luhrs Internat Services G.M. Langedijk, Head M. de L. Bernardo-Dos Santos Rodrigues S. Plasier-Fritz* Reception J. Pansier (until 1 August) G.A. Slob MA (from 1 August) A.E. Wank C. RESEARCH DEPARTMENT Senior Research Fellows Dr U. Langkau-Alex Prof. Dr J.M.W.G. Lucassen Prof. Dr A.J. Saich* Dr F. Tichelman Dr EJ. Zürcher Dr H. Wiedijk** Research Fellows D.E. Devreese MA J.A.G.M. van Genabeek MA* J. van Gerwen MA* K.M. Hofmeester MA* J.E.R.C. Rojahn, MA Research Assistants U.B.E. Balzer J.A.W. Gielkens P.A. Lourens N.W. Markus MA L.E.G. Schwidder K. Soenarjo (until 1 September)** Bakunin Project B. Bos MA* (from 1 June) -26-

29 D. PUBLICATIONS DEPARTMENT Dr M.M. van der Linden, Head A.W. Blok MA* F.G. Hilfman R.S. van der Sande MA* (from 9 June) E. COLLECTIONS DEPARTMENT El: Research Services JJ. Seegers MA, Head (from 1 June) M.A.H. Campfens MA T. Duijker-Commijs M.C.J. van der Heijden MA* R. de Jong MA G.H.J. Langkau MA P. van Kampen MA (The Netherlands Press Museum, from 27 April)* J.J. Quast MA CL. Rodenburg MA L.J. van Rossum MA M. Schrevel MA CE. Wagenaar MA M.H.B.B. Wolf MA (The Netherlands Press Museum)* Dr E.J. Zürcher T.M. Zwakhals MA (The Netherlands Press Museum, until 6 April))* ID-Archiv im IISG A. Diederich* W. Schindowski* Visual Information Project H.J.M. Duijsings MA* A.C.J.M. Elsinghorst MA* Dr U. Langkau-Alex (from 1 March)* J. Pansier* (from 1 August)) E.H.J.L. de Ruijter MA* R. Vivié MA* H.G. Vuurmans MA* T. Zwakhals MA (from 15 June)* L.P. Verkade MA (from 27 april)* Social Movements Documentation Project T. van Tijen* A.E Duran (from 1 May)* J. van der Hoef MA (from 1 September)* L. Hoffmann (from 1 May until 1 September)* S.G.J. Moreel (from 1 May)* M. Wahedi (from 1 May)* -27-

30 E2: Access Services A.H. van der Horst, Archivist J.R. Hofman MA, Assistant Archivist G.J. Sierink, Head, Books and Serials, Automation C. Marinus, Administrative Assistant Archives M. Bakker (6 January-13 March)"* T.H. de Boer E. Bijl (1 February-15 June)*" A. Condra (27 April-30 May)*" A.C.J.M. Elsinghorst MA* S.M.M. Gabriëls MA (The Netherlands Press Museum)* J. Haag MA B. Hijma MA H.D. Hondius C. Smit H.M. van Veen MA A. Versteege (until 1 June)* Library M. Bilgen C. Dickhoff C. Faber G.R. van der Ham MA S.L. Hazewinkel (The Netherlands Press Museum)* R.A. van der Heide E. Jongert L.Y. Kist A.A. Koffijberg (until 1 December) A. Kors W.E. Maasland J.J.M.T. Moorman* D.J. Mulder M.I. Schreiner W.J. Vooren J.S. Zwaan Exchange Bureau L.C. van der Sluijs MA Project Chinese People's Movement, spring-summer 1989 Dr F. Pieke* E.H. Khoo* Project Historische Steekproef Nederlandse Bevolking CA. Mandemakers MA* L.H.F. Mekel MA (from 15 June)* P.A.J. van Miert MA (until 3 September)* B.J.M, van Roosendaal MA* -28 -

31 E3: Public Services H.A. Sanders MA, Head Information A.M.J. IJzermans Reading Room E.W. Molenaar M.B. van der Pal W.C. Tijssen Preservation P.M. Manasse Bindery J.A.M. Drieman, Head S. Mertens (until 1 May)" G.E. Tummers (until 1 May)** G.E. Tummers (from 1 May) Storerooms R. Gerringa, Head E. Kool K. van Schaik Temporary appointments Volunteers ** Trainees TRAINING As in previous years, the Institute enabled some staff members to receive additional training The following members benefited from this program by taking the following courses: Y.M. Bakker: Lotus 123 spreadsheet software M. Bilgen: basic library training M.C. Cornelissen: Lotus 123 spreadsheet software J.A.M. Drieman: manual book-binding and paper-restoration B. Hijma: post graduate archivist training E.H. Khoo: Dutch language training A. Kors: basic library training A.G.M. Lambrechts: photography N.W. Markus: history L.E.G. Schwidder: history C. Smit: history -29-

32 The Hullenaar brothers with the charter awarded to them by the 'Lekker Dier' Foundation, which promotes ecological sound breeding methods (May 1983). In the background the farmers' band 'the Beet Lifters' (CoUection: Het Vrije Volk, acquired in 1992) Copyright: Anefo -30-

33 APPENDIX 3: GENERAL SERVICES No major changes took place in the general services department during In addition to its usual work-load, this department was also involved in the organization of congresses and meetings; the Comintern Congress from October 1 to 3, and the European Cities and their People Congress from September 4 to 5, both entailed a great amount of work. Until October, when Tine Sierink took over, Annemarie Woudstra was responsible for the PC support group and for contacts with suppliers of hardware and software. During the book year, the in-house services department handled 9 conferences, 22 external meetings, 14 receptions, and a large number of smaller or internal meetings. The automation steering group consisted of Jaap Kloosterman, Tine Sierink, Henk Wals and Annemarie Woudstra. Executive work related to personal computers and printers was carried out by a PC support group, consisting of Aad Blok, Jack Hofman, Piet Lourens, Nico Markus, Huub Sanders, Els Wagenaar, Jenneke Quast, Hans Staphorst and Annemarie Woudstra

34 Mt wy J/Wltsf" ~-$ X""» Ij 10. Menu of the 'dinner of the gay condoms', 1910 (Papers of the French neo-malthusianists Eugène and Jeanne Humbert, acquired in 1992). -32-

35 APPENDIX 4: RESEARCH AND EDUCATION A. Current Research - In May 1993 Bernedine Bos started a feasibility study on the publication of the complete works of M.A. Bakunin on CD-ROM. This study was finished in December, and concluded that technical, organizational and financial means are adequate for such a publication. The project will be finished in June 1997 and is being coordinated by Bernadine Bos. The Bakunin specialists Nikita Kolpinski and Vladimir Mosolov of the former Institute of Marxism-Leninism in Moscow are taking part in the project. Besides taking care of the microfilm collection of (newly discovered) original Bakunin manuscripts, they are attempting transcriptions. - Eric Fischer participated in advisory committees on historical research on the insurers De Centrale, AMEV and Nationale Nederlanden. - Jan Gielkens assisted Jürgen Rojahn on a variety of projects. - Rudolf de Jong supervised a number of Ph.D dissertations and advised the NWO and the Czech Academy of Sciences on research projects. - Ursula Langkau-Alex worked on editing an annotated documentary, including nine introductions by different authors, on the 'Council for a Democratie Germany' (New York, ). In January, she prepared for the press her lecture on 'Women Emigrés in the Netherlands', delivered at the international conference on 'Women in Emigration after 1933' in Washington, DC, at the end of November, Jan Lucassen continued his work for the 'Reisepredigt' project which included participation in workshops in Berlin (27-29 February) and Bochum (28-30 May); acted as coördinator of the 'Geschiedenis van Nederland in een vergelijkend perspectief, ca ) session at the Fryske Akademy Leeuwarden (3-5 May). From September 1, he worked at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in Wassenaar to co-lead (with Carel Davids) an international workgroup on the comparative history of the Netherlands, ca Frank Pieke and Agnes Khoo worked on the new 'State and Civil Society in Chinese Cultures' research project. Dr Pieke continued his research on the impact of Chinese reforms on Chinese local society and the 1989 Chinese People's Movement. In May 1992, he received a Ph.D in Cultural Anthropology from the University of California at Berkeley. - The work on the source publication on the history of the Socialist International during the First World War ('Stockholm' project), prepared by the IISH (Jürgen Rojahn) in cooperation with labour history research institutes in Stockholm, Copenhagen and Antwerp, was continued. The manuscript of the Dittmann memoirs, edited by Mr Rojahn, will be completed in Tony Saich organized the academie side of the Paleis Lezing, Amsterdam, 19 May

36 - Erik Zürcher organized the second and third 'workshop on the social history of Turkey'. The second workshop (held on January, 26-27) was chaired by Mete Tuncay of Istanbul and dealt with 'Socialism and Nationalism: the role of the different communities in the development of the socialist movement in the Ottoman Empire'. It was attended by eight scholars from eight countries. The third workshop (held on March, 29-30) was chaired by Donald Quataert of Binghamton, NY, and had as its subject 'The development of the industrial workforce in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey between 1850 and 1950'. It was attended by nine participants from four countries. B. Completed Research - More than 50 specialists from more than 30 countries attended the conference on the history of the Communist International and its national sections organized by Jürgen Rojahn in October. This conference rounded off the first phase of the Comintern project, and resulted in 57 articles providing an overview of the current state of research. - The volumes 1/20 and II/4.2 of the Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe (MEGA), prepared by the responsible former editorial board, were published. - Erik Zürcher finished the manuscript of a book called 'A History of Turkey, ', which will be published in London in 1993 and which is intended primarily as a handbook for university students. C. Education - Eric Fischer continued teaching at the University of Nijmegen (until September). - Jan Lucassen continued teaching at the Free University in Amsterdam. - Frank Pieke taught undergraduate courses and supervised MA thesis work at the University of Leiden. - Erik Zürcher continued teaching at the University of Nijmegen

37 APPENDIX 5: PUBLISHING A. Academie publishing and editing by IISH-staff Mies Campfens et al. (eds), Biografisch Woordenboek van het Socialisme en de Arbeidersbeweging in Nederland, vol. 5. Amsterdam: Stichting beheer IISG, XXII pp. Daisy E. Devreese, 'Ambachten, arbeidsmarkt en arbeidersbeweging. Vorming van de moderne arbeidersbeweging te Brussel, ', in: Boudien de Vries et al. (eds), De Kracht der Zwakken. Studies over arbeid en arbeidersbeweging in het verleden [IISG: Studies + Essays 18], Jan Gielkens, 'Zehn Briefe von Lion, Nanette und August Philips an Karl Marx, Jenny Marx und Jenny Marxjr., ', in: Van der Linden, Die Rezeption der Marxschen Theorie in den Niederlanden, Karin Hofmeester, '"In den kerk Israëlieten"...en daarbuiten? De identiteit van de joodse minderheid in Nederland ', Ex Tempore. Historisch tijdschrift KU Nijmegen vol. 11, Ursula Langkau-Alex, 'Die Einschatzung von Bewegung und Politik der Volksfront durch die linkssozialistische deutsche Gruppe "Neu Beginnen'", in: Centenaire Jules Humbert- Droz. Colloque sur ITnternationale communiste, La Chaux-de-Fonds: Fondation Jules Humbert-Droz, Ursula Langkau-Alex, 'Fritz Lieb und die Volksfront-Politik. Der Weg zum "Bund freiheitlicher Sozialisten'", in: Manfred Karnetzki/Karl-Johann Rese (eds), Fritz Lieb. Ein europaischer Christ und Sozialist. Eine Dokumentation der Evangelischen Akademie Berlin im Evangelischen Bildungswerk. Berlin: Evangelische Akademie Berlin, Ursula Langkau-Alex, 'Die Zukunft der Vergangenheit oder Die Zukunft der Zukunft?', in: Hélène Roussel/Lutz Winckler (eds), Deutsche Exilpresse und Frankreich Bern etc: Peter Lang, Ursula Langkau-Alex, 'The Spanish Civil War and Popular Front Conflicts', in: Luis Costa/Richard Critchfield/Richard Golsan/Wulf Koepke (eds), German and International Perspectives on the Spanish Civil War: The Aesthetics of Partisanship. Columbia, S.C., Camden House, Ursula Langkau-Alex, 'Der Kampffür die Demokratie und den Frieden.' Die Debatte in der Sozialistischen Arbeiter-Internationale 1938/1939. IISG Research Paper, Zweite, urn Literatur erweiterte Auflage. 63 pp. 1 All publication listed below were published in 1992 unless otherwise stated

38 Marcel van der Linden, Von der Oktoberrevolution zur Perestroika. Der westliche Marxismus und die Sowjetunion, Frankfurt/M.: dipa Verlag. 348 pp. Marcel van der Linden (ed.), Die Rezeption der Marxschen Theorie in den Niederlanden [Schriften aus dem Karl-Marx-Haus, vol. 45], Trier: Karl-Marx-Haus. 504 pp. Marcel van der Linden, 'Marx und Engels, der niederlandische Marxismus und "die kapitalistische Musternation des 17. Jahrhunderts'", in: Van der Linden, Die Rezeption der Marxschen Theorie in den Niederlanden, Marcel van der Linden, 'Neue Überlegungen zum Leninismus', Beitrage zur Geschichte der Arbeiterbewegung, vol. 34, No. 1, Marcel van der Linden, 'De voorgeschiedenis van het industrieel kapitalisme in Nederland. Aantekeningen bij een "marxistische" analyse', Kritiek, vol. II, Marcel van der Linden [and Jan Willem Stutje], De Nederlandse vakbeweging, haar basis en de staat. Een lange-termijn perspectief. IISG Research Paper, No pp. Marcel van der Linden [and Wayne Thorpe],' Auge y decadencia del sindicalismo revolucionario', Historia Social, No. 12, Marcel van der Linden [and Wayne Thorpe], 'Essor et déclin du syndicalisme révolutionnaire', Le Mouvement Social, No. 159, Piet Lourens/Jan Lucassen, 'Marx als Historiker der niederlandischen Republik', in: Van der Linden, Die Rezeption der Marxschen Theorie in den Niederlanden, Jan Lucassen, 'Het Welvaren van Leiden ( ): de wording van een economische theorie over gilden en ondernemerschap', in: Boudien de Vries et al. (eds), De Kracht der Zwakken. Studies over arbeid en arbeidersbeweging in het verleden [IISG: Studies + Essays 18], Amsterdam: Stichting beheer IISG, Jan Lucassen [with Karel Davids and Jan Luiten van Zanden], 'De Nederlandse geschiedenis als afwijking van het algemeen menselijk patroon. Een aanzet tot een programma van samenwerking', in: Leo Noordegraaf (ed.), Ideeën en ideologieën. Studies over economische en sociale geschiedschrijving in Nederland , Amsterdam: Historisch Seminarium, 1991, Jan Lucassen, Geschiedenis en dialectologie: het geval Meijel [Mededelingen van de Vereniging voor Limburgse Dialect- en Naamkunde Nr. 62], Hasselt 1991, 18 pp. Kees Mandemakers, "Education and social mobility: Organizing and storing an historical survey", in: P. Doorn, C. Kluts, E. Leenarts (eds), Data, computers and the past. Proceedings of the conference Archiving and disseminating historical machine readable data, Hilversum: Verloren, Frank Niming [ps.], 'L'arte della protesta', Fondazione Feltrinelli Quaderni, No. 43: