Health Atlas and the Community Health and Equity Index:

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Mervyn Austin Palmer
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1 Health Atlas and the Community Health and Equity Index: An Examination of Health Conditions in the City of Los Angeles Presented by Eric Yurkovich, Raimi + Associates March 13, 2014

2 Purpose Spatial analysis that is a snapshot of the City today Identify locational disparities in: Health problems Environmental conditions Socio-economics Point us to targeted outreach and policy development

3 Health Element and Atlas Topics Demographics Socio-economics Education Health and healthcare Land use and employment Transportation Food systems Crime Housing Environmental health

4 Health Framework Source: Social Determinants of Health: How Social and Economic Factors Affect Health, LA County Public Health Department

5 Metrics Health & Socio-Economic Health Life Expectancy at Birth Percent Childhood Obesity Rate of Heart Disease Deaths per 100,000 Residents Rate of Heart Attacks in Population 45 and Over per 10,000 Residents Rate of Asthma-Related Emergency Department Visits in Population 17 and Under per 10,000 Percent Very Low [<1,500g] and Low Birth Weight Rate [1,500g to 2,500g] Rate of Respiratory Disease Deaths per 100,000 Residents Socio-Economic / Housing / Education Hardship Index Percentage of Housing Units with More than 1 Person per Room Percentage of Population with Income Less than the Federal Poverty Level Percentage of Unemployed Workers Age 16 and Over Percentage of Population Over 25 That Did Not Graduate High School Percentage of Population Over Age 65; & Percentage of Population Under Age 18 Median Household Income

Deaths per 100,000 Residents Socio-Economic / Housing / Education Hardship Index Percentage of Housing Units with More than 1 Person per Room Percentage of Population with Income Less than the

6 Metrics Land Use and Community Character Walkability Index Housing Units per Acre of Residential Land Intersections per Square Mile Composite score of six land use categories [SF, MF, retail, office, education, entertainment] Retail Building Square Feet per Acre of Retail Land Complete Communities Index Food Retail (Supermarket, other food store) Services (Bank, Gym, Restaurant) Community Serving Retail ((Clothing store, convenience store, hardware store, pharmacy, other retail) Community and Civic Facilities (Number of Libraries, Community Centers, Churches, Senior Centers, etc.)

Communities Index Food Retail (Supermarket, other food store) Services (Bank, Gym, Restaurant) Community Serving Retail ((Clothing store,

7 Metrics Transportation, Environmental Health, Crime and Food Systems Transportation Percentage of Workers Walking and Biking to Work Total Daily Boardings at Metro Transit Stops Linear Miles of Class I and II Bicycle Facilities Bus Stops with Transit Frequencies Less than 15 Minutes during the Peak Periods Motor Vehicle Crashes with Pedestrians/Cyclists per 10,000 Residents Additional Metrics Pollution Burden Score (CalEnviroScreen) mrfei (Ratio of Healthy to Unhealthy Food Retailers Rate of Violent and Property Crime per 10,000 Residents

than 15 Minutes during the Peak Periods Motor Vehicle Crashes with Pedestrians/Cyclists per 10,000 Residents Additional Metrics

8 Health Variables Health Life Expectancy at Birth Percent Childhood Obesity Rate of Heart Disease Deaths per 100,000 Residents Rate of Heart Attacks in Population 45 and Over per 10,000 Residents Rate of Asthma-Related Emergency Department Visits in Population 17 and Under per 10,000 Percent Very Low [<1,500g] and Low Birth Weight Rate [1,500g to 2,500g] Rate of Respiratory Disease Deaths per 100,000 Residents Key Issues related to the Health Variables Data accessibility Geographic scale Issues addressed in the Health Element of the General Plan

Under per 10,000 Percent Very Low [<1,500g] and Low Birth Weight Rate [1,500g to 2,500g] Rate of Respiratory Disease Deaths per 100,000

9 Community Health and Equity Index Weighting Hardship Index (Standardized Index Score for Overcrowding, Poverty, Employment Status, Educational Attainment, Age Dependency, and Income) Demographic, Socio-- economics, Housing, and Education 35 Life Expectancy at Birth Health 15 Health Outcomes (Respiratory Disease, Heart Disease, Heart Attacks, Asthma, Low Birth Weight) Health 10 Walkability Index (Standardized Index Score for Housing Density, Retail Density, Street Connectivity, and Land Use Mix) Land Use 5 Complete Communities Index (Index Score of the Diversity of Amenities and Establishments) Land Use 2.5 Multi-Modal Transportation Index (Walk and Bike Commuting, Transit Ridership, Street Connectivity, Bicycle Facilities, High-Frequency Transit Service, Collisions with Bicyclists and Pedestrians) Transportation 7.5 Modified Retail Food Environment Index (Index Score of the Ratio of Healthy to Unhealthy Food Retailers) Food 10 Crime Rate Index (Rate of Violent and Property Crime per 10,000 Residents) Crime 7.5 Pollution Burden Index (Index Score for Pollution Exposure and Environmental Effects) Environmental Health 7.5 Subtotal: Demographic, Economic, Housing, and Education Indicators 35 Subtotal: Health 25 Subtotal: Land Use 7.5 Subtotal: Transportation 7.5 Subtotal: Food 10 Subtotal: Crime 7.5 Subtotal: Environmental Health 7.5

Index (Standardized Index Score for Housing Density, Retail Density, Street Connectivity, and Land Use Mix) Land Use 5 Complete Communities Index (Index Score of the Diversity of Amenities and

10 Community Health and Equity Index

11 Community Health and Equity Index Top Quintile

12 Community Health and Equity Index Unweighted Version Community Health and Equity Index

13 Community Health and Equity Index Excluding Health Variables Community Health and Equity Index

14 Discussion / Additional Maps

15 Economic Hardship Index Community Health and Equity Index

16 Economic Hardship Index

17 Life Expectancy at Birth Community Health and Equity Index

19 Modified Retail Food Environment Index Community Health and Equity Index

20 CalEnviroScreen Pollution Burden Score Community Health and Equity Index

21 Discussion

CITY OF EAST PALO ALTO A COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILE

CITY OF EAST PALO ALTO A COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILE www.gethealthysmc.org Contact us: 650-573-2398 [email protected] HEALTH BEGINS WHERE PEOPLE LIVE Over the last century, there have been dramatic increases