NURSING STRATEGY FOR SOUTH AFRICA2008

Transcription

1 NURSING STRATEGY FOR SOUTH AFRICA2008 CHOOSE A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

2 Table of Contents Foreword by the Minister of Health 2 Preface 3 Acknowledgments 4 Abbreviations 6 Executive summary 7 1. Introduction 8 2. The purpose of the Nursing Strategy 8 3. The goal of the nursing strategy 8 4. The objectives of the nursing strategy 8 6. Strategies for nursing Discussions Nursing practice Education and Training Resources for nursing 17 Sponsors and champions of the nursing strategy for South Africa 16 Implementation aspects of the Nursing Strategy for South Africa Nursing Practice Education and Training Nursing regulation Resources for nursing 30 References 32 1

3 Foreword by the Minister of Health It gives me great pleasure to launch this strategy. As a country we are experiencing serious challenges in nursing, particularly shortage and loss of skilled professional nurses in the public health sector, a perceived decline in the standards of nursing care and generally the need to further improve the quality of health care in the public health facilities. This is exacerbated by an increase in the burden of disease. people. This shift in focus to primary health care placed new demands on the health professions particularly nursing. To be able to improve the health status of our people, we need nurses who are adequately trained to implement the basic package of health care, who are also able to rise up to the challenge of specialized nursing care necessitated by medical will serve as a framework for bringing about nursing reforms, congruent to the health needs of the country, and in line Health Plan released in April This Strategy offers a comprehensive approach to addressing the challenges faced by the nursing profession, and our country as a result. Dr. Manto Tshabalala-Msimang, MP Minister of Health 2

4 Preface The National Human Resources for Health Plan published in 2006 provided a basis for the development of the Nursing Strategy for South Africa. The development of the nursing strategy was listed as one of the priorities in the plan. The nursing strategy articulates the link between nursing practice, education and training, nursing leadership, nursing regulation, social positioning of nurses, resources and the national health system. This strategy was developed by members of the nursing profession in support of the department s efforts to reposition nursing. The review of the nurses remuneration and career pathing dispensation, which has brought much hope about the future of nursing, is in part implementation of the National Human Resources for Health Plan. The strengthening of the nursing profession will ensure increased access to the basic package of health services by our people, especially in rural and underserved communities and to ensure universal coverage. It is hoped that the relevant partners in the nursing profession will assist in responding to this strategy and embracing its objectives. Mr. TD Mseleku Director- General of Health 3

5 Acknowledgements On behalf of the Department of Health, I would like to express my gratitude to the National Human Resource Committee (NHRC), the national and provincial departments of health for their contributions towards the development of this All members of the Human Resources in Health family are acknowledged for their team effort during the consultative workshops and meetings to ensure the successful development of the Nursing Strategy for South Africa. The department also wants to thank all stakeholders who participated through their comments and professional advice, which contributed to the shape of this document. The role of leading the implementation is that of the profession itself, guided carefully by the mandates of the department and the ministry. The challenge in the coming period will be to operationalise the strategy and make it a living document with tangible outcomes. From the enthusiastic response from key partners in the profession, I am convinced that the goals of the strategy will be realized. Dr. Percy Mahlathi Deputy Director-General: Human Resources 4

6 1. Nursing means a caring profession practised by a person registered with the South African Nursing Council, which supports, cares for and treats a health care user to achieve or maintain health and where this is not possible, cares 2. Student nurse a person undergoing education or training in basic nursing. nursing in the manner and to the level prescribed and who is capable of assuming responsibility and accountability for such practice. 4. Staff nurse is a person educated to practise basic nursing in the manner and to the level prescribed under section 31 (1) (c) of the Nursing Act. to the level prescribed under section 31 (1) (d) and (e) respectively.

7 CBO: Community Based Organisation CPD: Continuing Professional Development ETQA: Education and Training Quality Assurer HRH: Human Resource for Health NEI: Nursing Educational Institutions NHC: National Health Council (Forum of Minister and Health Member of Executive Councils in the Provinces) NHRC: National Human Resource Committee NHRIS: National Human Resources Information System RPL: Recognition of Prior Learning SANC: South African Nursing Council SGB: Standards Generating Body 6

8 Nursing in South Africa is facing a serious crisis. This is a concerning view expressed loudly by the nursing profession across the country citing the increasing loss of experienced nursing professionals from the public health sector as evidence also of the serious challenges the health system faces. These problems are shared with the private health sector too. A number of surveys and research papers on nursing have pointed to a variety of reasons for the worrying state of affairs in nursing with low remuneration and poor or deteriorating working conditions topping the list. This has to a large extent manifested in the reported decline in the standards of nursing care and generally the quality of health care in the public health facilities. These challenges are however not limited to nursing care. The National Human Resources for Health Planning Framework has been pivotal in teasing out HRH challenges facing the health care system in general and in particular the health care professions. In teasing out the issues affecting health professionals when drafting this strategic framework, the nursing profession was used as an example to illustrate the effects of the challenges on Human Resources for Health in South Africa. Furthermore, the National HRH Planning Resources for Health. The planning framework concludes by suggesting a guideline or framework for use by the various stakeholders in developing their HRH operational plans. Development of a strategy for the nursing profession is one of priority areas th and 10 th March The purpose of that workshop was to develop a broad framework within which the nursing strategy would be developed. This was done under the auspices of the National Human Resource Committee (NHRC), a subcommittee reporting to the Technical Advisory Committee of the National Health Committee (NHC). Participants in the workshop were therefore drawn from the national and provincial Departments of Health and selected key informants. The workshop drew and considered a variety of factors that were to inform the framework. These factors related to nursing education, training, practice, utilisation of services, resources, professionalism, image of nursing in South Africa. At a subsequent meeting of the NHRC a team was set up to draft a strategy for nursing. This team was profession in South Africa. 7

9 1. INTRODUCTION The nursing strategy is a critical part of addressing the serious challenges faced by nursing. It is proposed that it should be adopted as the basis for, and a blueprint for the strengthening of nursing as a profession in this country. Nursing is widely acknowledged nationally and internationally as an essential component of health care delivery systems. the South African health care system. South Africa, like other countries internationally, has felt the impact of the global shortage of nurses. It is therefore imperative that a country solution is developed to address the challenges of maintaining an adequate nursing workforce. required to respond and keep up with the transformation process. The transformation of the regulation and practice of the health professions was not as rapid as the transformation of the health care system. The nursing strategy is aimed at different categories of nurses to ensure that the practice of nurses in South Africa is aligned to the needs of the health in South Africa. 2. THE PURPOSE OF THE NURSING STRATEGY This strategy is aimed at addressing as a matter of urgency the challenges faced by nursing in South Africa. It is a document that, in a nutshell articulates how nursing education and training, practice, resources, social positioning, regulation and leadership are planned and linked together with prescripts of professionalism to support of the nation s health system. 3. THE GOAL OF THE NURSING STRATEGY The goal of the Nursing Strategy for South Africa is therefore to achieve and maintain an adequate supply of nursing professionals who are appropriately educated, distributed and deployed to meet the health needs of all South Africans. 4. THE OBJECTIVES OF THE NURSING STRATEGY The Nursing Strategy for South Africa is based upon the principles of the Human Resources For Health Planning Framework as mandated by the National Health Act No. 61 of The following principles are central to this strategy. Good quality education and training Provision of an enabling environment for nursing Accessibility of nursing to all South Africans Good leadership in all aspects of nursing Better image and social positioning of nursing Maintain a high standard and quality of nursing practice Promote and maintain a high standard of nursing education Enhance and maintain professionalism amongst members of the nursing profession Ensure that there is strong leadership that provides appropriate guidance and direction to nurses 8

10 Ensure that adequate resources and support systems are available for nursing services Ensure that the environment within health care settings where nursing services are rendered are conducive for 5. PERSPECTIVES ON NURSING The nursing profession comprises the largest category of health professionals that provide health care within the South role in providing and maintaining the health care system. That is probably the single most important reason why the South African public is seriously concerned about the plight of the nursing profession. These professionals carry the responsibility of bringing health services to all communities through the spectrum of health care delivery mechanisms from primary health care up to tertiary levels of health care. Any shortage experienced in this professional cadre negatively impacts on access and the quality of care that is enshrined in the country s constitution. Similar to other countries worldwide, the issues associated with the nursing workforce are particularly complex and dynamic and involve multiple stakeholders, including governments, employers, professional associations, unions, and educators. Therefore, addressing these issues requires the full involvement and cooperation of all of these organizations. While each stakeholder supports the goal of a stable and competent supply of nurses, their different roles and responsibilities lead to different perspectives on how to best achieve this. The supply of nurses, their quality and competency, and their retention in jobs and in the profession are all dependent upon many different factors, including educational capacity, clinical training opportunities, entry-to-practice standards, support for new entrants in the environments. These factors are also largely dependent upon each other. These perspectives illustrate the complexity of these issues and the need for improvements in coordination and cooperative action (Health Canada, 2000) b. South Africa is faced with the same challenges, which necessitated the approach employed in developing this strategy. There are many documented challenges that nursing is faced with ranging from education, training, practice, remuneration, image in society, migration and leadership to name a few. The focus of the strategy therefore has to be broad enough to address these challenges leveraging on all possible networks. In addressing the challenges facing How the nursing profession can leverage on the commitment expressed in various policies and legislation to improve the provision of nursing services How the image of the nursing profession can be restored How nursing can remain a profession that offers access to all South Africans particularly those from previously marginalized groups whilst lifting the bar in terms of quality education and training 5.1 Nursing in a Changing Health System The change in the mode of delivery of health services from a hospital centred approach to a primary health care training of health professionals. This development has not left nursing unscathed as the profession is now re-examining the impact of a changing health system on nursing, mainly brought about by a number of factors e.g. the increasing burden of disease, increasing attrition in skilled and experienced health professionals and decline in the resource base for nursing. As a result, attention has for a long time been focused primarily on trying to hold ground against workforce attrition and deteriorating environment as opposed to a concerted focus on planning for future supply and anticipating future shortages.

11 The latter phenomenon is common to almost all health professions. The challenge of a dynamic health system context managing the health workforce. Increasingly, and somewhat inevitably, organizations representing the interests of health different characteristics and dynamics in the workforce. The nursing workforce is no different and requires particular attention since it is the foundation of the national health system. Due to the pivotal position of nursing and the far-reaching impact that the nursing profession has experienced from the changes in the health care system, nursing is well placed to lead the way in the transformation processes of the health professions. 10

12 5.2 Nursing as a Career of Choice For many decades nursing has been a career of choice for South Africans from all sectors of society. Historically nursing as a career was accessible to many previously disadvantaged school leavers who were attracted to the subsidized nursing education and training. However, more recently, the situation has changed. The availability of student positions in the public sector has declined and the availability of other career choices has diluted the number of new recruits into the nursing profession. Many within the profession point to deteriorating conditions as a reason for decline in the status and image of nursing. Nursing is not as regarded or perceived as worthwhile or lucrative by young people like it used to be. This is as a result of changes in the social positioning of nurses and teachers who used to be revered in communities as people of high social standing. In addition, expanding opportunities in the general labour market have resulted in an increase in the competing employment opportunities nationally and even internationally. This is may be the biggest challenge that the profession has to do battle with and ensure that it works hard to restore its image and attract the best minds to its ranks. It is clear that innovative strategies will be needed to develop nursing as a career of choice among young people. The work that has been done on how young people make career choices must be expanded to include those who are about to make career choices to gauge their motivation and perceptions. The nursing workforce also needs to be studied in depth so as to identify those factors, which would induce nurses to work in the public health sector especially, and in underserved areas in general. 5.3 Managing the Nursing Workforce All nursing associations and unions report a deteriorating quality of work-life for nurses. Quality of work-life is widely believed to be one of the most important factors in recruitment and retention, thus having an impact on the current and the future supply of nurses. Quality of work-life is determined by many factors, many of which are interrelated. The diversity of the nursing workforce and of practice settings means that there is no single work-life issue to be addressed independently, but rather a constellation of issues each contributing in a different way to professional and personal job satisfaction. The range of issues includes appropriate workload, professional leadership and clinical support, adequate respect, protection against injuries and diseases related to the work place, and good wages. Further, responsiveness and sensitivity to nursing professionals concerns must be a key driver of nursing management capacity building throughout the health system. professionals are generally in short supply worldwide, while international migration has grown in volume and has become an important social issue in many parts of the world. Trained human capital moves largely from less developed nations to - the migration of nurses are low remuneration, poor working conditions, shortages of supplies and equipment and poor working environments. In addition the mal-distribution of nurses between urban and rural areas is a serious issue of concern. 11

13 6. STRATEGIES FOR NURSING - 1. Nursing Practice 2. Nursing Education and Training 3. Nursing Leadership 4. Nursing Regulation 6. Resources for Nursing These strategies are proposed with the understanding that further development and implementation of each strategy will require the unifying efforts of all stakeholders. In addition the primary or lead responsibility and the output measures for as these are critical in securing a stable nursing workforce for the future. These are the strategic focus areas that have to 7. DISCUSSION Six strategic focus areas are discussed below. Strategic objectives, activities, implementation partners and outputs for 7.1 Nursing Practice The following strategic objectives are important for provision of an enabling environment for nursing service, namely: establishment of an enabling legislative environment, improving the quality of nursing practice, improving the skills and competency levels of nurses, developing collaborative partners, developing nursing staff establishments responsive to service delivery needs and strengthening the role of nursing in health service delivery. As part of the implementation of the nursing strategy, it will be critical to develop enabling policies in order to kick start the creation of appropriate career paths for nurses especially the clinical nursing specialists. In improving the quality of scopes of practice. The scope of practice provides the parameters within which nursing professionals function. In line with the numerous changes to health care delivery system in South Africa already alluded to earlier, the scope practice for nurses was required to ensure that the practice of nursing is responsive to the health care delivery needs. In this regard the SANC in 2004 revised the scope of practice of the current three categories of nurses and midwives, namely, registered nurses, categories of nurses proposed in the revised scopes of practice were Professional Nurse, Professional Midwife, Staff Nurse and Auxiliary Nurse. The revision of the scopes of practice took into consideration the current health care system, international best practice, national health care policies and the health care priorities facing South Africa together with the challenges currently facing nursing practice. 12

14 The implementation of the revised scope of practice now requires: 1 New regulations on the scope of practice 2 Regulations that prescribe minimum educational requirements This strategy also aims to ensure that the revised scope of practice is successfully implemented so as to have a positive impact on the health care delivery system. Research into the relevance of theory to practice should be commissioned at regular intervals in order to guide nursing practice. Research activity in the nursing profession and among nursing educators and professionals will need special attention, as it is critical to the sustainability of the profession. ing organisations and the private health sector groups around issues of production, development and retention of nurses and appropriate organisational systems will assist the nursing staff establishments that are responsive to service delivery needs and also strengthen the role of nursing in health service delivery. In achieving the above-mentioned strategic objectives the National and Provincial Departments of Health, SANC, Nursing Education Institutions (NEIs), Nursing Professional Associations, Private Sector and Community Based Organisations (CBOs) should strongly work in collaboration. 7.2 Education and Training Nursing education and training plays an important role in the production of well-trained and properly groomed nurses. The following strategic objectives are important in realising the above-mentioned crucial role played by education and training: Improving the quality of nurse educators Recruitment and retention of nurse educators Harmonisation of education and training Integration of theoretical knowledge with practice Appropriate Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) Increasing the production of nurses and Promotion of continuing professional development. - the current providers is that only higher education institutions i.e. universities and universities of technology would have as the bulk of the education and training of registered nurses are produced by nursing colleges, which are not recognised higher education institutions in their own right to award Degrees. This concern was highlighted to the SGB, the Depart- practice. This work is in progress. 13

15 The NEIs would have to align the curricula of the nursing programmes to comply with the requirements of the new and the new categories of nurses required to practice in accordance with the new scopes of practice will require special attention that will have to be jointly addressed by both the NEIs and the health service authorities. Support from the professional associations and the SANC is imperative for the successful implementation of the new scopes of practice and entry into the new category of nurses. be developed for nurse educators in the public sector in particular. These may take the form of career pathing and succession planning as well as development and implementation of a set of attractive conditions of service for nurse educators. The responsibility of improving the conditions of service for nurse educators lies with the employer (Department of Health and the Private Health Sector). commensurate with the relevant scopes of practice. As explained earlier the scopes of practice should be informed by service delivery needs and give effect to the integration of theoretical knowledge with practise to improve quality of nursing graduates. This requires that nurse educators are not only equipped academically but also in the clinical areas of the relevant nursing programmes. The review the existing curricula of all nursing programmes with priorities given to Midwifery, Psychiatry and Primary Health Care is critical and must be an ongoing activity to ensure long-lasting relevance. The SANC as an Education and Training Quality Assurer (ETQA) of nursing as well as accredited nursing education and training institutions should ensure that such reviews are undertaken regularly. The need to increase To make sure that the learners succeed, the selection criteria for nurse training needs to be improved and support systems for candidates with potential developed to enable their success. In doing this, it is important that broader development and transformation goals are not ignored, and student support systems must be nuanced, geared to assistance, and ensure that students do succeed at all institutions. The capacity of the accredited NEIs should be determined through regular national audits. Coupled with the audits, more clinical facilities should be subjected to SANC accreditation process so that more clinical facilities should be made available for clinical placement of learners as the supply of nursing professionals needs to be expanded in the light of the RPL is considered as an important mechanism for recognising work experience and on the job learning in South Africa. nursing or health related professions interested in nursing and it also assists in the creation of learning pathways towards current RPL system so that it serves to improve the standard and not be seen as adding challenges to a nurse training system that is meant to maintain good standards of nursing care. In this regard the capacity of existing educational institutions to implement RPL requires urgent attention so that there is formal recognition of those nurses that have acquired skills and knowledge in the health sector but need further education to achieve the levels required of registered nursing professionals. For those already practising, the development and implementation of effective, relevant and appropriate CPD is critical, provided it is well designed and assists participants in practical terms. 14

16 7.3 Nursing Leadership A conscious decision should be taken to put in place leadership programmes for nurses including mentorship and coaching programmes, succession planning, carefully planned deployments to increase exposure to diverse leadership environments, recognition and reward for expertise and excellence. To enhance nursing management capacity for nurses it is important that appropriate training and development programmes for nurse managers be established. Organisational structures in health provision should be developed in such a way that nurse leadership is strategically positioned to play its rightful role in the health system. National and Provincial Departments of Health, SANC, NEIs and Professional Associations are responsible for making sure that leadership in nursing is developed, nurtured and enhanced. Nursing organisations have a leading role to play in ensuring the development of curricula for appropriate management and leadership interventions in the nursing profession. 7.4 Nursing Regulation It is internationally recognized and acknowledged that the fundamental purpose of regulating health professionals is to ensure that: a. They serve the public appropriately, and b. The public is reasonably protected South Africa subscribes to this understanding and believes that it is only through tight regulation that the public interest can best be served. However such regulation has to be in keeping with the constitution of the country and serve to promote the quest for a common destiny by all South Africans with health professionals playing a major role. The SANC has been delegated the authority to administer regulatory and licensing responsibilities by means of the Nursing Act No Nursing has always been regulated in this manner but this has to be strengthened by ensuring that there is regular re-evaluation of the South African nursing regulatory framework that seeks to strengthen all aspects of nursing. A strong This will promote and ensure uniform standards that must be applied across the country. Ultimately, the way nursing is regulated must show in the quality of clinical nursing practice and nursing leadership in all its forms. This is key to re-establishing and maintaining the public s high level of trust in the nursing profession. The strength and quality of nursing regulation depends on nurses regulating nursing. Only the nursing profession itself has the unique knowledge necessary to set and enforce standards of nursing practice. Nursing is bound by the ethical values of the profession that require nurses to base their practice on relevant and current knowledge, and to show respect for the well-being, dignity and autonomy of persons receiving care. These values promote safe, ethical and competent nursing care. It is therefore the SANC s responsibility to ensure that there are clear practice rules and guidelines set for the profession and responsibility of members of the profession to practice in accordance with these guidelines. Nursing regulation must therefore evolve to meet the changing health care needs of the South African public. A developmental approach in the maintenance of nursing standards and processes is essential. Scopes of practice evolve and often overlap with other health professions in trying to respond to changing health care needs of the public. Likewise, regulation approaches evolve to meet the challenges and opportunities of technological advancements. It is important that regulators, policy makers, educators and the nursing profession itself know how important nursing regulation is to the country s health system. Advancing from keeping the register of professionals to ensuring adherence to professional values through education and practice is a major responsibility to participation in nursing workforce planning and development. This means constant benchmarking internally (within nursing), externally (with other professional groups) and internationally (with nursing regulators). Self-regulation by the health professions has to undergo detailed scrutiny

17 with exploration of nursing practices, policies and history of self-regulation prominent in that exercise. There is a clear reason why nursing regulation has to be strengthened and alternative models to improve it investigated and tested if found reasonable. 7.5 Social Positioning of Nursing The nursing profession should be promoted as a career of choice for qualifying school leavers including individuals wanting to make a career change as well as health related midlevel workers without compromising on the high standards of nursing care. The conditions of service for nurses must be improved including introduction of professional wellness and personal growth programmes. Provision of good accommodation for nurse learners as well as nurses working in underserved areas will promote nursing as a career of choice. The image of nursing needs to be restored by making sure that professionalism is upheld at all times. It is important that nurses understand the thrust of the country in order to support policy decisions taken regarding the nursing profession. Examples of those are among others, introduction of community al associations and unions. The responsibility of proper positioning of nursing in a social context lies with the National and Provincial Health Departments, Private health sector, SANC, NEIs, Professional Associations and Unions. 7.6 Resources for Nursing eration. Adequate funding based on health service needs will need to be provided in order that the nursing strategy is implemented fully. It is the responsibility of the National and Provincial Departments of Health, Department of Education, SANC and NEIs to ensure that nursing is sustainably resourced. This will involve gathering information and data to make compelling cases for resourcing in the future, as well as considerable amount of time lobbying for resourcing in order to implement the strategy. In addition, capacity will need to be developed in planning for the workforce in the medium to long term by the relevant stakeholders. This will necessarily involve carrying out monitoring and evaluation activities in order to assess the shorterterm impact of nursing improvement interventions. Clearly, the Departments of Health and Education as well as the nursing profession will need to develop and engage with issues relating to supply and demand projections for nursing professionals. SPONSORS AND CHAMPIONS OF THE NURSING STRATEGY FOR SOUTH AFRICA As a steward of the health care system, the government (through the National Department of Health, Provincial Departments of Health and National Department of Education) has a key role to play in ensuring the successful implementation of this strategy. Ensuring future supply of nurses requires close collaboration among all employers (public and private), nursing council, educators, nursing professional associations, and labour organisations. This approach will ensure success in determining the supply needs and ensuring that they are met. To ensure a measure of success, the Department of Health remains a sponsor of this strategy with the nursing profession, through the SANC taking the role of championing it. This effectively catapults the nursing profession into taking responsibility for marketing itself to all stakeholders and society. 16

18 IMPLEMENTATION ASPECTS OF THE NURSING STRATEGY FOR SOUTH AFRICA Strategic Focus Area Strategic Objective/s Activity Implementation Partners Output Measure/s Review, develop and align all legislative instruments impacting on Implementable policies in place nursing practice 1.1 Establish an enabling legislative environment Create a regulatory framework for the establishment of a public nursing agency to address resource National and Provincial Departments of Health SANC Legislation aligned to nursing practice in place requirements for public health services Create adaptable policies for nursing practice Policy on Public nursing agency in place 1. NURSING PRACTICE Implement the reviewed scopes of practice in line with education and training Finalised Scope of Practice Develop scopes of practice for advanced nursing practice promote & assure quality of care Link theory and research to practice Nursing Education Institutions, SANC, National and Provincial Departments of Health Evidence based practice Private Sector Develop nursing service operational plans in line with Operational plan in line with service delivery needs and resources quality service delivery needs and resources 17

19 Strategic Focus Area Strategic Objective/s Activity Implementation Partners Output Measure/s Conduct a skills audit of all nursing personnel in terms of new scope of practice and competency requirements Competency assessment system in place 1.3 Improve the skills and Skills Plan in place competency levels of nurses in Upgrade skills of nursing Provincial Departments of Health accordance with the competency framework and revised scope of practice. personnel to comply with new competency requirements Private Sector SANC Skills development programmes in place Provide career development programmes in accordance with health service to revised scope of practice 1. NURSING PRACTICE delivery needs 1.4 Develop collaborative partnerships with key stakeholders Identify stakeholders and their roles to participate in production, placement and retention strategy for nurses Private Sector, Training Providers, NGO, CBO, NPO National Department of Health - Adoption of Nursing strategy for South Africa - Sustained partnership Provincial Departments of Health 18

20 Strategic Focus Area Strategic Objective/s Activity Implementation Partners Output Measure/s standards based on SA context among the different health professionals and support in accordance with service needs in establishments that are responsive to service delivery needs services based on revised paths National & Provincial Departments of Health Private Sector: Health place Career paths for all categories in place especially clinical specialities sustainable and implement Retention strategy implemented retention strategies 1. NURSING PRACTICE aligned to the scope of practice Position nursing strategically at provincial, national and international levels Ensure better and improved quality of supervision Build quality nursing teams 1.6 Strengthen role of nursing in Upgrade current enrolled National & Provincial Departments of Organizational systems reviewed health service delivery and registered nurses in line Health, SANC with new scopes of practice systems for monitoring and evaluation of nursing practice Establish provincial and national forums for sharing best practices in nursing