Border control using biometrics in Japan. September 2008 NEC Corporation/Daon

Transcription

1 Border control using biometrics in Japan September 2008 NEC Corporation/Daon

2 Today s Agenda 1. Project Overview 2. Challenges and Lessons Learned

3 1. Project Overview

4 Japan Biometrics Identification System (J-BIS) Biometrics Immigration Identification and Clearance System for the Japan Ministry of Justice User: Japan Immigration Bureau Contract: May 2007 Purpose: Identification and Clearance of incoming visitors Biometrics data is matched against watch list DB Approximately 25,000 visitors/day Fingerprint and face recognition installed Operation start date: November 20, 2007 One of world s largest immigration systems

5 Overview of Client Client: Japan Immigration Bureau Responsibilities Provision of immigration services, including; Processing of identification and custom clearance for foreign nationals visiting Japan As of November 20 th,2007 all foreign visitors including foreign nationals with permanent residency in Japan (except for (i) Special permanent residents (ii) Individuals under the age of 16 years old (iii) Individuals with Diplomat or Official status who are engaged with activities recognized or hosted by Japanese Government (iv) Patrons who are invited by the head of governmental organization (v) Individuals in (iii) and (iv) above who are regarded as being pursuant to ministerial ordinance of Ministry Of Justice) are mandated to be fingerprinted for identification purpose upon arriving at the entry points (airports and seaports) in Japan.

6 Consortium Overview Ministry of Justice Customer NEC Corporation Prime Contractor AFIS & Facial SW / System Integrator Fujitsu Hardware Supplier Daon Sub-Contractor Workflow Management SW

7 Overview of J-BIS Wanted Criminal Info (ICPO* etc) Forced Displacement Info Travel Document Expiry Info Data Exchange Data Exchange Data Exchange Airport/Sea Port FP/Face Info Capture Immigration Booth etc Over 34 Airports and Sea Ports FP Matching Facial Matching Identification Immigration Control Watchlist Traveler Info FP DB Face DB Expired TD Info AFIS Server Facial Recognition Server Immigration Dept. *International Criminal Police Organization

8 Overview of Requirements Smooth and Smart Immigration Increase in the number of yearly visitors to Japan Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport s Visit Japan campaign in 2002 Visa waiver program applied to Taiwan and Korea in 2005 Easing visa application rules for visitors from Mainland China (Note) Of Japan s 127M population, 1.63%, or 2M, are foreigners residing in Japan permanently under work permits, student visas or as permanent residents (as of 2006) Secure and Strict Immigration Prevention of terrorism and illegal immigration Example: An Al-Qaeda member who escaped from prison in Europe and was arrested in Germany on December 2003 was later found to have been travelling to various countries, including multiple trips to Japan, using assumed identities.

9 2. Challenges and Lessons Learned

10 Challenges: Human Factors in Capture of Biometrics (1/2) Challenges Difficulty in capturing and using biometric images Unique environmental constraints to the project Methods to maintain biometric capture quality Combination of fixed and mobile control points Quality assessment during fingerprint capture Capturing good quality prints is always a challenge. In cases where it is not possible to capture acceptable quality prints, operator must decide when to stop and consider prints as acceptable. After the system went live, some time was spent tuning it to adjust the image accept/reject threshold for prints. Capturing device designed to reduce improper placement of fingers. Lighting conditions during facial capturing Lighting conditions varied from airport to airport Special consideration needed when using mobile biometrics capturing terminals at sea ports. Fallback procedure in case of system malfunction

11 Challenges: Human Factors in Capture of Biometrics (2/2) Anti-spoofing measures Deployed Envisaged for future Fingerprint scanner capable of detecting and identifying artificial fingerprints. Biometric Design Criteria to accommodate Failure to enrol FAR FRR Ability to change the design criteria whenever necessary based on changes of operations and process. Customer Confidentiality. Not authorized to disclose design information.

12 Challenges: Multi-Modal / Fusion Aspects Use of multimodal biometrics Fingerprint and Face are used for identification process. Requirement to fuse results using: Multiple modes of biometrics Demographic data Fusion of biometrics to enhance the identification result is not required. A search using biographic information such as, name and passport number is performed but the biographic and biometrics search results are only visually verified by the immigration officer.

13 Challenges: Watch list Requirements (1/2) Requirements for watch list DB: Store a mixture of from one to ten rolled or plain fingers Support prints with varying quality Synchronize with databases of other agencies in batch mode on a regular basis during low traffic hours Transaction time target: 50 concurrent transactions with a maximum 10 second response time

14 Challenges: Watch list Requirements (2/2) Purpose of watch list To prevent entry of individuals not eligible to enter the country. To allow matching against wanted persons including; International and Domestic wanted persons (terrorists, etc.) Individuals who were deported from Japan for various reasons (Refugee/ Committed crimes, etc.) Individuals who have overstayed their visas

15 Overview of Resulting System Including System sizing number of ports, equipment/equipment stations, personnel, which classes of traveller are checked or not checked biometrically and projected numbers System Design:- -Database sizing -Watch list -White list (Confidential, Not authorized to disclose) Very large (Confidential. Not authorized to disclose) -Response time max. 10 sec. turnaround time -More than 500 client terminals in 34 airports / sea ports total -Approximately 25,000 visitors/day can be processed by the system smoothly Use of Standards, and adherence to standards (local and international) -BioAPI -WSQ (Image Compression)

16 System Rollout and Implementation Phased deployment details Milestones Rate at which system is being ramped up 2006/8-- Proof Of Concept/Development 2007/10 Installation of Identification service centers and a number of clients at designated entry ports 2007/11 System evaluation* & User training 2007/11/18 Deployment/installation of clients at all entry ports 2007/11/20 Go live *System reliability and performance are the 2 main items that were tested and evaluated.

17 Lessons Learned Customer expectations Customer challenges lessons learned during procurement design Testing deployment Lighting issue Networking bandwidth consideration (between the servers and clients) Proper planning for deployment of clients nationwide Meeting the targeted schedule (with time allowance extremely limited) Shortening of search/ operation time, and reduction of work process Minimizing the time required to process transaction coming from mobile capture device at sea ports

18 Biometrics capturing devices-1 Fixed Biometrics Capturing Device Mirror Speakers Individual device is also available Purpose: Device to capture fingerprint and facial image with the simple guidance Install at Airport and Seaport Connected to the terminals at security points Characteristic: 409 unit installed Size:230(W) * 230(D)*356(H) Consists of Housing, Monitor, Camera and Fingerprint capturing device Audio guidance through speakers Camera Angle is flexible to the height Mirror is bundled to check the position of the face

19 Biometrics capturing devices-2 Flexible Biometrics Capturing Device Purpose: Device to capture fingerprint and facial images from disabled people Installed at Airports and Seaports Characteristic: 50 units installed Size:90cm(60cm adjustable,30cm fixed) Consists of Camera, Fingerprint capturing device, Flexible arm, Lamp and USB Hub Ready to assemble, portable unit Suitable for small spaces Supports height adjustment Camera can be removed from the arm

20 Biometrics capturing devices-3 Portable Biometrics Capturing Device Purpose: Can be used at Seaports and on board ships and boats without network Captures fingerprint and facial images Connects to a notebook computer Characteristic: 180 units installed Consists of a housing, camera and fingerprint capturing devices Allows angle of camera to be adjusted Bundled mirror helps to position faces Portable

21 EGate-1 Purpose: Properly registered Japanese can use E-gate Properly registered re-entry visa holders can use the auto-lane (E-gate + immigration officer) Characteristic: 8 units installed(4 E-gate, 4 auto-lane) Size: 2700(D)*1500(H)*200(W),1200(H,Door panel) Manufactured by GUNNEBO IC passport reader ( Viisage) Fingerprint capturing device (NEC) Facial capturing device (Microsoft) Door panels and walls made of armored glass Photoelectric sensors prevent tailgating and detect lost property

22 EGate-2