BAC & factors Types of drinks. Male VS Female

Transcription

1 BAC Factors BAC & factors Types of drinks Different weights Male VS Female

2 5 reasons people choose to drink Peer pressure Parents or siblings drink Have a good time Relieve stress/anxiety Our culture accepts & encourages it

3 At what age is Drinking & Driving Legal??? NEVER! Legal limit VA over 21 =.08 Teens =.02 (zero tolerance) Most DUI s are right at the legal limit, not drunk Social drinkers

4 Blood Alcohol Concentration Factors BAC is the mathematical ti ratio of the percentage of alcohol in the blood stream. Liquor Factors affecting BAC Weight (blood volume) Time Spent Drinking Wine Beer Gender Food Alcohol Content and Size of Drink

5 100 proof = 50% alcohol Proof = Half.042 % - 12 oz. Beer =.50 oz.045 % - 16 oz. Beer =.72 oz Are all.035 % - 12 oz. Lt Beer =.42 oz 80 proof 1 oz. Whiskey =.40 oz. 80 proof 15oz 1.5 oz. Whiskey=.60 oz..12 % - 5 oz. Wine =.60 oz..077 % - 12 oz Malt Liquor =.92 oz..051 % - 12 oz. Wine Cooler =.61 oz. Are all alcoholic drinks the same? NO, but similar

6 Are They The Same? Liquor Wine Beer Beer Whiskey Wine Cooler Margarita Myth A DRINK is: a a 12-ounce beer, a 4- to 6-ounce glass of wine, or a shot of liquor. Fact A DRINK is ½ an ounce of alcohol. T 7.7

7 What two factors are responsible for the differences in alcohol content? The size of the drink Percentage of alcohol in the drink

8 200 LBS vs. 150 LBS Men & 22oz lb Male Women 18oz-200 lb Female 17oz lb Male 13oz- 150 lb Female

9 BAC Factors Weight **Heavier people have more blood and other body fluids to dilute alcohol consumed lbs Gender **Their BAC level will be lower than the BAC of a smaller 110 lbs person who drank the same volume of alcohol. Women process alcohol at a slower rate than men. This is because they usually weigh less and produce less of the enzyme dehydrogenase needed by the liver to break down alcohol. *Men also have a higher percentage of body fluids which dilutes the alcohol.

10 Food Food in your stomach does very little to reduce the effect alcohol has on the brain and liver. However, food coats the lining of the stomach and slows (some) absorption into the blood stream. Note: When alcohol is mixed with carbonated beverages the absorption rate is faster because gases are absorbed faster than liquids. Time Spent Drinking On average, a person s BAC is oxidized at a rate of per hour 90% of the alcohol detoxified is oxidized (burned up) by the liver 10% is eliminated in breath, urine, and sweat NOTE: Alcohol is toxic to the liver and brain. Hence, the term intoxication denotes the toxic effect alcohol has on these organs.

11 Elimination Rate Myth The average person can tolerate one drink per hour without t substantial ti impairment. i Facts Sobriety returns ONLY with time. Alcohol is eliminated at approximately.015 BAC per hour. Titanic Principle If you take in more than your system can pump out, sooner or later you ll sink!

12 } Breath Urine Elimination of Alcohol ELIMINATION PROCESS Sweat} 10% LIVER 90% An adult male with normal liver function eliminates about BAC per hour. Therefore: BAC of 0.05 = 3.5 hours for removal BAC of = 5.0 hours for removal BAC of 0.10 = 7.0 hours for removal BAC of 0.15 = 10.0 hours for removal

13 Elimination Rate BAC Stops Drinking at 12:30am.16 = BAC Peak at 1 am Still legally INTOXICATED (.08) at 6 am Still IMPAIRED (.05) at 9:30AM HRS ABSORPTION ELIMINATION

14 Tolerance Consume more of a drug to reach a given effect. Or body to eliminate the drug faster. Many drinkers develop an ability to mask the effects alcohol has on their brain and body. This ability, however, has NO affect on their intoxication level.

15 Mood & Alcohol One of two things: Existing mood intensifies (upset to angry) Completely alters mood (happy to mad)

16 Alcohol affects the heart: Reduces contractibility Increased blood pressure Congestive heart failure

17 Alcohol affects the stomach Irritates the lining of the stomach Increases acidity Causes ulcers

18 Alcohol affects the Brain: Kills brain cells Causes memory loss

19 Attention Reduced ability to comprehend several sources of info at the same time (multi- task) Significant for driving, especially at night

20 Memory Reduced ability to store and retain info with BAC s as low as.03. Excessive use causes Blackouts

21 Emotions Emotional control is diminished Honesty Crying Loving g( (I love you, man!)

22 Aggression Aggressive behavior is enhanced. Especially when combined with competition Deadly when combined with road rage. I bet you cant

23 Alcohol & Other Drugs Synergistic effect Chemical reaction that produces much greater effect than one drug alone. Can even cause death

24 BAC Levels Affect the Brain Reduces Inhibitions Impairs Judgment Gives a False Sense of Confidence Weakens Willpower Slows Reaction Time Reduces Coordination and Balance Affects All Driving Skills Slurred Speech Blurred Vision Impaired Judgment, Memory and Self- Control Physical Abilities Become Severely Impaired Mental Confusion Unconsciousness, Blackouts or Stupor are Common.35 - higher Subnormal Temperature Little or No Reflexes Breathing May Stop DEATH NOTE: Chugging large amounts of alcohol in a short period of time can result in respiratory paralysis and death.

25 How does alcohol affect vision? Eye Focus Delayed ability to change focus close to far, the faster the worse. Double Vision impairs ability of eyes to work together. Closing eye would help, but no peripheral vision. Distance Can t do it accurately. Side Vision As alcohol increases, side vision decreases. Night Vision Eyes dilate. Can t control amount of light entering the eyes intensifies glare.

26 BAC s BAC form produce risk taking.03 diminish multitasking is 2.5 times more likely to be killed times more likely to be killed

27 Drugs and Driving Perception Judgment Coordination Vision Mood

28 Marijuana and Driving

29 Marijuana The active ingredient THC (delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol) impairs memory and learning perception (sight, sound, time, touch) problem-solving ability motor coordination tracking ability concentration

30 Other Types of Drugs and Driving Over the Counter Medications That Affect Driving Ability Antihistamines Cold Medications Prescription Medications Tranquilizers Stimulants t Narcotics Blood Pressure Insulin

31 DUI for: Alcohol Illegal drugs Prescription medication OTC medications

32 DUI Criminal offense (Jail), not traffic At arrest you will: Lose license for one week k(7d days) Spend the night in jail Post bail

33 Definition of Fatigue Fatigue: The Body s Downtime Follows a Period of: Extended mental activity Extended d physical activity it Characterized by: Reduced capacity for work Reduced efficiency of brain function

34 Examples of Fatigue Not enough sleep several days. Burnt out SAT/ACT test AP tests.

35 Circadian Rhythm Body s natural down time 1-5 PM Normal bedtime Night time

36 Delaying Fatigue Onset Avoid Long Drives Avoid Leaning Forward or Backward Keep Your Eyes Moving Get Plenty of Fresh Air

37 Three Types of Aggressive Drivers Quiet Road-Rage: Rage: complaining rushing competing resisting AAAAAGHH!!! YOU RE TOO SLOW~ MOVE!!! Verbal Road-Rage: Rage: yelling cussing staring honking insulting What s the hold up!!! Come on, HURRY UP LET S GO!!! Epic Road-Rage: Rage: cutting off blocking chasing fighting shooting

38 Aggressive Driving/Road Rage Most Crashes are NOT Accidents They are often the result of drivers who speed; tailgate; t run red lights; weave in and out of traffic; or vent frustrations or emotions in the vehicle.

39 Signs of an Aggressive Driver Tailgating to pressure a driver to go faster or get out of the way Flashing lights to signal the driver to move out of the way Weaving in and out of traffic Cutting people off Racing to beat a yellow light

40 Signs of an Aggressive Driver Behaving impatiently with slower drivers Honking the horn or screaming Speeding Not coming to a complete stop at stop signs Making gestures Passing on shoulder or unpaved areas

41 Factors Leading to Aggressive Driving/Road Rage More Traffic Congestion More Cars More Frustration More Stress More Hostility More Violence

42 Factors Leading to Aggressive Driving/Road Rage Did you know? In the past 30 years in the US: population has increased 30% number of licensed vehicles has increased 87% vehicle miles traveled increased 130% hi h it h l i d highway capacity has only increased 5%

43 Preventing Road Rage Don t Respond Stay COOL. Don t react to other drivers aggressive actions. Don t Engage -- recklessly. Don t Up the Ante -- personally. Swallow Your Pride Stay away from vehicles driving -- Don t take traffic problems -- Take a courteous and helpful attitude toward other drivers. Choose the Road LESS Traveled Avoid aggressive drivers by traveling less congested roadways.

44 Useful Attitudes DRIVING IS A COOPERATIVE VENTURE: NOT A COMPETITIVE SPORT!

45 Preventing Road Rage How will you respond?