ABSTRACT. Keywords: Auditor responsibilities; fraud; expectations gap; audit procedures; risk; materiality; audit quality.
|
|
- Bethanie Barber
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 How A Forensic Auditor Unraveled Fraud Allegation Contained In A Published Audit Report By - Auditing The Auditor During Course Litigation - An Actual Case Earl Hopewell, CPA; MBA; CFE ehopewell@yahoo.com Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL & Sidney Askew, CPA; MBA saskew@bmcc.cuny.edu City University of New York Borough of Manhattan Community College ABSTRACT Prosecutors and police raided the school district s central offices seizing all financial records and documents tangentially related to fraud allegations in an audit report that was released weeks earlier to the media. In the words of the arrested school superintendent, our offices were eviscerated and we were treated like criminals. Cook County States Attorney s Financial Integrity Investigative Unit arrived at the Illinois school district s central offices displaying subpoenas, badges and guns. All district office staff and personnel were gathered into a one large conference room by numerous armed law officials displaying badges while holding everyone under the watchful eyes for six hours while over 100 boxes of financial and personnel records were loaded into cargo vans. Over the next 5 years, certain school district employees and board members were paraded before grand juries contemplating criminal indictments, based in part, on a published audit report from a state agency. This factual case examines how a forensic accountant, designated as an expert witness, systematically employed generally accepted professional standards to vindicate school executives from fraud allegations flowing directly from a generally accepted governmental audit standard (GAGAS) audit report, signed by a state employee as a certified public accountant with the role and title of chief auditor of a state agency. This case offers both educators and practitioners empirical evidence how audit and accounting practices and standards can be employed by the forensic auditor and expert witness during the course of litigation whether benefiting the plaintiff or defendant. More important, educators and practitioners see how audit reports increasingly become prima-facie evidence for criminal prosecution by prosecutors Consequently, this case shows there is a role for the forensic auditor, acting as expert witness, to help minimize the criminalization of accounting through faulty auditing, in this way this actual case example becomes a case of first impression for the forensic field. Keywords: Auditor responsibilities; fraud; expectations gap; audit procedures; risk; materiality; audit quality.
2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE CONCLUSIONS BASES FOR CONCLUSIONS FOOTNOTES
3 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Public school districts are required by law to have their fiscal operations and annual financial statements audited annually. Financial audits(1) cover the use of funds derived from local tax levies, state grants, and/or federal grants. Having been issued a good(2) audit opinion on its annual financial statements by its external independent certified public accountants(3) and the Illinois State Board of Education ( ISBOE ) auditors(3) for , West Harvey Dixmoor Public School District 147 ( WHD No.147 ) received a bad(2) audit report, dated July 18, 2006, that stated your district had overstated the grant expenditures by $2,243,539, for fiscal years 2003, 2004 and 2005, as signed by Robert Wolfe, Certified Public Accountant, and issued under official ISBOE stationary from the External Assurance Division. Prior to this date only good(2) opinions had been given to WHD No.147 from its external independent auditors and ISBOE. The ISBOE audit for was an OMB Office of Management and Budget Circular A-133 audit conducted in accordance with Generally Accepted Government Auditing Standards (GAGAS) as required by the United States General Accounting Office ( GOA ) by the Comptroller General of the United States. Financial audits performed on state and local entities(4) are required to be conducted in accordance with GAGAS by certified public accountants who work for either government organizations or for profit private corporations, partnerships or individuals. GAGAS are the minimum standards used to evaluate an audit performance.
4 THE MINIMUM STANDARDS OF GAGAS AND GAAS Earl Hopewell, both a certified fraud examiner ( CFE ) and licensed certified public accountant ( CPA ) in several states including Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin, and is a member of Forensic Professionals, LLC., was retained in this matter of West Harvey Dixmoor School District No. 147 v. Illinois State Board of Education, for and by counsel, to ascertain whether ISBOE s External Assurance Division and its audit team followed generally accepted governmental auditing standards ( GAGAS ) and generally accepted auditing standards ( GAAS ) in performing various audits of the district and issuing audit opinions of the district. Materials produced in this litigation and made available to Hopewell include but not limited to ISBOE s External Assurance Division audit team work papers and the following: 1. ISBOE s External Assurance Division s July 18, 2006 Audit Report, 2. Various Selectively Produced ISBOE s Audit Team s, 3. Various Selectively Produced ISBOE s Audit Team Exit Conference Notes of February 14, 2006 and March 9, 2006, 4. Various Selectively Produced ISBOE s Gurrie, CPAs Management Letters Sent to ISBOE by Gurrie As Required by State Law, 5. Numerous Detailed Statement of Fund Accounts (DSFA) Reports by WHD No.147, 6. WHD No. 147 Chart of Accounts, 7. WHD No. 147 Financial Statements for 2003, 2004, 2005 and The materials not produced or made available to this expert to date are as follows:
5 1. ISBOE s External Assurance Division s audit team work papers for WHD No audit, 2. ISBOE s External Assurance Division s audit team work papers for WHD No audit, 3. ISBOE s External Assurance Division s audit team work papers for WHD No audit, 4. ISBOE s External Assurance Division s audit team work papers for WHD No audit, 5. ISBOE s External Assurance Division s audit team work papers for WHD No audit, 6. ISBOE s External Assurance Division s External Peer Review report for the past 5 years, 7. ISBOE s External Assurance Division s External Peer Review management letter for the past 5 years resulting from the external peer review. CONCLUSIONS LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE CASE
6 FOOTNOTES (1) Financial audits are primarily concerned with providing reasonable assurance about whether financial statements are presented fairly in all material respects in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), or with a comprehensive basis of accounting other than GAAP. Other objectives of financial audits, which provide for different levels of assurance and entail various scopes of work including auditing compliance with regulations relating to federal award expenditures and other governmental financial assistance in conjunction with or as a byproduct of a financial statement audit. GAGAS, Chapter 2. (2) Layman consider a good opinion an audit opinion that does not raise any substantive issue; this is generally called an unqualified audit report. Anything other than an unqualified audit report is considered a bad report from a layman s view. (3) AICPA Professional Standard and GAO s GAGAS standards interchangeably use the terms auditors, accountants, CPAs without any specific meanings. (4) Also see related exhibits following this page. (5) AICPA Professional Standards states that whether an act is, in fact, illegal is a determination that is normally beyond the accountant s professional competence. The accountant s training, experience, and understanding of the client and its industry may provide a basis for recognition that some acts coming to his attention may be illegal. However, the determination as to whether a particular act is illegal would generally be based on the advice of an informed expert qualified to practice law such as the petitioner s or respondent s legal counsel or the final determination by a court of law (AU ). (6) Hopewell proffers examples from his over 15 years of teaching the auditing course along with numerous other accounting courses at various colleges and universities: Auditing, 5 th Edition by Guy, Alderman and Winters, Dryden Press, 1999, P.15., and Auditing, 5 th Edition, Taylor and Glezen, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.1991, P.27., and Principles of Auditing, 16 th Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2008, P.12. (7) Registered Certified Public Accountant is a new titled required by the Illinois Public Accounting Act that allows one to use the initials CPA without acting as a duly Public Accountant. (8) See Financial Accounting, Warren Reeve, Thompson South-Western, 9th Edition, 2007, P.162, Accounting Cycle Steps (Also See Exhibit 10 in this expert report). (9) AICPA Professional Standard No. AU , states misstatements arising from fraudulent financial reporting or omissions are intentional misstatements or omissions of amounts meant to deceive the users of the financials. (10) AICPA Professional Standard No. AU Section states that although fraud is a broad legal concept, the accountant s interest specifically relates fraudulent acts that cause a material misstatement of financials. (11) AICPA Professional Standard No. AU Section 110, Responsibility and Functions of the Independent Accountant, states that the accountant has a responsibility to determine whether financials are free of material misstatement, whether caused by error or fraud He does not purport to act in the capacity of a lawyer and may appropriately rely upon the advice of attorneys in all matters of law For those illegal acts that are defined as having a direct and material misstatement effect on the determination of amounts in financials resulting from such illegal acts is defined by AU Section 317, Illegal Acts by Clients, the accountant s responsibility is to detect misstatements resulting from such illegal acts is the same as that for error or fraud The accountant s responsibility is confined to the expression of his or her opinion on financials Because of the nature of audit evidence and the characteristics of fraud, the accountant is able to obtain reasonable assurance that material misstatements are detected. (12) AICPA Professional Standard No. AU 150, Generally Accepted Auditing Standards, states that materiality is inherent in the work of the accountant. (13) AICPA Professional Standard No. AU Section 210, Training and Proficiency of the Accountant, states that the accountant holds himself out as one who is proficient in accounting and auditing of financials.his or her formal education and professional experience complement one another He is retained to audit and/or report upon the financials of a business because through his training, experience, and expertise, he has become skilled in accounting and auditing and has the acquired ability to consider objectively and exercise independent judgment with respect to the information recorded in books of account or otherwise disclosed by his procedures. (14) AICPA Professional Standard No. 329, Analytical Procedures, states that analytical procedures are an important process that consist of evaluation of financial information made by a study of plausible relationships among both financial and nonfinancial data ranging from simple comparisons to the use of complex models involving many relationships and elements of data. A basic premise underlying the application of analytical procedures is that plausible relationships among data may reasonably be expected to exist and continue in the absence of known conditions to the contrary. The accountant should evaluate significant unexpected differences. In those cases when an explanation for the difference cannot be obtained, the accountant should ordinarily be corroborated with other evidential matter. The accountant should obtain sufficient evidence and perform other procedures to satisfy himself as to whether the difference is a likely misstatement. The
7 difference if further unexplained may indicate an increase risk of material misstatement (See AICPA Professional Standard AU 316, Consideration of Fraud In A Financial Statement). (15) AICPA Professional Standard No.AU 411, The Meaning of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, states that generally accepted accounting principles is a technical term that encompasses the conventions, rules, procedures and practices and also broad guidelines that define accepted accounting practices at a particular time. Those items provide a standard by which to measure financial presentations. Without this framework, there is no way to judge the presentation of financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in financials. (16) AICPA Professional Standards states that whether an act is, in fact, illegal is a determination that is normally beyond the accountant s professional competence. The accountant s training, experience, and understanding of the client and its industry may provide a basis for recognition that some client acts coming to his attention may be illegal. However, the determination as to whether a particular act is illegal would generally be based on the advice of an informed expert qualified to practice law such as the petitioner s or respondent s legal counsel or the final determination by a court of law (AU ). (17) AICPA Professional Standards states that illegal acts vary in relation to the financial statement. Generally, the further removed an illegal act is from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely the accountant is to become aware of the possible illegality.
Analytical Procedures
Analytical Procedures 1889 AU Section 329 Analytical Procedures (Supersedes section 318.) Source: SAS No. 56; SAS No. 96. Effective for audits of financial statements for periods beginning on or after
More informationForensic Accounting Fraud Investigations
BVFLS_titlepage.qxp 7/25/2007 2:14 PM Page 1 PRACTICE AID 07-1 9590-384 AME RICAN INSTITUTE OF C E R T IFIED P UBLIC A C C O U N TA N T S Business Valuation and Forensic & Litigation Services Section Forensic
More informationManagement s Discussion and Analysis
Management s Discussion and Analysis 1473 AT Section 701 Management s Discussion and Analysis Source: SSAE No. 10. Effective when management s discussion and analysis is for a period ending on or after
More informationConsideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit
Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit 1719 AU Section 316 Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit (Supersedes SAS No. 82.) Source: SAS No. 99; SAS No. 113. Effective for audits
More informationCompilation of Financial Statements
Compilation of Financial Statements 2011 AR Section 80 Compilation of Financial Statements Issue date, unless otherwise indicated: December 2009 See section 9080 for interpretations of this section. Source:
More information5:31-7 LOCAL AUTHORITIES - ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING
5:31-7 LOCAL AUTHORITIES - ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING 5:31-7.1 Accounting and financial reporting systems (a) The accounting system consists of the methods and records established to identify, assemble, analyze,
More informationInquiry of a Client s Lawyer Concerning Litigation, Claims, and Assessments 1
Inquiry of a Client s Lawyer 1985 AU Section 337 Inquiry of a Client s Lawyer Concerning Litigation, Claims, and Assessments 1 Source: SAS No. 12. See section 9337 for interpretations of this section.
More informationCompilation of Specified Elements, Accounts, or Items of a Financial Statement
Compilation of Specified Elements 1731 AR Section 110 Compilation of Specified Elements, Accounts, or Items of a Financial Statement Issue date, unless otherwise indicated: July 2005 Source: SSARS No.
More informationSSARS 21 Review, Compilation, and Preparation of Financial Statements
SSARS 21 Review, Compilation, and Preparation of Financial Statements Course Objectives Provide background information that resulted in SSARS 21 Introduce new Preparation Standard Compare the Compilation
More informationSONOMA COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEY WORKERS COMPENSATION INSURANCE FRAUD PROGRAM AUDIT REPORT FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2008
WORKERS COMPENSATION INSURANCE FRAUD PROGRAM AUDIT REPORT FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2008 WORKERS COMPENSATION INSURANCE FRAUD PROGRAM Audit Report For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2008 T A B
More informationRobert A. Bauerschmidt graduated cum laude from The University of Illinois College of Law in May, 1990 and received his Bachelor of Arts Degree from
Robert A. Bauerschmidt graduated cum laude from The University of Illinois College of Law in May, 1990 and received his Bachelor of Arts Degree from The University of Michigan in May, 1987. In 1990, he
More informationBulletin 2006-007. Date Issued: June 28, 2006. All Public Offices Independent Public Accountants. Betty Montgomery Ohio Auditor of State
Date Issued: June 28, 2006 Bulletin 2006-007 TO: FROM: All Public Offices Independent Public Accountants Betty Montgomery Ohio Auditor of State SUBJECT: Public Contracting/Required Financial Reviews (Sections
More informationFinancial Forecasts and Projections
Financial Forecasts and Projections 1345 AT Section 301 Financial Forecasts and Projections Source: SSAE No. 10; SSAE No. 11; SSAE No. 17. Effective when the date of the practitioner s report is on or
More informationBOARD OF EDUCATION OF BALTIMORE COUNTY OFFICE OF INTERNAL AUDIT - OPERATIONS MANUAL INTERNAL AUDIT OPERATIONS MANUAL
BOARD OF EDUCATION OF BALTIMORE COUNTY INTERNAL AUDIT OPERATIONS MANUAL BACKGROUND The Office of Internal Audit Operations Manual was developed to be used as a guide and resource for the Office of Internal
More informationCompliance Audits 2463. Effective for compliance audits for fiscal periods ending on or after June 15, 2010. Earlier application is permitted.
Compliance Audits 2463 AU Section 801 Compliance Audits (Supersedes SAS No. 74.) Source: SAS No. 117. Effective for compliance audits for fiscal periods ending on or after June 15, 2010. Earlier application
More informationReview of Financial Statements
Review of Financial Statements 2055 AR Section 90 Review of Financial Statements Issue date, unless otherwise indicated: December 2009 See section 9090 for interpretations of this section. Source: SSARS
More informationRULES OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL
RULES OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL CHAPTER 10.800 AUDITS OF DISTRICT SCHOOL BOARDS EFFECTIVE 06-30-12 RULES OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL CHAPTER 10.800 TABLE OF CONTENTS Rule Description Page Section No. PREFACE TO
More informationChapter 5 SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 5 SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE TABLE OF CONTENTS SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE... 5-1 Examination Objectives... 5-1 Associated Risks... 5-1 Overview... 5. 1 Scope Development and Planning... 5-2 Meeting with
More informationSONOMA COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEY WORKERS COMPENSATION INSURANCE FRAUD PROGRAM AUDIT REPORT FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2007
WORKERS COMPENSATION INSURANCE FRAUD PROGRAM AUDIT REPORT FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2007 WORKERS COMPENSATION INSURANCE FRAUD PROGRAM Audit Report For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2007 T A B
More informationAudit Documentation 2029. See section 9339 for interpretations of this section.
Audit Documentation 2029 AU Section 339 Audit Documentation (Supersedes SAS No. 96.) Source: SAS No. 103. See section 9339 for interpretations of this section. Effective for audits of financial statements
More informationSonoma County District Attorney Automobile Insurance Fraud Program. Audit Report For The Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2011
Audit Report For The Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2011 DONNA DUNK Interim AuditorController TreasurerTax Collector Audit Report For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2011 T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s AuditorController's
More informationConsideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements
Consideration of Laws and Regulations 193 AU-C Section 250 Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements Source: SAS No. 122. Effective for audits of financial statements for
More informationGUIDELINES FOR AUDITS OF COUNTY AND CITY HOSPITALS BY INDEPENDENT CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMS
GUIDELINES FOR AUDITS OF COUNTY AND CITY HOSPITALS BY INDEPENDENT CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMS ISSUED JUNE 2002 INTRODUCTION On March 21, 2002, Public Law 91, 2002 amended IC 16-22-3-12 to allow county
More informationChapter 7--Accepting the Engagement and Planning the Audit
Chapter 7--Accepting the Engagement and Planning the Audit There are four phases of an audit: 1--accepting the audit engagement 2--planning the audit 3--performing audit tests 4--reporting the findings
More informationCommunications Between Predecessor and Successor Auditors
Communications Between Predecessor and Successor Auditors 1711 AU Section 315 Communications Between Predecessor and Successor Auditors (Supersedes SAS No. 7.) Source: SAS No. 84; SAS No. 93. Effective
More informationUnderstanding the Entity and Its Environment and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement
Understanding the Entity and Its Environment 1667 AU Section 314 Understanding the Entity and Its Environment and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement (Supersedes SAS No. 55.) Source: SAS No. 109.
More informationAccounting 408 Test 3b Section Row
Accounting 408 Test 3b Name Section Row Multiple Choice. (2 points each) Read the following questions carefully and indicate the one best answer to each question by placing an X (do not circle) over the
More informationCOUNTY OF SAN DIEGO DISABILITY AND HEALTH CARE INSURANCE FRAUD GRANT ST A TEMENT OF REVENUES, EXPENDITURES, AND CHANGES IN GRANT BALANCE
DISABILITY AND HEALTH CARE INSURANCE FRAUD GRANT ST A TEMENT OF REVENUES, EXPENDITURES, AND CHANGES IN GRANT BALANCE For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2011 DISABILITY AND HEALTHCARE INSURANCE FRAUD GRANT
More information2000.04 REV-2 CHG-17 1-1
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL AUDIT GUIDANCE 1-1. Purpose. This audit guide is to assist the independent auditor (auditor) in performing audits of profit-motivated entities that are subject to the U.S. Department
More informationDepartment, Board, Or Commission Author Bill Number
BILL ANALYSIS Department, Board, Or Commission Author Bill Number Franchise Tax Board Leno SB 467 SUBJECT Privacy/Electronic Communication/Warrants SUMMARY The bill would require the department to obtain
More informationRULES OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL
RULES OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL CHAPTER 10.850 AUDITS OF CHARTER SCHOOLS AND SIMILAR ENTITIES, FLORIDA VIRTUAL SCHOOL, AND VIRTUAL INSTRUCTION PROGRAM PROVIDERS EFFECTIVE 06-30-15 RULES OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL
More informationOur mission to the public *DETERMINING VALUE * INVESTIGATING FRAUD*
MANSOUR CONSULTING CPA FIRM 7248 BASSWOOD DRIVE WEST CHESTER, OHIO, 45069 Phone: (513) 779-4200 *Fax: (513) 779-6060 *jbmcpa@cinci.rr.com web: www.mansourcpa.com Our Company Motto Leave no client standing
More informationREFERENCE DOCUMENT FOR AUDITS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF NEW YORK STATE SCHOOL DISTRICTS
The University of the State of New York The State Education Department Educational Management Services REFERENCE DOCUMENT FOR AUDITS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF NEW YORK STATE SCHOOL DISTRICTS (Eight or
More informationSESSION 3 AUDIT PLANNING
SESSION 3 AUDIT PLANNING Learning Objectives: identify and explain the need for planning an audit identify and describe the contents of the overall audit strategy and the audit plan explain the difference
More informationConviction Integrity Unit Best Practices October 15, 2015
Conviction Integrity Unit Best Practices October 15, 2015 District Attorney s offices are increasingly creating Conviction Integrity Units (CIUs) to re examine questionable convictions and guard against
More informationAppendix A. Specific Learning Objectives by Course
Appendix A by Course MGMT 0630: Foundations in Ethics: Applications to Business and the CPA Profession Identify the regulatory bodies that regulate the CPA profession. Discuss the Code of Professional
More informationCompilation of Financial Statements: Accounting and Review Services Interpretations of Section 80
Compilation of Financial Statements 2035 AR Section 9080 Compilation of Financial Statements: Accounting and Review Services Interpretations of Section 80 1. Reporting When There Are Significant Departures
More informationPublic Integrity Criminal Law for the Municipal Attorney By Julia Davis
Public Integrity Criminal Law for the Municipal Attorney By Julia Davis You are an attorney with Municipal City s law department and your supervisor calls you with an urgent assignment: Joe Public Servant
More informationKAREN KINCAID BALMER, CPA, CFF, CFE, CrFA
KAREN KINCAID BALMER, CPA, CFF, CFE, CrFA Forensic Accounting and Litigation Services Contact Information: 917-301-5897 320 East 46 th Street 5G, New York, NY 10017 karenbalmer@kcfacpa.com As a Certified
More informationIN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF MISSOURI WESTERN DIVISION
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF MISSOURI WESTERN DIVISION UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) vs. ) Case No. 09-00296-03-CR-W-FJG ) ROBERT E. STEWART, ) ) Defendant.
More informationThe auditors responsibility to consider fraud in an audit of financial statements
The auditors responsibility to consider fraud in an audit of financial statements Audit in a nutshell Reality Picture (= financial statements) Balance sheet Assets Liabilities Equity Process Detection
More informationFramework for Performing and Reporting on Compilation and Review Engagements
Compilation and Review Engagements 1999 AR Section 60 Framework for Performing and Reporting on Compilation and Review Engagements Issue date, unless otherwise indicated: December 2009 Source: SSARS No.
More informationRisk Assessment Standards
Risk Assessment Standards Virginia Government Finance Officer's Association Spring Conference May 23, 2008 P R C P KMPG LLP J M P C B H H H T M AICPA Presentation Objectives 1. Discuss background of risk
More informationSection 10A and the Internal Investigations at Financial Institutions. By: Thomas P. Vartanian* Lawrence R. Bard Travis P. Nelson
Introduction Section 10A and the Internal Investigations at Financial Institutions By: Thomas P. Vartanian* Lawrence R. Bard Travis P. Nelson In 1995 Congress added Section 10A to the Securities Exchange
More informationAnalytical Procedures
Analytical Procedures 483 AU-C Section 520 Analytical Procedures Source: SAS No. 122. Effective for audits of financial statements for periods ending on or after December 15, 2012. Introduction Scope of
More informationHow To Write A Financial Audit
Overall Objectives of the Independent Auditor 77 AU-C Section 200 Overall Objectives of the Independent Auditor and the Conduct of an Audit in Accordance With Generally Accepted Auditing Standards Source:
More informationUnderstanding the Entity and Its Environment and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement
Understanding the Entity and Its Environment 267 AU-C Section 315 Understanding the Entity and Its Environment and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement Source: SAS No. 122; SAS No. 128. Effective
More informationPractice Aid 10 1. Serving as an. Expert Witness. or Consultant 10639-378
Practice Aid 10 1 Serving as an Expert Witness or Consultant 10639-378 NOTICE TO READERS This publication is designed to provide illustrative information with respect to the subject matter covered. It
More informationREGIONAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION #28 BUREAU/HENRY/STARK COUNTIES
REGIONAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION #28 BUREAU/HENRY/STARK COUNTIES FINANCIAL AUDIT (In Accordance with the Single Audit Act and OMB Circular A-133) For the Year Ended: June 30, 2010 Release Date: August 18,
More informationThe Litigators Guide to Auditors Malpractice Liability: Consequences of Failures to Understand the Reporting Entity s Internal Controls
The Litigators Guide to Auditors Malpractice Liability: Consequences of Failures to Understand the Reporting Entity s Internal Controls By Barry J. Epstein, Ph.D., CPA, CFF Russell Novak & Company LLP
More informationForensic Accounting: Relevance In Corporate Governance
Forensic Accounting: Relevance In Corporate Governance Govind Teju Rathod Vishakha s. Gavali Head MBA Program, BIGCE, Assistant Professor, BIGCE, Faculty of Management Studies, Solapur. Faculty of Management
More informationThe Office of the State Appellate Defender
The Office of the State Appellate Defender http://www.illinois.gov/osad Last Updated: January 22, 2014 GENERAL INFORMATION - DO I QUALIFY? GUIDE TO EXPUNGE OR SEAL YOUR ILLINOIS JUVENILE RECORD Section
More informationSTATE OF ARIZONA, Appellee, ROY MATTHEW SOVINE, Appellant. No. 1 CA-CR 14-0094
NOTICE: NOT FOR PUBLICATION. UNDER ARIZONA RULE OF THE SUPREME COURT 111(c), THIS DECISION DOES NOT CREATE LEGAL PRECEDENT AND MAY NOT BE CITED EXCEPT AS AUTHORIZED. IN THE ARIZONA COURT OF APPEALS DIVISION
More informationGUIDELINES INDEPENDENT CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS PERFORMING FINANCIAL STATEMENT AUDITS OF STATE AGENCIES
GUIDELINES TO INDEPENDENT CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS PERFORMING FINANCIAL STATEMENT AUDITS OF STATE AGENCIES STATE AUDITOR Robert R. Peterson 1 GUIDELINES TO CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS PERFORMING FINANCIAL
More informationUNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF MINNESOTA Criminal No.:
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF MINNESOTA Criminal No.: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ) ) Plaintiff, ) DEFERRED PROSECUTION ) AGREEMENT v. ) ) BIXBY ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC., ) ) Defendant. ) The United
More informationFOR FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE
COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO OFFICE OF DISTRICT ATTORNEY ORGANIZED AUTOMOBILE FRAUD ACTIVITY (URBAN AUTO) INSURANCE FRAUD GRANT STATEMENT OF REVENUES, EXPENDITURES AND CHANGES IN GRANT BALANCE AUDIT REPORT FOR
More informationINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON AUDITING 520 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES CONTENTS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON AUDITING 520 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES (Effective for audits of financial statements for periods beginning on or after December 15, 2009) CONTENTS Paragraph Introduction Scope of
More informationUNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO AT BAYAM BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT Bachelor s Degree in Accounting SYLLABUS CODIFICATION : CONT 4017
UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO AT BAYAM BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT Bachelor s Degree in Accounting SYLLABUS COURSE TITLE : Auditing CODIFICATION : CONT 4017 CREDIT HOURS : Three (3) PREREQUISITES :
More informationEXECUTIVE ORDER (Language Services in the Courts)
SUPREME COURT No. 2012-05 EXECUTIVE ORDER (Language Services in the Courts) Pursuant to the authority granted to the Chief Justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court by 8-15-2 of the Rhode Island General
More informationTASK LIST UTILITIES SERVICE INVESTIGATOR (CLASS CODE 1631)
TASK LIST UTILITIES SERVICE INVESTIGATOR (CLASS CODE 1631) 1. Initiates investigations of alleged loss or theft of department property such as inventory, assets, and/or cash after notification of such
More informationOrange County Industrial Development Authority (a component unit of Orange County, Florida)
Orange County Industrial Development Authority Financial Statements Years Ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 Orange County Industrial Development Authority Contents Management s Discussion and Analysis
More informationSonoma County District Attorney Workers' Compensation Insurance Fraud Program. Audit Report For The Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2011
Audit Report For The Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2011 DONNA DUNK Interim Auditor-Controller Treasurer-Tax Collector Audit Report For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2011 T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s Auditor-Controller's
More informationINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON AUDITING 800 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS AUDITS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PREPARED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SPECIAL PURPOSE FRAMEWORKS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON AUDITING 800 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS AUDITS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PREPARED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SPECIAL PURPOSE FRAMEWORKS (Effective for audits of financial statements for periods
More informationGovernment Auditing Standards
United States General Accounting Office By the Comptroller General of the United States 1988 Revision Government Auditing Standards United States General Accounting Office By the Comptroller General of
More informationMahoning County Criminal Local Rules of Court. Table of Contents. 2 Grand Jury 2. 3 Dismissals.. 3. 4 Appointment of Counsel... 4
Mahoning County Criminal Local Rules of Court Table of Contents Rule Page 1 Applicability. 1 2 Grand Jury 2 3 Dismissals.. 3 4 Appointment of Counsel...... 4 5 Case Filing and Court Designation. 6 6 Arraignment...
More informationTHE FIFTH ADMINISTRATIVE JUDICIAL REGION OF TEXAS
THE FIFTH ADMINISTRATIVE JUDICIAL REGION OF TEXAS APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL AS QUALIFIED COUNSEL IN DEATH PENALTY CASES To be filled in by Region only: Application No. - Received on: By: I,, State Bar Card
More informationWhite Collar Criminal Defense, Internal Investigations & Corporate Compliance
Butzel Long :: Practice :: Practice Teams :: White Collar Criminal Defense, Internal Investigations & Corporate Compliance Team Contacts David F. DuMouchel Related Lawyers George B. Donnini Damien DuMouchel
More informationStages of the Audit Process
Chapter 5 Stages of the Audit Process Learning Objectives Upon completion of this chapter you should be able to explain: LO 1 Explain the audit process. LO 2 Accept a new client or confirming the continuance
More informationINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON AUDITING (UK AND IRELAND) 520 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES CONTENTS
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON AUDITING (UK AND IRELAND) 520 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES CONTENTS Paragraph Introduction... 1-3-4 Nature and Purpose of Analytical Procedures... 4-7 Analytical Procedures as Risk Assessment
More informationFilings With the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Under the Securities Act of 1933
Filings With the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 1073 AU-C Section 925 Filings With the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Under the Securities Act of 1933 Source: SAS No. 122. Effective for
More informationHow To Work At L.F.Harper & Associates, Cpa, Ppa
The CPA Firm of Distinction STATEMENT OF CAPABILITIES 2007 Company Designations CAGE CODE: IX5J4 Duns Number: 094473381 Certified SBA 8(a) Firm Certified Federal Small Disadvantaged Business Defense Security
More informationOFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES ATTORNEY SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA San Diego, California. United States Attorney Laura E. Duffy
NEWS RELEASE OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES ATTORNEY SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA San Diego, California United States Attorney Laura E. Duffy For Further Information, Contact: For Immediate Release Assistant
More informationUnited States Attorney Southern District of New York
United States Attorney Southern District of New York FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE MAY 27, 2010 CONTACT: U.S. ATTORNEY'S OFFICE YUSILL SCRIBNER, JANICE OH PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE (212) 637-2600 NEW YORK COUNTY
More informationThe Auditor s Consideration of the Internal Audit Function in an Audit of Financial Statements
Auditor s Consideration of Internal Audit Function 1805 AU Section 322 The Auditor s Consideration of the Internal Audit Function in an Audit of Financial Statements (Supersedes SAS No. 9.) Source: SAS
More informationInquiry of a Client s Lawyer Concerning Litigation, Claims, and Assessments: Auditing Interpretations of Section 337
Inquiry of a Client s Lawyer 2017 AU Section 9337 Inquiry of a Client s Lawyer Concerning Litigation, Claims, and Assessments: Auditing Interpretations of Section 337 1. Specifying Relevant Date in an
More informationRESUME OF MYLES L. BERMAN
RESUME OF MYLES L. BERMAN EDUCATION: J.D. - Chicago-Kent College of Law, 1979 B.A. - University of Illinois, 1976 PROFESSIONAL LICENSES: State Bar of Illinois, 1980 State Bar of California, 1987 Northern
More informationThe Confirmation Process
The Confirmation Process 1897 AU Section 330 The Confirmation Process (Supersedes section 331.03.08.) Source: SAS No. 67. Effective for audits of fiscal periods ending after June 15, 1992, unless otherwise
More informationConsideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements
HKSA 250 Issued July 2009; revised July 2010 Effective for audits of financial statements for periods beginning on or after 15 December 2009 Hong Kong Standard on Auditing 250 Consideration of Laws and
More informationPiec ing together financ ial puzzles
Piec ing together financ ial puzzles Stephen Pedneault, CPA/CFF, FCPA, CFE Stephen Pedneault is the Principal of Forensic Accounting Services, LLC, a Glastonbury, Connecticut CPA firm, focused exclusively
More informationClerk of the Court of Common Pleas and Adult Probation Department Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania For the Period January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2012
ATTESTATION ENGAGEMENT Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas and Adult Probation Department Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania For the Period January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2012 February 2015 Independent Auditor
More informationCLERK OF THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS/ PUBLIC DEFENDER S OFFICE/JUVENILE SERVICES DIVISION
CLERK OF THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS/ PUBLIC DEFENDER S OFFICE/JUVENILE SERVICES DIVISION EXAMINATION REPORT CONTENTS Independent Auditor s Report... 1 Financial Section: Statement Of Receipts And Disbursements...
More informationCompliance Risk Management IT Governance Assurance
Compliance Risk Management IT Governance Assurance Sigma Technology Partners offers its clients number of assurance services including SAS 70 Type I and SAS 70 Type II audits. Our team of CPA s, CISA s
More information10/29/2012. In any professional service, a member shall maintain objectivity and integrity, shall be free from conflicts of interest.
Jonathan E. Strouse Holland & Knight LLP 131 S. Dearborn, 30th Floor Chicago, IL 60603 312-715-5741 jonathan.strouse@hklaw.com 1 1. Introduction 2. (No Circular 230 Discussion) 3. ET Section 102 and Interpretation
More informationGAO. Government Auditing Standards. 2003 Revision. By the Comptroller General of the United States. United States General Accounting Office.
GAO United States General Accounting Office By the Comptroller General of the United States June 2003 Government Auditing Standards 2003 Revision GAO-03-673G GAO United States General Accounting Office
More information) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
1666 K Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20006 Telephone: (202) 207-9100 Facsimile: (202)862-8430 PROPOSED AUDITING STANDARD RELATED TO CONFIRMATION AND RELATED AMENDMENTS TO PCAOB STANDARDS ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
More informationTop Ten Red Flags: When it s Time to Engage a Forensic Accountant in Divorce Litigation
Top Ten Red Flags: When it s Time to Engage a Forensic Accountant in Divorce Litigation Selecting a forensic accountant in a family law case can be a difficult decision and their role will vary from case
More informationUniversity of Florida, Fisher School of Accounting Masters of Accountancy, 1992 Bachelor of Science, Accounting, 1990
CURRICULUM VITAE KAREN B. FORTUNE Certified Public Accountant Certified in Financial Forensics Masters of Accountancy EDUCATION University of Florida, Fisher School of Accounting Masters of Accountancy,
More informationSTANDING ADVISORY GROUP MEETING
1666 K Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20006 Telephone: (202) 207-9100 Facsimile: (202) 862-8430 www.pcaobus.org RISK ASSESSMENT IN FINANCIAL STATEMENT AUDITS Introduction The Standing Advisory Group ("SAG")
More information08-01789-brl Doc 5399 Filed 06/27/13 Entered 06/27/13 12:27:17 Main Document Pg 1 of 8
Pg 1 of 8 UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK SECURITIES INVESTOR PROTECTION CORPORATION, Plaintiff-Applicant, v. Adv. Pro. No. 08-01789 (BRL) SIPA Liquidation (Substantively Consolidated)
More informationAn Introduction to the Federal Public Defender=s Office and the Federal Court System
Some Things You Should Know An Introduction to the Federal Public Defender=s Office and the Federal Court System Office of the Federal Public Defender Southern District of West Virginia 300 Virginia Street
More informationForensic Accounting. A Glimpse Into Forensic Accounting. Portland State University. 10.29.14 Professional Nancy Young, CPA, CISA, CFE Moss Adams, LLP
Forensic Accounting A Glimpse Into Forensic Accounting 10.29.14 Professional Nancy Young, CPA, CISA, CFE Moss Adams, LLP Summary by Michael Wong Manager of Presentations εα Portland State University Introduction
More information) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) OBSERVATIONS ON AUDITORS' IMPLEMENTATION OF PCAOB STANDARDS RELATING TO AUDITORS' RESPONSIBILITIES WITH RESPECT TO FRAUD
1666 K Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20006 Telephone: (202 207-9100 Facsimile: (202862-8430 www.pcaobus.org OBSERVATIONS ON AUDITORS' IMPLEMENTATION OF PCAOB STANDARDS RELATING TO AUDITORS' RESPONSIBILITIES
More informationRULES OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL
RULES OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL CHAPTER 10.550 LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL ENTITY AUDITS EFFECTIVE 9-30-15 RULES OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL CHAPTER 10.550 TABLE OF CONTENTS Rule Description Page Section No. PREFACE TO
More informationChapter 9 Audit Process Page 9.1
Chapter 9 Audit Process Page 9.1 Chapter 9 Contents Section 1 Difference between Auditing and Accounting Section 2 Audit Requirement Section 3 Types of Audits/Audit Process Section 4 Selection of an Independent
More informationLarry Laine, Deputy Land Commissioner and Chief Clerk. Annual Report on the Internal Audit Quality Assurance and Improvement Program
DATE: TO: FROM: SUBJECT: Larry Laine, Deputy Land Commissioner and Chief Clerk Tracey Hall, Deputy Commissioner of Internal Audit Annual Report on the Internal Audit The following report is presented in
More informationHow To Help A Business With A Financial Crisis
FORENSIC ACCOUNTING, BUSINESS VALUATION & LITIGATION SUPPORT CONTACT US MICHAEL COHEN, CPA, CFE, Partner 949.261.8600 x 2149 mcohen@singerlewak.com JOHN KIRBY, ASA, JD 310.477.3924 x 1404 jkirby@singerlewak.com
More informationPresented by: Donald F. Conway, CPA Mercadien, P.C., Certified Public Accountants. Forensic Accounting, Political Corruption & White Collar Offenses
Presented by: Donald F. Conway, CPA Mercadien, P.C., Certified Public Accountants Forensic Accounting, Political Corruption & White Collar Offenses Defining Fraud The dictionary defines fraud as a deception
More informationModifications to the Opinion in the Independent Auditor s Report
Modifications to the Opinion in the Independent Auditor s Report 771 AU-C Section 705 Modifications to the Opinion in the Independent Auditor s Report Source: SAS No. 122; SAS No. 123. Effective for audits
More informationM-CAT Enterprises, LLC - Proprietary Page 1
M-CAT Enterprises, LLC - Proprietary Page 1 Got a problem with the IRS? TOP 10 ANTI-FRAUD TAX RESOLUTION TIPS As several arrests have been taking place in the tax resolution industry and taxation agencies
More informationSTAFF AUDIT PRACTICE ALERT NO. 5 AUDITOR CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING SIGNIFICANT UNUSUAL TRANSACTIONS. April 7, 2010
1666 K Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20006 Telephone: (202) 207-9100 Facsimile: (202)862-8430 www.pcaobus.org STAFF AUDIT PRACTICE ALERT NO. 5 AUDITOR CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING SIGNIFICANT UNUSUAL TRANSACTIONS
More information