Australian Institute of Criminology DUMA Drug Use Monitoring in Australia Pilot Program

Transcription

1 DUMA Drug Use Monitoring in Australia Pilot Program Affiliated with I-ADAM [International Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring program] 1

2 Two Stories of Crime Prevention How to reduce the supply of motivated offenders How to make crime harder to commit 2

3 Four Groups Possession and use of drugs Selling/ producing/ trafficking drugs Use drugs and commit crime Commit crime and use drugs (unrelated) 3

4 Deterrence Australian Institute of Criminology Three Main Areas of Drug Law Enforcement Drug market disruption Supply side Demand side Coerced treatment 4

5 DUMA - Policy Aims Collect illicit drug prevalence data on ALL offenders Improve the quality of data available on illicit drug use in the offender population Provide an early warning system for changes in patterns of illicit drug use Provide aggregate data in a timely fashion 5

6 DUMA - Long term goals Build up trend data that will enable law enforcement to determine changes in patterns of use Identify the structures and operations of local illicit drug markets Build in evaluations of local law enforcement initiatives Build up a knowledge base of offender decision making processes 6

7 DUMA SITES funded until 2003 East Perth Watchhouse (-2003) Brisbane Watchhouse ( ) Southport Watchhouse (-2003) NSW sites (-2003) Bankstown Parramatta SA sites ( ) Adelaide City Watchhouse Elizabeth Watchhouse 7

8 DUMA Data collected SURVEY socio-demographic indicators arrest/offending indicators drug use indicators drug market indicators treatment indicators time of interview/interviewer characteristics URINALYSIS screen: cannabis, opiates, methadone, amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cocaine (ng/ml values) confirmatory: opiates, amphetamines, benzodiazepines (concentrations in ug/l) comments from interviewers 8

9 Socio-demographic profile, adults, (%) Males Females Total Complete less than 10 years schooling Married Living on the street past 30 days Employed full time past 30 days Government benefits past 30 days Been in prison past 12 months Been arrested in past 12 months Mean age in years (low to highest) (17-70) Note that adult is defined as 17+ years in Queensland and 18+ years in other jurisdictions Source: AIC, DUMA Collection - [Computer file] 9

10 Drug market activity, adults, (%) Sample size Sold drugs a Sample size Seeking drugs b Sample size Took drugs c Males Female Source: AIC, DUMA Collection - [Computer File] a Ever sold drugs b Seeking drugs at the time of arrest c Taken drugs at the time of arrest 10

11 Percent violent offenders testing positive, adult males, 25% to amphetamines 4% to cocaine 57% to cannabis 16% to opiates 70% tested positive to any* drug 45% percent tested positive to any drug excluding cannabis *Any drug includes amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cannabis, cocaine, methadone and opiates. This category may not necessarily reflect illegal use of a drug. 11

12 Percent property offenders testing positive, adult males, 33% to amphetamines 10% to cocaine 57% to cannabis 23% to opiates 77% tested positive to any* drug 60% percent tested positive to any drug excluding cannabis *Any drug includes amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cannabis, cocaine, methadone and opiates. This category may not necessarily reflect illegal use of a drug. 12

13 Percent traffic offenders testing positive, adult males, 34% to amphetamines 7% to cocaine 57% to cannabis 15% to opiates 75% tested positive to any* drug 53% percent tested positive to any drug excluding cannabis *Any drug includes amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cannabis, cocaine, methadone and opiates. This category may not necessarily reflect illegal use of a drug. 13

14 For each charge, % +ve, adult males, Violent Property Drugs Breaches Driving Opiate +ve Amphet +ve Cocaine +ve Source: AIC, DUMA Collection [Computer file] 14

15 Most serious offence of those testing positive to opiates, adult males, Violent Property Drugs DD Traffic Disorder Breaches Other Source: AIC, DUMA Collection - [Computer file] 15

16 Percent testing positive, opiates, adult males Bankstown East Perth Parramatta Brisbane 10 Southport Adelaide Elizabeth Source: AIC, DUMA Collection [Computer file] 16

17 Percent testing positive cocaine, adult males Bankstown 10 Parramatta 5 0 East Perth Southport Elizabeth Source: AIC, DUMA Collection [Computer file] 17

18 Percent testing positive amphetamines, adult males East Perth Adelaide 30 Parramatta Elizabeth 20 Brisbane 10 0 Southport Bankstown Source: AIC, DUMA Collection [Computer file] 18

19 Percent testing positive cannabis, adult males Southport East Perth Elizabeth Bankstown Parramatta Adelaide Brisbane Source: AIC, DUMA Collection [Computer file] 19

20 Addendums Heroin market Amphetamine market Stolen property market Weapons Drug Driving 20

21 Law Enforcement Prevention Strategies Primary prevention Treatment programs Diversion schemes/ coerced treatment Deterrence of illicit drug use Police crackdowns 21

22 Police Approaches to Drug Law Enforcement Integrated street level enforcement Strategic intelligence systems Diversion schemes 22

23 Five Strategies Co-coordinated agency outcome focus Better data access Inclusive staff work Trust building initiatives Monitor and evaluate 23