Chapter 2. Birth of the Internet. Introduction. The Internet, The Web, and Electronic Commerce

Transcription

1 Chapter 2 The Internet, The Web, and Electronic Commerce McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Introduction The Internet is often referred to as the Information Superhighway because it connects millions of people across the globe. Unlike a typical highway, the Internet moves idea and information. The Web provides an easy-to-use, intuitive interface to connect to the Internet and is used by millions of people every day. A Network of networks Page 29 2 Birth of the Internet At about 10:30 PM on October 29th, 1969, a connection was established over a 50 kbps line provided by the AT&T telephone company, and a two node Internet was born. It was between UCLA and the computer firm, BBN. It was the first wide area packet switching network -the first Internet Transmission 1969 The ARPANET Developed by the Department of Defense Connected universities and defense bases first connection to Europe 3

2 Hear an interview with Leonard Kleinrock, who conducted the first ARPANET/Internet message from UCLA to SRI in Menlo Park in title= More about the first transmission itself (and the first nodes of the Internet): 4 ARPANET TOP LEVEL DOMAINS 1973 See the Root Servers of the Internet today! 5 Mid-1980s NSFNet Network between supercomputers The Internet was comprised of links between ARPANET, NSFNET and other research networks No commercial traffic allowed 6

3 1990s ARPANET shut down NSFNet abandoned Commercial networks take over And yes, Al Gore did help pass legislation that helped the Internet become what it is today: he co-sponsored the Information and Technology Act of 1992 (allowed commercial traffic on the Internet). 7 Abilene An advanced Internet backbone available by subscription only The second Internet For $21,000 you can be a basic member! 8 Today and the Future 100,000 new web sites per month More than 248 million U.S. households online Access is available throughout the U.S. Eventually access will be global 9

4 10 Common Internet Uses Communicating Exchange Discussion Groups Online shopping Searching Virtual Libraries Entertainment Education or e-learning Page Internet Access Providers Common way to access the Internet Commercial Internet Service Providers (ISP) National Service Providers Regional Service Provider Wireless service providers Page 31 12

5 Page 31 Browsers Programs that provide access to Web resources Allow you to surf the Internet Three well-known browsers Mozilla Firefox Netscape Communications Microsoft Internet Explorer Address or location of the resource must be specified URL 13 URLs Uniform Resource Locators All URLs have at least two parts Protocol Domain name Locates Web sites Page Browsers interpret HTML commands Hypertext Markup Language Contained in a document Display document as a Web page Tim Berners-Lee: created the GUI Web we know today In 1989 he invented the World Wide Web, an internet-based hypermedia initiative for global information sharing while at CERN, the European Particle Physics Laboratory. He wrote the first web client and server in Page 33 15

6 Communication Most popular Internet activity Types of communication Electronic Mail ( ) Address Spam Instant Messaging Social Networking Page Spam Junk and/or unwanted Computer viruses or destructive programs are often attached to unsolicited CAN-SPAM Act Spam blockers incorporate a myriad of approached to identify and control spam Spam blockers are also referred to as: Junk mail filters Anti-spam programs Page Social Networking One of the fastest growing uses of the Internet Three basic categories: Reunite Friend of a friend Common interest 18

7 Search Tools Search engines Metasearch engines Specialized search engines Tips Start with the right approach Be as precise as possible Use multiple words Use Boolean operators Check your spelling Keep moving Page Metasearch Engines Metasearch Dogpile Ixquick MetaCrawler Search Web Meta Search Site Electronic Commerce Also known as e-commerce Buying and selling of goods over the Internet Business-to-consumer (B2C) Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) Web auctions Business-to-business (B2B) Page 42 21

8 Business to Business Involves the sale of a product or service from one business to another (B2B) Primarily a manufacturer supplier relationship B2B Magazine Page Business to Consumer Fastest growing type of e-commerce Three most widely used B2C applications: Online banking Financial trading Shopping Page 43 Retur n 23 Consumer to Consumer Web Auctions Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce (C2C) Similar to traditional auctions Types Auction house sites Person-to-person auction sites Page 44 24

9 Security Payment methods must be fast, reliable, and secure Three basic options Checks Credit card Digital cash Page Web Utilities Specialized utility programs that make using the internet & web safer and easier Web-based applications FTP Plug-Ins Filters Internet Security Suites Page Plug-Ins Acrobat Reader Media Player QuickTime Real Player Shockwave Page 48 27

10 Filters CyberPatrol Cybersitter IProtectYou Pro Web Filter Net Nanny Safe Eyes Platinum Page Internet Security Suites Collection of utility programs designed to maintain your security and privacy while on the web McAfee Norton Page Page 50 A Look to the Future Homes of Tomorrow Smart appliances in homes will have their own Web page Refrigerators will be able to manage their inventory and automatically order to resupply GE s Refrigerator of the Future kitchenoffuture_article_06.htm Internet cameras, wireless technologies, & high-speed internet will allow you to virtually monitor your home while on travel 30