A Guide to CPD for Orthopaedic Surgeons

Transcription

1 A Guide to CPD for Orthopaedic Surgeons

2 Contents Contents Message from the Chair 3 Purpose of CPD 4 The Program 4 Who Participates? 5 Special Consideration 6 Personal CPD Plan 6 Allocation of CPD Points 6 How to submit your CPD 7 Confirmation of Participation and Compliance 7 Changes to Individual Circumstance 7 Audit and Verification 7 Help and Support 8 Sections 9 Section 1: Surgical Audit and Peer Review 9 Section 2: Clinical Services 11 Section 3: Self-Directed Learning 14 Section 4: Scientific Meetings and Research 16 Appendices Appendix 1: Personal CPD Plan Summary 18 Appendix 2: Personal CPD Plan Example 21 Appendix 3: CPD and the Surgical Competencies Copyright Australian Orthopaedic Association 2

3 Message Message from the Chair The 2013 Continuing Professional Development (CPD) program has been developed to reflect the ongoing needs and educational requirements of Australian Orthopaedic Association (AOA) members. This robust program includes a range of activities to meet individual learning needs such as surgical audit, peer review and clinical services, in addition to participation in self-directed learning, attendance at meetings and research. The AOA CPD program reflects the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) competencies, which are a guide to the essential skills, knowledge and attributes surgeons need for optimal patient care. It is also a requirement of the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) that as a specialist medical practitioner working in any role, whether remunerated or not, you maintain and develop your knowledge, skills and performance so that you are equipped to deliver appropriate and safe medical health care over your working life. There are some notable changes to the 2013 program: The historical three-year cycle (triennium) has been discontinued. The program will now be completed on an annual basis. The Program has been reduced to four sections and participants are no longer required to complete the Hospital Credentialing Section. A third practice type has been included specifically to cater for those in Limited Practice. Members who are currently working overseas are required to provide evidence of participation in CPD activities. Section 1: Surgical Audit and Peer Review has been modified to include all audit activity. An optional Personal CPD Plan has been introduced. AOA intends to maintain as much flexibility as possible in the CPD program, within the requirements of AHPRA. It will continue to include a wide range of activities to meet the needs of orthopaedic surgeons in all fields of practice. In order to achieve this AOA welcomes comments and advice from all members on enhancements that may be made to the program. Dr Andreas Loefler Chairman, Professional Development and Standards 2012 Copyright Australian Orthopaedic Association 3

4 Purpose of CPD CPD is a lifelong learning activity for all registered practitioners. The purpose of CPD is to ensure that medical specialists maintain, enhance or develop skills and knowledge to ensure the highest standards of patient care. CPD improves the standard of practice through a commitment to a continuum of learning in the specialist discipline. Employers and regulatory authorities require proof of CPD participation and compliance, which may affect your employment as well as your medical registration. Non-compliance in CPD is also a breach of the AOA Code of Conduct. The Australian Medical Council (AMC) Standards state: A failure to comply with this CPD standard is a breach of the legal requirements for registration and may constitute behaviour for which health, conduct or performance action may be taken under the National Laws.128(2). The Program Up until 2012, the AOA CPD program was completed on a three-year cycle (triennium). From 2013 onwards the program must be completed on an annual basis (1 January 31 December) to coincide with your annual medical registration. Your annual record of CPD is due to be submitted to AOA by no later than 28 February of the following year. The AOA CPD program is based on the principles of adult education. It is self-directed, providing the flexibility for learning to be tailored to individual learning needs. The AOA CPD program reflects the RACS competencies of: Medical Expertise Technical Expertise Judgment clinical decision making Communication Collaboration Management and Leadership Health Advocacy Professionalism Scholar and Teacher. Thereby ensuring the skills, knowledge and attributes achieved through the Surgical Education and Training Program (SET) in orthopaedics may be maintained and built upon in the Post-Fellowship years. The AOA CPD program recognises a broad range of activities, grouped into four sections. Each section has an annual requirement for a minimum number of points, determined by a members practice type as shown in the table below. Activities listed in each section provide: An indication of the number of points applicable to each activity on either a per hour or per activity basis. When points are allocated on a per hour basis, this is generally at one point per learning hour. An indication of the appropriate documentary evidence to be retained, and provided if randomly selected for audit. Minimum Annual Requirement Section Operating Non-operating Limited Practice Section 1: Surgical Audit and Peer Review One Surgical Audit and Peer Review N/A N/A Section 2: Clinical Services 40 points N/A N/A Section 3: Self-Directed Learning 50 points 50 points 25 points Section 4: Scientific Meetings and Research 20 points 20 points 10 points 4

5 Who Participates? The CPD program is open to all members of AOA and is tailored to suit different types of practice. AHPRA defines practice as any role, whether remunerated or not, in which the individual uses their skills and knowledge as a practitioner in their regulated health profession. Practice is not restricted to the provision of direct clinical care. It also includes using professional knowledge in a direct non-clinical relationship with patients or clients, working in management, administration, education, research, advisory, regulatory or policy development roles and any other roles that impact on safe, effective delivery of health services in the health profession. Under the National Law, which governs the operations of the Medical Board of Australia (MBA) and AHPRA, all practitioners with specialist registration must participate in a CPD program that is accredited by the AMC, and meet the CPD Standard set by their College. For orthopaedic surgery in Australia this standard may be met by completion of either the AOA or RACS CPD program. The CPD program has varying compliance requirements depending on your type of practice. The program defines the following three practice types: Operating Surgeon This practice type is for orthopaedic surgeons in any kind of operative practice including public and/or private hospital, day surgery or private rooms. Operating surgeons must fulfill the requirements for all four sections of the CPD program. Non-operating Surgeon This practice type is for orthopaedic surgeons in nonoperative/non-clinical, consulting practice including medico-legal specialists. Non-operating surgeons must fulfill the requirements of Section 3: Self-Directed Learning and Section 4: Scientific Meetings and Research. Limited Practice This practice type is for orthopaedic surgeons whose practice is strictly limited to non-procedural and non-clinical work including teaching, research, and administration. Orthopaedic surgeons working in a limited practice capacity must fulfill reduced requirements in Section 3: Self-Directed Learning and Section 4: Scientific Meetings and Research. Members who envisage difficulties in meeting the CPD requirements for their practice type are encouraged to contact the AOA CPD team for advice and assistance. What if I am: Retired? Fully retired members are not required to participate in CPD. Members who have retired from operative practice and continue to work in any other capacity must fulfill requirements for the most appropriate practice type. Working Part-time? Members in full-time or part-time practice are required to participate in the CPD program according to their practice type. There is no reduction in CPD requirements for parttime surgeons as the standard of practice is the same. Working Overseas? Members who are currently working overseas are required to participate in CPD. If you are working overseas you may choose to either participate in the AOA program or the equivalent CPD program of the country in which you are based. Documentary evidence of compliance, issued by the overseas CPD program, is required annually. A New Member? New Associates and Fellows are automatically enrolled in the CPD program. New members must participate in CPD in their first year (greater than six months of the calendar year) of active practice according to the most appropriate practice type. Members holding medical registration other than specialist medical registration should contact the Medical Board of Australia (MBA) to discuss their CPD requirements. For more information please contact the MBA, 5

6 Special Consideration Under extenuating circumstances, members who are unable to meet the CPD requirements for their practice type may be granted an exemption (total or partial) for a given year. Extenuating circumstances warranting special consideration may include: Serious illness Parental leave Leave of absence from professional duties Personal circumstances. To apply for special consideration, you must complete the Special Consideration Form and submit it to the AOA CPD team. Online users can submit their request through the AOA website. Offline users can request the form from the AOA CPD team. Personal CPD Plan Members are encouraged to develop a Personal CPD Plan at the start of each year. The concept of a Personal CPD Plan will be new to most of our members, especially those not familiar with modern concepts of education. A Personal CPD Plan can be helpful to guide you to use the various educational tools, which are now available to an orthopaedic surgeon. The Personal CPD Plan can be used as a guide to balance CPD activities such as conference, personal audits and clinical activities. Allocation of CPD Points to Activities The CPD activities provided in this Guide are intended as examples of learning opportunities available to orthopaedic surgeons and are not comprehensive. Members may undertake, and claim CPD points for activities other than those listed. According to the self-directed style of the CPD program members may determine the appropriate section and CPD points to allocate. The AOA CPD team is available to assist as needed. Activities listed in each section provide an indication of the number of points applicable to each activity on either a per hour or per activity basis. The CPD program also allows for a concept called predictive averaging. This means that a member can assign an estimated number of hours spent on repetitive CPD activity, rather than account for each and every hour. Regular weekly clinical care review or weekly administrative meetings can be entered as an estimated number of hours spent per year, rather than each hour of participation having to be itemised individually. CPD activity may only be claimed in the calendar year in which it was undertaken. No points may be carried over to the following year. AOA allocates CPD points to scientific meetings and courses according to the topics covered by programs submitted for assessment. By recognising meetings and courses for CPD points, AOA does not guarantee the quality of educational content for these events. The Personal CPD Plan is not compulsory, however it accrues CPD points at a rate of 2 points per hour. This plan is for personal use only, you will be asked to include a record of the activity undertaken however any outcomes remain confidential. This serves to validate the plan and to encourage reflection and evaluation. For more information please refer to Appendix 1: Personal CPD Plan Summary. The Personal CPD Plan will soon be available online. 6

7 How to submit your CPD CPD Online is AOA s preferred option for its members to record CPD activity. It is a simple system, reflective of the CPD program outlined in this Guide, with real-time summaries so that members may monitor their progress towards compliance. Once compliance is achieved members may print a self-serve compliance certificate. Please see How to use CPD Online which is available on the AOA website for more information. Alternatively, members may request a hard copy of the Annual Summary Form from the AOA CPD team. This form is also available on the AOA website. Changes to Individual Circumstance Members are asked to notify the AOA CPD team if their circumstances change, including if the member: Changes practice type (you can also update this directly on CPD Online) Retires (partially or fully) Leaves the profession Takes a leave of absence. Confirmation of Participation and Compliance Once annual CPD compliance is achieved, members may personally print a Certificate of Compliance via CPD Online. Offline participants may request a certificate from the AOA CPD team. CPD participation and compliance data will be exchanged with RACS each year. Members who do not want their CPD status shared with RACS may opt out of this arrangement at any time via the members Update My Details page at CPD Online or by contacting the AOA CPD team. Audit and Verification As a means of meeting our AMC accreditation obligations, AOA conducts an annual random audit of the CPD program. AOA has resolved to randomly select 5% of members annually for verification of CPD activity. Members selected will be notified in writing by no later than June of each year and asked to verify their CPD activity in two of the four CPD sections by providing supporting documentation to match the information supplied through CPD Online or the Annual Summary Form. For more information, refer to individual Sections for the breakdown. At the conclusion of the audit those randomly selected will receive personal feedback on their CPD verification as well as a copy of the Audit Report. All data will be de-identified in CPD Audit reporting. It is recommended that participants retain their CPD documentation for a minimum of three years. 7

8 Help and Support For further information regarding CPD, please refer to the frequently asked questions and answers that are available on the AOA website. Alternatively, if we can be of any assistance, please contact: Megan Cetinic Senior Education Officer Phone: megan.cetinic@aoa.org.au 8

9 Sections Section 1 Surgical Audit and Peer Review Practice Type Operating Non-operating Limited Practice Minimum Annual One Surgical Audit N/A N/A Requirement and Peer Review Activity in Section 1 has been divided into two sub-sections: Type A Surgical Audit and Peer Review Type B Audit, NJRR activity and Audit Analysis Surgical Audit and Peer Review is a mandatory component of the CPD program for all operating surgeons. Audit is an important quality assurance activity, that measures actual performance and outcomes against expected standards. Peer review facilitates reflective practice, which is an effective mechanism for promoting changes in practice, with a view to improve patient outcomes. Type A Surgical Audit and Peer Review Definition: An audit of some or all of the member s usual practice, the results of which are presented and discussed in an open and supportive peer-group environment where feedback is provided. Discussion should be considered and lead to meaningful reflection on how practice can be improved. In the public hospital system, audit data may be presented by a colleague or trainee and still fulfil the requirements of this section provided the member is present for the peer review discussion. Solo practitioners may conduct the peer review process with a colleague(s) who has a similar need for audit and peer review. Peer review does not need to be conducted face-to-face, for example audit results can be faxed/ ed to a colleague and discussed over the phone. Total Practice Audit covering all operations performed Evaluation of morbidity and mortality in surgical practice Personal audit of outcomes for a particular procedure Departmental Audit (such as regular review of x-rays) Presentation of personal NJRR data. Points: One Surgical Audit and Peer Review Verification: Completed Peer Review Verification (Online users to submit via CPD Online. Offline users to submit Peer Review Verification Form to AOA.) The Peer Review Verification must be completed by a colleague, who can confirm the Peer Review element of the Surgical Audit. This could be any colleague who was present when feedback was provided. The hard copy document only needs to be completed if online verification has not been provided. 9

10 Type B Audit, NJRR Activity and Audit Analysis External Audits Definition: Time spent contributing cases to audits, particularly Audits of Surgical Mortality, or Surgical Audits that are not presented for peer review. Collaborating Hospitals Audit of Surgical Mortality (CHASM) chasm@cec.health.nsw.gov.au Queensland Audit of Surgical Mortality (QASM) qasm@surgeons.org Tasmanian Audit of Surgical Mortality (TASM) tasm@surgeons.org Victorian Audit of Surgical Mortality (VASM) vasm@surgeons.org Audit Analysis Definition: Analysis of personal, or collegial, audit data. Actively reflecting on personal audit data to promote changes in practice Receiving feedback on personal audit data with a view to making changes in practice Providing constructive feedback on a colleague s audit data Acting as a reviewer for the NJRR or for an Audit of Surgical Mortality. Points: 2 points per hour Verification: Statutory Declaration of audit analysis, audit report, written confirmation of role as Reviewer. Western Australian Audit of Surgical Mortality (WAASM) waasm@surgeons.org Departmental audits, such as an audit of patient waiting times. Verification: Written confirmation of participation in audit from organising group. National Joint Replacement Registry Definition: Members are encouraged to opt-in (have their data identifiable solely for their own analysis) to the AOA s National Joint Replacement Registry (NJRR). The NJRR is a program of international significance, and is an important tool for decision-making in regard to prostheses used in Australia. Increasingly, it is seen as a formative collection of data by international orthopaedic associations. National Joint Replacement Registry Contact: Ms Ann Tomkins, Project Coordinator Phone: +61 (08) atomkins@aoanjrr.org.au Verification: Written confirmation of participation in the NJRR. 10

11 Sections Section 2 Clinical Services Practice Type Operating Non-operating Limited Practice Minimum Annual 40 Points N/A N/A Requirement This section records a broad range of activities that relate to the provision of clinical services. All operating surgeons should be involved in ensuring the safe provision of pre-operative, operative and post-operative management of patients and maintenance of surgical standards. Points may be claimed specifically for single activities or, for regular or repeated activities, predictive averaging may be applied to ascertain an average number of hours spent in the activity. Patient Care Definition: Activities that directly focus on patient well-being, particularly departmental, clinical or collegial meetings to present and discuss patient care (including imaging). Solo practitioners are required to meet collegially and have a patient care focus in order to claim points for this activity. Regular departmental meetings Collegial meetings. Verification: Attendance sheet or minutes from meetings, written confirmation from the relevant institution, statutory declaration including a list of meetings attended, diary record. Orthopaedic Governance Definition: Meetings to discuss administrative or governance matters, particularly in relation to orthopaedics. Acting on behalf of the profession through involvement in the AOA. Orthopaedic administrative or governance matters General surgical administrative or governance matters Discussion regarding how to better manage the orthopaedic department Discussion regarding improvement of teaching Management of theatre put-through or waiting lists 11

12 Serving on an AOA Board or Committee Acting as an AOA Hospital Inspector. (except AOA Hospital Inspector is 2 points per hour) Verification: Attendance sheet or minutes from meetings, written confirmation from the relevant institution, statutory declaration including a list of meetings attended, diary record. Teaching and Examination Activity Definition: Teaching and examining at any level, from undergraduate to fellowship. Regular teaching activities (tutorials, lectures etc) Development of educational materials Guest/invited teaching activities Examining (including setting and marking of papers). Verification: Teaching schedules, written confirmation from the relevant institution. Professional Workshops Definition: Attendance at workshops with a focus on professional (rather than clinical or technical) skills. Communication skills workshops Train the trainer workshops Leadership workshops. Verification: Written confirmation from organising body, Certificate of Attendance. Mentoring and Visits Definition: Interaction with colleagues, other medical staff, and visits to other institutions. Mentoring of junior doctors, Trainees, Fellows or a peer Operating with a peer Visits to other institutions (hospitals or clinics), with a focus on medical or clinical services, including formal clinical review visits. Supervision Definition: Supervision of orthopaedic Trainees, International Medical Graduates or Fellows at the participant s institution. Director of Training duties Direct supervision of Trainees Nominated supervisor for an International Medical Graduate Supervisor for a Fellowship position Overseeing the operations of a colleague. Verification: Statutory declaration, written confirmation from relevant institution. AOA-approved Fellowships Definition: Fellowships that have been approved by AOA. Post-Fellowship advanced training Fellowship positions in a subspecialty area. Points: 50 points per year Verification: Written confirmation from Fellowship supervisor. Verification: Written confirmation from relevant institution, statutory declaration. 12

13 Further Education and Study Definition: Formal post-graduate study, leading to a qualification, that relates to the participant s orthopaedic practice. Full-time or part-time degree programs (e.g. Masters of Surgery) Full-time or part-time diploma programs. A maximum of 25 points may be claimed for this activity. Verification: Educational transcript from relevant institution. Community Orthopaedic Services Definition: Contact hours spent in professional development while undertaking voluntary community services activities. Orthopaedic Outreach and similar activities Australian Military Service Other humanitarian work. Verification: Written confirmation from the relevant institution, statutory declaration. 13

14 Sections Section 3 Self-Directed Learning Practice Type Operating Non-operating Limited Practice Minimum Annual 50 Points 50 points 25 points Requirement This section covers all self-directed learning activities that may be passive or active and reflective. Passive activities include journal reading, online learning, audio/visual learning. Reflective activities are those that facilitate the participant actively looks at their learning needs and tailoring their learning accordingly, for example, through the development of a Personal CPD Plan. Points may be claimed specifically for single activities or, for regular or repeated activities, predictive averaging may be applied to ascertain an average number of hours spent in the activity. Development of a Personal CPD Plan Definition: Creation and implementation of a Personal CPD Plan that focuses on individual learning needs and objectives. A reflection on the participant s learning is a key component of this activity. A CPD Plan should include the following sections: Self-appraisal Educational objectives Learning activity methods Reflection and evaluation of learning. A comprehensive step-by-step guide to your Personal CPD Plan can be found in Appendix 1. An electronic copy of a Personal CPD Plan Template is available on the AOA website. Points: 2 points per hour Verification: A copy of your Personal CPD Plan, a record/summary of Personal CPD Plan activities. 14

15 Journal Reading Definition: Reading articles in peer-reviewed journals either independently or as part of a journal club. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery/Australia and New Zealand Journal of Statistics/Specialty Journals Other medical journals Regular journal club meetings. Verification: Written confirmation of subscription, statutory declaration listing journals read. elearning Activity elearning activity has been divided into two sub-sections: Type A AOA (or equivalent) elearning Type B Other elearning Type A AOA (or equivalent) elearning Definition: Use of elearning materials provided by AOA, RACS or equivalent international groups. Learning materials available via the AOA elearning platform Type B Other elearning Definition: Use of elearning materials provided by any other group including industry. Learning materials available via general medical elearning websites Industry elearning material. Points: 0.5 points per hour Verification: Statutory declaration, written confirmation from the relevant institution, web-based certificate. Other Self-Directed Learning Definition: Self-directed and self-initiated individual learning activities that are not covered by the above categories. Studying text books Audio or video learning. Verification: Study plan or report, statutory declaration, written confirmation from the relevant institution. AOA ASM e-proceedings. Verification: Statutory declaration, written confirmation from the relevant institution, web-based certificate. 15

16 Sections Section 4 Scientific Meetings and Research Practice Type Operating Non-operating Limited Practice Minimum Annual Requirement 20 Points 20 points 10 points Scientific Meetings Attendance at scientific meetings has been divided into two sub-sections: Type A National and International Type B State, Regional and Industry Scientific meetings, workshops and seminars are an effective learning opportunity directed at maintaining and enhancing knowledge and skills, keeping abreast of developments in clinical and medical science and networking with colleagues. AOA strongly recommends participants attend a Type A scientific meetings on an annual basis. Type A - National and International Definition: Attendance at national or international scientific meetings (excluding industry meetings). AOA Annual Scientific Meeting AOA Continuing Orthopaedic Education Meeting AOA national subspecialty society meetings RACS Annual Scientific Congress Equivalent international orthopaedic/surgical meetings. Verification: Certificate of Attendance, written confirmation from the relevant institution. Type B - State, Regional and Industry Definition: Attendance at state, regional or industry scientific meetings. Members should be familiar with the AOA Code of Conduct and Position Statement on Interaction with Industry which is available on the AOA website Arthroplasty/arthroscopy workshops Industry instructional courses 16

17 Surgical specialty meetings AOA branch meetings. Verification: Certificate of Attendance, written confirmation from the relevant institution. Publications Definition: Publication in peer-reviewed orthopaedic journals and textbooks. First author of a journal article in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Second author of an orthopaedic textbook chapter. Scientific Research Definition: Participation in a scientific research project. The research may be conducted individually or in a team. Writing grant applications, ethics committee submissions, research proposals Conducting a literature review Analysing or writing up data. Verification: Written confirmation from relevant institution, research project plan. Presentations Definition: Presentation at scientific meetings. Plenary speaker Paper presentation Points: First author 20 points Second or subsequent author 10 points Verification: Written confirmation from relevant institution, electronic citation. Reviewer of Articles in Peer-Reviewed Journals Definition: Time spent reviewing articles and content for peer-reviewed medical journals. Peer-reviewer for The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Peer-reviewer for Medical Journal of Australia. Verification: Written confirmation from relevant institution. Invited lecturer. Points: National or international presentations 20 points State or regional presentations 10 points Local scientific presentations 5 points Verification: Program, or abstract in Abstract Book, written confirmation from relevant institution. 17

18 Appendices Appendix 1 Personal CPD Plan Introduction The concept of a Personal CPD Plan will be new to most of our members, especially those not familiar with modern concepts of education. A Personal CPD Plan can be helpful to guide you to use the various educational tools, which are now available to an orthopaedic surgeon. The Personal CPD Plan can be used as a guide to balance CPD activities such as conference, personal audits and clinical activities. The Personal CPD plan is not compulsory, however it accrues CPD points at a rate of 2 points per hour. This plan is for personal use only, you will be asked to include a record of the activity undertaken however any outcomes remain confidential. This serves to validate the plan and to encourage reflection and evaluation. From time to time members have not been able to complete their CPD. Planning ahead may have allowed them to fulfill the needs in each of the sections. Whilst this is a new concept, a Personal CPD Plan may be of use to some members. How can a Personal CPD Plan be used? It has been suggested that adult lifelong learning is best achieved by following a defined learning process. Professional regulatory bodies have indicated that following such learning processes both enhances educational value and demonstrates commitment to ongoing professional development. One of the foundations of the adult lifelong learning process is the conceptual Adult Learning Cycle which is represented below. The structure of the Personal CPD Plan mirrors this adult lifelong learning process. AOA would like to acknowledge the contribution and cooperation of the College of Intensive Care Medicine for providing their Personal CPD Plan for adaptation. 18

19 Step-by-Step Guide to writing your CPD Plan Step 1 Self-evaluation of educational needs Self-evaluation is the first step of the Personal CPD Planning process. It is the process of gathering information about yourself in order to make an informed decision about areas that require educational enhancement. Self-evaluation could include evaluation and appraisal of the following: professional values, skills, interests, and related personal goals. In principle, your Personal CPD Plan should reinforce the expected attributes of a specialist orthopaedic surgeon: Medical Expertise Technical Expertise Judgment clinical decision making Communication Collaboration Management and Leadership Health Advocacy Professionalism Scholar and Teacher. Possible approach: Ask a question such as: what skills and knowledge do I need to develop to meet my anticipated professional roles and responsibilities in the next year (or beyond)? Identify strengths and weaknesses in your current capabilities. Anticipate how these may impact on your ability to perform your professional role in the next year. You may also consider how you want to develop your practice, and to identify changes in health care in the next year that might affect your practice, e.g. introduction of new technology. Example: Self-assessment tests that test knowledge in clinical domains using multiple choice questions, e.g. online MCQs. External assessments such as personal peer review by a colleague, personal morbidity and mortality reviews, or formal audit of own practice, etc. Structured assessments of skills such as performance assessment using simulators. Step 2 Setting educational objectives Based on self-evaluation you may set educational objectives for the following year. Objectives should be clear, specific, and realistic in the proposed time frame. Example: Self-appraisal indicated that you lacked the sufficient understanding of MRI sequences Educational objective to familiarise yourself with the use and interpretation of various MRI sequences. Step 3 Choose learning activity methods You should choose learning activities that best suit your practice and learning style in order to meet educational objectives. Some participants may prefer to learn mainly by themselves, others in groups, or by active participation (such as in simulations or at the bedside). Participants should identify CPD activities that will cover their educational needs. The availability of educational activities that meet your requirements can be explored and plans made to participate as appropriate. A review and reminder system may help to keep the Personal CPD Plan on track. Electronic diaries such as Google Calendar, ical, Outlook Calendar may be useful. When the online version of the Personal CPD Plan is available, it will include this facility as a feature. Studies of doctors have shown that they generally perform poorly when attempting subjective self-evaluation. Members are therefore strongly encouraged to embark on objective measures of self-appraisal when possible. A member can judge his or her expertise in a clinical area and compare it to external objective measures of performance. 19

20 Step 4 Reflection and assessment Reflection and assessment require consciously thinking about and analysing what one has done. Reflective learning implies that we examine our educational experiences to help us understand our own learning processes. A better understanding of our own thinking is likely to promote independent learning. This part of the process is important as it closes the learning loop. Following self-evaluation you will have set major educational objectives that should improve your professional practice. The Personal CPD Plan, consisting of individual components but planned to evolve over one year, is unlikely to have been perfect. Structured reflection on individual learning experiences and assessment of the degree of success achieved reinforces the educational value of activities. Reflection may also result in recognising the need for further learning activities, or even Personal CPD Plan changes. The outcome of this process is intended to promote the development of new attitudes, the enhancement of one s skills and knowledge and ultimately to result in the furthering of one s professional development. How do I record CPD points for the Personal CPD Plan? Points for developing a Personal CPD Plan, and the reflective/evaluative component, may be claimed in Section 3: Self-Directed Learning. Learning activities incorporated in the plan may be claimed in the most relevant section of the CPD program. For example, if your educational objective was to update your skills and knowledge in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction one of your learning activities may have been to attend the Australian Knee Society Annual Meeting, this should be claimed under Section 4: Scientific Meetings and Research. How should I complete my Personal CPD Plan? The most effective way to complete your Personal CPD Plan is via the AOA elearning Portal, this feature is coming soon. In the interim, or if you prefer to work from a hard copy Personal CPD Plan, you may use the template provided on the AOA website. Example: Identify and document the strengths and weaknesses of each activity Review how the chosen educational model corresponded with your preferred learning style Review and assess whether the activity met the educational objective set in your Personal CPD Plan Identify whether the knowledge or skill gained will have implications for your professional practice At the end of each cycle, review and establish whether the objectives of your Personal CPD Plan were adequately met. 20

21 Appendix 2 My Personal CPD Plan Template (with examples) Name: AOA ID: CPD Year: This record sheet is for your guidance only you may present your development plan in any other format. Please refer to the comprehensive step-by-step guide to My Personal CPD Plan (Appendix 1) for more information. Self-Appraisal Setting Educational Objectives Choosing Learning Activity Methods Reflection and Evaluation Evaluate and appraise the following about yourself: Professional values Skills Interests Personal goals Strengths and weaknesses Based on the selfappraisal, participants should set educational objectives that address areas that require attention. Participants should choose activities that best suit their practice and learning style. Variety in activities is also important. Participants should think about and analyse the activities they have participated in and whether they have met their educational objectives. Participants should also assess whether their goals have had a positive impact on their practice. 21

22 My Personal CPD Plan Template Name: AOA ID: CPD Year: This record sheet is for your guidance only you may present your development plan in any other format. Please refer to the comprehensive step-by-step guide to My Personal CPD Plan (Appendix 1) for more information. Self-Appraisal Setting Educational Objectives Choosing Learning Activity Methods Reflection and Evaluation 22

23 Appendix 3 CPD and the Surgical Competencies Medical Expertise Technical Expertise Judgment clinical decision making Communication Collaboration Management and Leadership Health Advocacy Professionalism Scholar and Teacher Section 1: Surgical Audit and Peer Review Section 2: Clinical Services Section 3: Self-Directed Learning Section 4: Scientific Meetings and Research 23

24 Australian Orthopaedic Association Limited Level 12, 45 Clarence Street SYDNEY NSW 2000 T F